Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Basic Medical Language > Chapter 4 Respiratory System > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

alveoli (s. alveolus)

A

air sacs at the smallest subdivision of the bronchial tree; oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged through the alveolar walls and the capillaries that surround them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

bronchus (pl. bronchi)

A

one of two branches from the trachea that conducts air into the lungs, where it divides and subdivides. The branchings resemble a tree; therefore they are referred to as a bronchial tree

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

larynx

A

location of vocal cords; air enters from the pharynx; (also called the voice box)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

lungs

A

two spongelike organs in the thoracic cavity. The right has three lobes and the left has two lobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

nose

A

lined with mucous membranes and fine hairs; acts as a filter to moisten and warm air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

pharynx

A

serves as food and air passageway; air enters from the nasal cavities and/or mouth and passes through the pharynx to the larynx. Food enters the pharynx from the mouth and passes into the esophagus (also called the throat)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

sinuses

A

air cavities within the cranial bones; membrane lining the air cavities produces mucus, which drains into the nasal passages; (also called paranasal sinuses)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

thorax

A

chest; the part of the body between the neck and the diaphragm encased by the ribs. The thoracic cavity is the hollow space between the neck and diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

trachea

A

passageway for air to the bronchi from the larynx; (also called windpipe)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

bronch/o

A

bronchus (s.), bronchi (pl)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

capn/o

A

carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx (voice box)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

muc/o

A

mucus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

nas/o

A

nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

ox/i

A

oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx (throat)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

pneum/o

A

lung, air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

pneumon/o

A

lung, air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

pulmon/o

A

lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

sinus/o

A

sinus (s.), sinuses (pl.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

somn/o

A

sleep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

spir/o

A

breathe, breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

thorac/o

A

chest, chest cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
trache/o
trachea (windpipe)
26
-ary, -eal
pertaining to
27
-centesis
surgical puncture to remove fluid (with a sterile needle)
28
-ectomy
surgical removal, excision
29
-gram
record, radiographic image
30
-graphy
process of recording, radiographic imaging
31
-ia
diseased state, condition of
32
-meter
instrument used to measure
33
-pnea
breathing
34
-rrhagia
rapid flow of blood, excessive bleeding
35
-rrhea
flow, discharge
36
-scope
instrument used for visual examination
37
-scopic
pertaining to visual examination
38
-scopy
visual examination
39
-stomy
creation of an artificial opening
40
-thorax
chest, chest cavity
41
-tomy
cut into, incision
42
a-, an-
absence of, without
43
dys-
difficult, painful, abnormal
44
endo-
within
45
hyper-
above, excessive
46
poly-
many, much
47
apnea
absence of breathing
48
capnometer
instrument used to measure carbon dioxide
49
dyspnea
difficult breathing
50
hypercapnia
condition of excessive carbon dioxide
51
hyperoxia
condition of excessive oxygen
52
hyperpnea
excessive breathing
53
hypocapnia
condition of deficient carbon dioxide
54
hypopnea
deficient breathing
55
hypoxia
condition of deficient oxygen
56
laryngeal
pertaining to the larynx
57
laryngectomy
excision of the larynx
58
laryngitis
inflammation of the larynx
59
laryngoscope
instrument used for visual examination of the larynx
60
laryngoscopy
visual examination of the larynx
61
mucous
pertaining to the mucus
62
nasal
pertaining to the nose
63
nasopharyngitis
inflammation of the nose and pharynx
64
oximeter
instrument used to measure oxygen
65
pharyngeal
pertaining to the pharynx
66
pharyngitis
inflammation of the pharynx
67
rhinitis
inflammation of the nose (nasal membranes)
68
rhinorrhagia
rapid flow of blood from the nose
69
rhinorrhea
discharge from the nose
70
sinusitis
inflammation of the sinus (membranes)
71
sinusotomy
incision of the sinus
72
spirometer
instrument used to measure breathing (lung volume)
73
bronchitis
inflammation of the bronchi
74
bronchopneumonia
diseased state of the bronchi and lungs
75
bronchoscope
instrument used for visual examination of the bronchi
76
bronchoscopy
visual examination of the bronchi
77
endoscope
instrument used for visual examination within (a hollow organ or cavity)
78
endoscopic
pertaining to visual examination within (a hollow organ or cavity)
79
endoscopy
visual examination within (a hollow organ or cavity)
80
endotracheal (ET)
pertaining to within the trachea
81
pneumonectomy
excision of a lung
82
pneumonia
diseased state of the lungs
83
pneumothorax
air in the chest cavity
84
polysomnography (PSG)
process of recording many (tests) during sleep (also called sleep study)
85
polysomnogram
record of many sleep tests
86
pulmonary
pertaining to the lung
87
pulmonologist
physician who studies and treats diseases of the lung
88
pulmonology
study of the lung
89
thoracentesis
surgical puncture to remove fluid from the chest cavity
90
thoracic
pertaining to the chest
91
thoracoscope
instrument used for visual examination of the chest cavity
92
thoracoscopic
pertaining to visual examination of the chest cavity
93
thoracoscopy
visual examination of the chest cavity
94
thoracotomy
incision into the chest cavity
95
tracheostomy
creation of an artificial opening into the trachea
96
tracheotomy
incision into the trachea
97
asthma
respiratory disease characterized by coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath; caused by constriction and inflammation of airways that is reversible between attacks
98
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
progressive lung disease blocking air flow, which makes breathing difficult. Chronic bronchitis and emphysema are two main components. Mostly a result of cigarette smoking
99
computed tomography (CT)
diagnostic imaging test producing scans composed from sectional radiographic images, which can be taken in any of the anatomic planes for a multidimensional view of internal structures.
100
culture and sensitivity (C&S)
laboratory test performed on a collected sample to determine the presence of pathogenic bacteria or fungi and to identify the most effective antimicrobial treatment. The test may be performed on sputum, throat cultures, blood, urine, and other fluids. Sputum culture and sensitivity tests are frequently used in the diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infections such as bronchitis and pneumonia
101
emphysema
loss of elasticity of the alveoli results in distention, causing stretching of the lung. As a result, the body does not receive enough oxygen (Component of COPD)
102
influenza (flu)
highly contagious and often severe viral infection of the respiratory tract
103
obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
repetitive pharyngeal collapse during sleep, which leads to short absences of breathing (apnea); can produce daytime drowsiness and elevated blood pressure
104
radiograph
image created by ionizing radiation (also called an x-ray)
105
sputum
mucous secretion from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea expelled through the mouth
106
tuberculosis (TB)
infectious bacterial disease, most commonly spread by inhalation of small particles and usually affecting the lungs (may spread to other organs)
107
upper respiratory infection (URI)
infection of the nasal cavity, pharynx, or larynx, usually caused by a virus; (commonly called a cold)
108
ABGs
arterial blood gasses
109
CO2
carbon dioxide
110
COPD
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
111
CPAP
continuous positive airway pressure
112
C&S
culture and sensitivity
113
CT
computed tomography
114
CXR
chest x-ray
115
ET
endotracheal
116
flu
influenza
117
O2
oxygen
118
OSA
obstructive sleep apnea
119
PFTs
pulmonary function tests
120
PSG
polysomnography
121
RT
respiratory therapist
122
SOB
shortness of breath
123
TB
tuberculosis
124
URI
upper respiratory infection
125
V/Q scan
lung ventilation/perfusion scan

Basic Medical Language (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions