Chapter 2 Directional, Positions, Imaging Flashcards
-ad
toward
-al, -ic, -ior
pertaining to
Anatomical position
Standing, arms at side, palms facing forward, and feet side by side
anter/o
front
anterior (ant)
pertaining to the front
anterolateral
pertaining to the front and to the side
anteromedial
pertaining to the front and to the middle
anteroposterior (AP)
pertaining to the front and to the back
anterosuperior
pertaining to the front and above
caud/o
tail (downward)
caudad
toward the tail
caudal
pertaining to the tail
cephal/o
head (upward)
cephalad
toward the head
cephalic
pertaining to the head
Computed Tomography Technologists (CT Technicians)
operate CT equipment to produce cross-sectional or “sliced” images of internal structures
Directional terms
Communicate a specific location or direction of movement and often describe: -locations on or within the body, organs, and a atomic structures -direction of x-ray beans used in radiology -orientation of diagnostic images -surgical approaches
dist/o
away (from the point of attachment)
distal
pertaining to away (from the point of attachment)
dors/o
back
dorsal
pertaining to the back
infer/o
below
inferior (inf)
pertaining to below (toward pelvis)
inferolateral
pertaining to below and to the side
later/o
side
lateral (lat)
pertaining to the side; describes away from the middle of the structure or the midline of the body
Magnetic Resonance (MR) Technologists
operate MR equipment to produce images using a strong magnetic field and radiofrequencies
medi/o
middle
medial (med)
pertaining to the middle; describes a location closer to the middle of the structure or the midline of the body
mediolateral
pertaining to the middle and to the side
poster/o
back, behind
posterior (post)
pertaining to the back, behind
posteroanterior (PA)
pertaining to the back and to the front
proxim/o
near (the point of attachment)
proximal
pertaining to near (the point of attachment)
Radiation Therapists
administer high doses of radiation to treat cancer and other disease
radiographers
operate x-ray equipment using radiation to produce black and white images of bone structures and soft tissues
radiologic technologists (RTs)
perform diagnostic imaging examinations and administer radiation therapy treatments
sonographers (also called Ultrasound Technicians)
operate sonography equipment to create images of internal organs using sound waves
super/o
above
superior (sup)
pertaining to above (towards head)
ventr/o
belly (front)
ventral
pertaining to the belly
posterolateral
pertaining to the back and to the side
superolateral
pertaining to above and to the side
axial plane
horizontal field dividing the body into superior and inferior portions; also called transverse plane and horizontal plane)
coronal plane
vertical field passing through the body from side to side, dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions (also called frontal plane)
sagittal plane
vertical field running through the body from front to back, dividing the body into right and left sides.
umbilical region
around the navel (umbilicus)
lumbar regions
to the right and left of the umbilical region, near the waist
epigastric region
superior to the umbilical region
hypochondriac regions
to the right and left of the epigastric region
hypogastric region
inferior to the umbilical region
iliac region
to the right and left of the hypogastric region, near the groin (also called inguinal regions)
Fowler position
semi-sitting position with slight elevation of the knees
orthopnea position
sitting upright in a chair or in bed supported by pillows behind the back. Sometimes the patient tilts forward resting on a pillow supported by an overbed table
prone position
lying on abdomen, facing downward (head may be turned to one side)
Sims position
lying on side in semi-prone position with the knee drawn up toward the chest and with the arm drawn behind, parallel to the back. “Right” and “left” precede the term to indicate the patient’s right or left side. If side not given, then left is assumed
supine position
lying on back, facing upward
Trendelenburg position
lying on back with body tilited so that the head is lower than the feet
temporal pulse
palpate over the temporal bone on each side of the head, lateral to each eyebrow
carotid pulse
palpate the anterior edge of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, just medial and inferior to the angel of the jaw. To avoid reduction of blood flow, do not palpate right and left carotid puses simultaneiously.
radial pulses
palpate anterolateral side of wrist, proximal to the first carpalmetacarpal junction
femoral pulse
This pulse is inferior to the medial inguinal ligament; the pulse is found midway between anterosuperior iliac spine and pubic tubercle
posterior tibial pulse
this pulse is found posterior and slightly inferior to the medial malleolus of the ankle
dorsalis pedis pulse
with the foot slightly dorsiflexed, lightly palpate the dorsal surface of the foot, just lateral to the first metatarsal
sup
superior
ant
anterior
AP
anteroposterior
inf
inferior
lat
lateral
LLQ
left lower quadrant
LUQ
left upper quadrant
med
medial
PA
posteroanterior
post
posterior
RLQ
right lower quadrant
RUQ
right upper quadrant
sup
superior
What position is this?
Fowler position
What position is this?
Trendelenburg position
What position is this?
Sims position
What position is this?
Orthopnea position
The temporal pulse is palpated:
a. just above the eyebrow
b. to the side of the eyebrow
c. below the eyebrow
d. to the middle of the eyebrow
b. to the side of the eyebrow
The femoral pulse is located:
a. below the inguinal ligament
b. above the inguinal ligament
c. to the front of the inguinal ligament
d. medial to the inguinal ligament
a. below the inguinal ligament
The radial pulse is palpated on the
a. front and side of the wrist
b. back and side of the wrist
c. back and middle of the wrist
d. front and middle of the wrist
a. front and side of the wrist
