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Developmental Psychology > Chapter 9 Adolescence: Body and Mind > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Adolescence: Body and Mind Flashcards

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1
Q

Puberty time peroid

A

time between the first onrush of hormones and full adult physical development

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2
Q

menarche

A

12 years 4 months

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3
Q

spermarche

A

13 years 8 months

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4
Q

sex organs

A

ovaries and testicles

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5
Q

sex hormones

A

estrogen and testosterone

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6
Q

rising cortisol levels at puberty increase the

A

likelihood of anger or frustration

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7
Q

emotions do what to homrones

A

increase

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8
Q

what rhythm changes at puberty

A

circadian

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9
Q

day night cycle of biological activity that occurs approximately every

A

24 hours

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10
Q

eveningness

A

some individuals naturally more alert in morning

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11
Q

statistics of high school seniors sleep deprived

A

3/4

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12
Q

lymbic system is affected by

A

hormones

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13
Q

lymbic system grows

A

rapidly

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14
Q

prefrontal cortex matures

A

gradually

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15
Q

gray matter

A

cell bodies of neurons

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16
Q

why is it good that gray matter is reduced

A

due to pruning and increase in white matter

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17
Q

white matter

A

axons allowing for connections

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18
Q

boys vs girls of puberty

A

girls 2 years before

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19
Q

height spurt boys vs girls

A

girls before menarche
boys after spermarche

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20
Q

body fat advances puberty in girls but what about boys

A

not always

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21
Q

emotional stress precipitates

A

puberty

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22
Q

by age 17 what is the BMI difference between genders

A

female 2x

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23
Q

what skin and hair changes occur

A

acne
courser and darker hair

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24
Q

diet of high school students

A

less healthy diets

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25
Q

eating choices and patterns are often influenced by perceptions of

A

negative body image

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26
Q

which gender struggles with body image

A

females more

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27
Q

eating disorders for females

A

diet pills
- restriction

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28
Q

eating disorder for makes

A

steroids
- muscle

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29
Q

anorexia nervosa

A

self starvation
underweight
sometimes purging

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30
Q

bulimia nervosa

A

binge eating and purging
purging = sense of relief

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31
Q

binge eating

A

no purge
frequent binges

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32
Q

primary sex characteristics

A

parts of the body that are directly involved in reproduction
(uterus, ovaries, testicles, penis)

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33
Q

secondly sex characteristics

A

not directly involved in reproduction but indicates sexual maturity
(facial hair, body shape, breasts)

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34
Q

percent of high school seniors who have had sex

A

56-58%

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35
Q

who are moreexpericned in high school

A

boys

36
Q

sexual abuse

A

any sexual activity between a juvenile and an adult

37
Q

what is the most common way of sexual abuse

A

most adolescent know the abuser
(parent, sibling, step parent)

38
Q

STI

A

any infection transmitted through sexual contact

39
Q

what age group represents half of US STI cases

A

15-25

40
Q

adolescent egocentrism

A

thinking that leads to focus on self to exclusion of others
can develop into self consiousness

41
Q

rumination

A

obsessive thinking about self focused concerns

42
Q

imaginary audiences

A

believing others are watching and taking note of apperence, ideas and behaviors, creates self consousness or center stage

43
Q

personal fabel

A

belief that their thoughts, feelings, and experiences are more wonderful or awful than others

44
Q

invincibility fable

A

conviction that one cannot be harmed by anything
- poor judgement

45
Q

formal operational thought

A

imagine all posible detminants
use more systematic logic
think about abstract ideas

46
Q

deductive reasoning

A

top down
duck= feathers, beak, webbed feet

47
Q

inductive reasoning

A

bottom up
(ingretieents)
feathers, beak, webbed feet = duck

48
Q

dual processing
two networks exist within the human brain

A

intuitive
analytical

49
Q

intuitive thought

A

arises from an emotion or a hunch
beyond rational explanation

50
Q

analytic thought

A

analysis
systematic ranking of pros and cons
logic

51
Q

do adolescents act too quickly

A

yes

52
Q

secondly education

A

peroid after primary education and before tertiary education

53
Q

world wide what is the percent not enrolled in secondary school

A

36-36%

54
Q

when teachers are valued

A

helps students learn

55
Q

what happens academically in middle school

A

achievement slows down

56
Q

what happens behaviorally in middle school

A

problems increase

57
Q

what happens developmentally in middle school

A

developmentally regressive

58
Q

how much children learn in school correlates with

A

how engaged they are

59
Q

what race/ethnic groups have the highest decline in liking school

A

African american
Latinx
Native American

60
Q

why might enegament drop for some groups

A

if they do not see someone successful in their life (ex: teacher) that is similar to them they can be unenageded

61
Q

factors leading to cyberbullying

A

self consiocuness
immature prefrontal cortext
prevalence of smart phones and computers

62
Q

what percent of high school graduates do not enter college

A

1/3

63
Q

adolescents need to be

A

educated for life

64
Q

what is a stereotype threat

A

socially premised psychological threat that arises when one is in a situation or doing something for which a negative stereotype about ones group applies

65
Q

example of stereotype threat

A

asians are good at math= will do better
girls are bad at math = will do poorer

66
Q

first observable sign of puberty for girls is

A

nipple growth

67
Q

first menstral peroid

A

menarche

68
Q

spermarche

A

first ejactulation of seminal fluid

69
Q

what other organ does the pituitary gland acitvate

A

gonads

70
Q

hormones correlate with

A

physiological chages
brain restricting
emotions
self reported development

71
Q

a rise in what makes adolescents quick to react with passion, fury, shame, or ecstasy

A

cortisol

72
Q

social media and web surfing are particularly stimulating of

A

the brain

73
Q

adolsectn sleep deprivation causes a

A

cascade of intellectual, behavioral, and health porblems

74
Q

stress hastens

A

puberty

75
Q

puberty is influenced by

A

genes
hormones
body fat
stress

76
Q

why is early puberty problematic

A

increase rate of emotional and behavioral problems
health problems

77
Q

delayed puberty can be a sign of

A

sickle cell

78
Q

because of egocentrism emotions are not

A

grounded to reality

79
Q

top down

A

dectuctive

80
Q

bottom up

A

inductive

81
Q

gender intensification

A

believing that certain jobs are best filled by men and others by women

82
Q

does age or intelligence make a adolescent more logical

A

no

83
Q

secondary grades

A

7-12

84
Q

PISA

A

measure 15 year olds ability to apply what they have learned

85
Q

where do US schools score on the PISA

A

lower

86
Q

stereotype threat

A

when someone holds a stereotype that someone else holds a stereotype about them

87
Q
A

Developmental Psychology (13 decks)

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