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Basic Medical Language > Chapter 6 Reproductive System > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Reproductive System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

breasts

A

milk-producing glands (also called mammary glands)

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2
Q

cervix

A

narrow lower portion of the uterus

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3
Q

endometrium

A

inner lining of the uterus

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4
Q

ovaries

A

almond-shaped organs located in the pelvic cavity form and store ova; produce the hormones estrogen and progesterone

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5
Q

ovum (pl. ova)

A

female reproductive (egg cell produced by the ovaries

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6
Q

uterine tubes

A

tubes attached to the uterus that provide a passageway for the ovum to move from the ovary to the uterus (also called Fallopian tubes)

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7
Q

uterus

A

pear-sized and shaped muscular organ that lies in the pelvic cavity, except during pregnancy when it enlarges and extends up into the abdominal cavity; its functions are menstruation, pregnancy, and labor

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8
Q

vagina

A

passageway between the uterus and the outside of the body

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9
Q

epididymis

A

coiled tube attached to each of the testes that provides for storage, transit, and maturation of sperm

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10
Q

penis

A

male organ of urination and coitus (sexual intercourse)

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11
Q

prostate gland

A

encircles the upper end of the urethra; secretes fluid that aids in the movement of sperm and ejaculation

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12
Q

scrotum

A

sac containing the testes and epididymis, suspended on both sides of and just behind the penis

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13
Q

semen

A

composed of sperm, seminal fluids, and other secretions

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14
Q

seminal vesicles

A

main glands located at the base of the urinary bladder that open into the vas deferent; secrete a thick fluid that forms part of the semen

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15
Q

sperm

A

male reproductive cell produced by the testes

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16
Q

testis, testicle (pl. testes, testicles)

A

primary male sex organ; oval-shaped and enclosed within the scrotum; produce sperm and the hormone testosterone

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17
Q

urethra

A

narrow tube that carries semen from the vas deferent to the outside of the body; also connects to the urinary bladder in the male (a circular muscle constricts during intercourse to prevent urination)

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18
Q

vas deferens

A

duct carrying the sperm from the epididymis to the urethra

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19
Q

cervic/o

A

cervix (or neck)

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20
Q

colp/o, vagin/o

A

vagina

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21
Q

endometri/o

A

endometrium

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22
Q

gynec/o

A

woman

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23
Q

hyster/o

A

uterus

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24
Q

mamm/o, mast/o

A

breast

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25
Q

men/o

A

menstruation, menstrual

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26
Q

oophor/o

A

ovary

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27
Q

salping/o

A

uterine tube (Fallopian tube)

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28
Q

son/o

A

sound

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29
Q

-cele

A

hernia, protrusion

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30
Q

-pexy

A

surgical fixation, suspension

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31
Q

orchi/o

A

testis (testicle)

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32
Q

prostat/o

A

prostate gland

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33
Q

scrot/o

A

scrotum

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34
Q

vas/o

A

vessel, duct (in the male reproductive system, it refers to vas deferens

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35
Q

-rrhaphy

A

suturing, repairing

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36
Q

-rrhexis

A

rupture

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37
Q

cyst/o

A

bladder, sac

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38
Q

lith/o

A

stone(s), calculus (pl. calculi)

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39
Q

-al, -ic

A

pertaining to

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40
Q

-ectomy

A

surgical removal, excision

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41
Q

-gram

A

record, radiographic image

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42
Q

-graphy

A

process of recording, radiographic imaging

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43
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

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44
Q

-logist

A

one who studies and treats (specialist, physician)

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45
Q

-logy

A

study of

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46
Q

-osis

A

abnormal condition

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47
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

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48
Q

-rrhagia

A

rapid flow of blood; excessive bleeding

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49
Q

-rrhea

A

flow, discharge

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50
Q

-scope

A

instrument used for visual examination

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51
Q

-scopy

A

visual examination

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52
Q

-tomy

A

cut into, incision

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53
Q

a-

A

absence of, without

54
Q

dys-

A

difficult, painful, abnormal

55
Q

amenorrhea

A

without menstrual flow

56
Q

cervical

A

pertaining to the cervix

57
Q

cervicectomy

A

excision of the cervix (also called trachelectomy)

58
Q

cervicitis

A

inflammation of the cervix

59
Q

colposcope

A

instrument used for visual examination of the vagina

60
Q

colposcopy

A

visual examination of the vagina

61
Q

cystocele

A

protrusion of the bladder (through the anterior vaginal wall)

62
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

painful menstrual flow

63
Q

endometrial

A

pertaining to the endometrium

64
Q

endometriosis

A

abnormal condition of the endometrium (growth of endometrial tissue outside of the uterus)

65
Q

endometritis

A

inflammation of the endometrium

66
Q

gynecologist

A

physician who studies and treats diseases of women

67
Q

gynecology

A

study of women (the branch of medicine focused on the health and diseases of the female reproductive system)

