Chapter 9 - Blood, Lymphatic System Flashcards
What is blood mostly composed of
Rbc, wbc and platelets.
What is blood
Connective tissue with a plasma matrix. The protein fibers are only visible when the blood clots.
What are three functions of blood
Transport
Regulation (body temp, water balance, ph balance)
Defense (against pathogens, blood clotting)
What is plasma composed of
Water, proteins and other solutes
What are the formed elements composed of
Platelets, leukocytes and erythrocytes
Describe plasma
Fluid portion with dissolved substances: plasma proteins (albumin, globulins, clotting factors) and gases, nutrients, waste and hormones
What is % of blood volume dependant on
Species and amount of hydration. Cats have smaller rbc than dogs and a higher % of plasma in blood. Hemoconcentration vs. hemodilution
What is the normal yellow color in plasma due to
Bilirubin
Why can blood plasma appear cloudy
Due to postprandial lipemia. (Fat in blood after eating)
How do you avoid postprandial lipemia
Fast before taking a blood sample
What is the difference between serum and plasma
Serum is the same as plasma except it lacks clotting factors
What does supernatant mean
Serum
What is the intrinsic blood coagulation pathway
Surface contact Hageman factor (Active) hageman factor Christmas factor (Active) christmas factor Stable factor Platelet membrane Phospholipid Calcium ions (Active) stable factor P.M.P Calcium ions
Describe the extrinsic blood coagulation pathway
Tissue damage Tissue factor: stable factor Stable factor Platelet membrane phospholipid Calcium ions
Describe the common coagulation pathway
V, platelet membrane, phospholipid Prothrombin Thrombin Fibrin stabilizing factor OR fibrogen Fibrin Stable fibrin clot
What is an anticoagulant
Used to prevent blood clotting (coagulation) in vitro or in vivo. Substance blocks one of clotting factors in pathway
What does edta coagulation do
Binds ca++, used in lab (lavender top)
What does heparin anticoagulant do
Naturally occurring. Used to prevent thrombosis and embolism
What does warfarin anticoagulant do
In 1940: used as rat poison
In 1950: used medicinally as an oral anticoagulant
What are the three formed elements in blood
Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Thrombocytes
How much percent of blood does plasma compose
55% of blood
What is a Buffy coat and what is it part of
It is leukocytes and thrombocytes, it’s part of the formed elements and its it greater than 1% of whole blood
What is an erythrocyte and what is it part of
It is red blood cells and it composed 45% of whole blood
Wbc are considered what
Complete cells