Chapter 14 & 15 Late Adulthood Body, Mind, and the Social World Flashcards
late adulthood age
65+
demographic shift
shift in the proportions of populations of various ages
what percent is 65 plus
9%
what percent of us population is 65+
17%
what is the new demographic shift
the older population is larger than the newer population so the demographic looks more like a rectangle than an upside-down pyramid
why are we seeing this demographic shift
lower birth rates
lower children/infant mortality
high income nations life expectancy
65-81
low income nation life expectantly
35-63
high income increase and decrease
increase: lifestyle changes and medical advances
decrease: drug overdose, suicude, covid
low income increase
clean water, immunizations, nutrition, newborn care
young old
largest group
healthy, financially independent, active
old old
suffer loses but they care themselves
oldest old
are dependent
smallest population
is the kind of old based on chronolocial
no
ageism
form of prejudice based on chronoical age
ageism
if younger adults treat them that they are frail and confused
become more dependent
ageism
- if norms are made for young people
they give uo
ageism
- focus on the lost
lose the joy go old age
elderspeak
condescending
baby talk
short sentences
higher pitch
sleep
spend more time in bed, take longer to fall asleep, wake frequently
exercise
exercise less than younger
3 theories
organs
genes
cells
wear and tear theory
weathering and gradual wear and tear over time
how to combat effects of wear and tear
calorie restrition
intermittent fasting
genese for alzhiemiers
apoE
genetic therory
species have maximum life span or a genetic clock
what part of the chromosome shortens with age and stress
telomeres
selective optimization with compensation
people try to maintain balance in their lives by looking for the best way to compensate for physical and cognitive losses
rates of neurocognive disorders increase with every decade after age
60
only _% of the population over 65 experiences a NCD
9
what does senile mean
old
DSM-5 dementia
scrapped
how to diagnose alzhimers
autopsy of plaques and tangles
- plaques of beta amyloid
- tangles of tau proteins
stages of Alzheimers
- forgetfulness (recent)
- generalized confusion
- dangerous memory loss
- impaired communication
- unresponsiveness
what is the second most common cause of neruocognive disorder is
vascular disease
multi infarct dementia
stroke leads to cognitive issues
what is the sign and symptom of frontotemporal disorders
emotional and personality changes
parkinsons
rigidity or tremor
Lewy body disease
motor movements and cognition are impacted
- main symptom is loss of inhibition
repeated blows to the head can cause
chronic traumatic encephalopathy
approximately 40% of dementia cases worldwide can be attributable to
12 modifiable risk factors
reversible brain disease
emotional disorders
malnutrition and dehydration
polypharmacy
polypharm
sitation in which elderly people are prescribed several medications
how many types of memory
14
what memory fades faster
explicit
what is explicit memory
ability to recall verbally
implicit memory
ability to recognize someone or something familiar
what happens to vocabulary
increases over tie
life review
examination of ones role in the history of human life
wisdom
expert knowledge system dealing with the conduct and udnersating of life
self theories
individual or core
continuity theory
sense of self and personal control are crucial for happiness and survival
pro sociality
contribution to the welfare and well being of other people
altrusim
motivation to help others even when. doing so is costly
stratification theories
emphasize social forces, particularly those related to a persons social stratum or category
disengagement theory
aging increasingly narrows a persons social sphere
activity theory
elderly people want and need to remain active in variety and become withdrawn only unwillingly as a result of ageism
with age what happens to friendships
social circle shrinks but close relationships become more improtant
married older adults are
heather wealthier and happier
broken ties are destructive for
every generation
older people prefer to age in place
stay in their neighborhood
religious activity
increases with age
frail elders
physically infirm, very ill, or cognitively disabled
IADL’s
actions that require intellecutual competence and forethought
- medical care
- food
- transportation
difficulty with what comes first ADL or IADL
IADL comes first
is disability at any age dynamic or static
dynamic
filial responsability
obligation of adult relatives to care for their aging parents, usually spouse in the united states
abuse is less likely if
care is introduced in timely and appropriate manner
staffing and supervision are adequate