68
Q

hysterectomy

A

excision of the uterus

69
Q

hysteropexy

A

surgical fixation of the uterus

70
Q

hysterorrhaphy

A

suturing of the uterus

71
Q

hysterorrhexis

A

rupture of the uterus

72
Q

hysterosalpingogram

A

radiographic image of the uterus and uterine tubes

73
Q

hysterosalpingo-oophrectomy

A

excision of the uterus, uterine tubes, and ovaries

74
Q

mammogram

A

radiographic image of the breast

75
Q

mammography

A

radiographic imaging of the breast

76
Q

mammoplasty

A

surgical repair of the breast

77
Q

mastectomy

A

excision of the breast

78
Q

mastopexy

A

surgical fixation of the breast (performed to lift sagging breast tissue or to create symmetry)

79
Q

mastitis

A

inflammation of the breast

80
Q

menorrhagia

A

rapid flow of blood at menstruation

81
Q

menorrhea

A

flow at menstruation

82
Q

oophorectomy

A

excision of the ovary

83
Q

oophoritis

A

inflammation of the ovary

84
Q

oophoropexy

A

surgical fixation of the ovary

85
Q

salpingitis

A

inflammation of the uterine tube

86
Q

sonography

A

process of recording sound (also called ultrasonography)

87
Q

vaginal

A

pertaining to the vagina

88
Q

vaginitis

A

inflammation of the vagina

89
Q

orchiectomy

A

excision of the testis

90
Q

orchitis

A

inflammation of the testis

91
Q

orchiopexy

A

surgical fixation of the testis

92
Q

prostatectomy

A

excision of the prostate gland

93
Q

prostatic

A

pertaining to the prostate gland

94
Q

prostatitis

A

inflammation of the prostate gland

95
Q

prostatocystitis

A

inflammation of the prostate gland and the bladder

96
Q

prostatolith

A

stone(s) in the prostate gland

97
Q

scrotal

A

pertaining to the scrotum

98
Q

scrotoplasty

A

surgical repair of the scrotum

99
Q

vasectomy

A

excision of the duct (vas deferens)

100
Q

vasovasostomy

A

creation of an artificial opening between ducts

101
Q

dilation and curettage (D&C)

A

surgical procedure to widen the cervix and scrape the endometrium with an instrument called a curette

102
Q

obstetrics

A

branch of medicine that deals with the management of pregnancy, labor, and the postpartum period (approximately 6 weeks after giving birth)

103
Q

Pap test

A

laboratory test involving cytological study of cervical and vaginal secretions used to determine the presence of abnormal or cancerous cells (also called Pap smear)

104
Q

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

A

inflammation of some or all of the female reproductive organs; can be caused by many different pathogens

105
Q

uterine fibroid

A

benign tumor of the uterine muscle (also called myopia and leiomyoma)

106
Q

uterovaginal prolapse

A

downward displacement of the uterus into the vagina

107
Q

benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

A

nonmalignant enlargement of the prostate gland

108
Q

circumcision

A

surgical removal of all or part of the foreskin of the penis

109
Q

digital rectal examination (DRE)

A

physical examination in which the healthcare provider inserts a gloved finger into the rectum and palpates the size and shape of the prostate gland through the rectal wall; used to screen for BPH and prostate cancer. BPH usually presents as a stony hard nodule

110
Q

erectile dysfunction (ED)

A

inability of the male to attain or maintain an erection sufficient to perform sexual intercourse (formerly called impotence)

111
Q

prostate-specific antigen (PSA) assay

A

blood test that measures the level of prostate-specific antigen, a protein produced by the prostate gland

112
Q

semen analysis

A

laboratory test involving microscopic observation of ejaculated semen, revealing the size, structure, and movement of sperm; used to evaluate male infertility and to determine the effectiveness of a vasectomy (also called sperm count and sperm test)

113
Q

sexually transmitted infection (STI)

A

infection spread through sexual contact (also called sexually transmitted disease (STD))

114
Q

transurethral resection of the prostate gland (TURP)

A

surgical removal of pieces of the prostate gland tissue by using an instrument inserted through the urethra

115
Q

BPH

A

benign prostatic hyperplasia

116
Q

Cx

A

cervix

117
Q

D&C

A

dilation and curettage

118
Q

DRE

A

digital rectal examination

119
Q

ED

A

erectile dysfunction

120
Q

HPV

A

human papillomavirus

121
Q

HSG

A

hysterosalpingogram

122
Q

OB/GYN

A

obstetrician-gynecologist

123
Q

PID

A

pelvic inflammatory disease

124
Q

PSA

A

prostate-specific antigen

125
Q

PSA

A

prostate-specific antigen

126
Q

RP

A

radical prostatectomy

127
Q

STD

A

sexually transmitted disease

128
Q

STI

A

sexually transmitted infection

129
Q

TAH/BSO

A

total abdominal hysterectomy/bilateral sapling-oophrectomy

130
Q

TRUS

A

transrectal ultrasound

131
Q

TURP

A

transurethral resection of the prostate gland

Basic Medical Language (12 decks)

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