Chapter 9: Abdominal Vasculature

Question 1

The aorta originates in what part of the heart

Answer 1

Left ventricle

Question 2

The celiac trunk branches into what three arteries

Answer 2

Splenic, common hepatic, and left gastric

Question 3

The PSV range of the abdominal aorta is ______ cm/s

Answer 3

70-100

Question 4

Suprarenal aorta has ______ resistance flow

Answer 4

Low

Question 5

Infrarenal aorta has _____ resistance flow

Answer 5

High

Question 6

The PSV range for the celiac artery is _______ cm/s

Answer 6

98-105 cm/s

Question 7

The celiac artery has ____ resistance flow

Answer 7

Low

Question 8

The common hepatic artery has _____ resistance flow

Answer 8

Low

Question 9

The common iliac arteries have _____ resistance flow

Answer 9

High

Question 10

The splenic artery has ____ resistance flow

Answer 10

Low

Question 11

The PSV range for the SMA is ___cm/s

Answer 11

97-142 cm/s

Question 12

Describe the resistance of the SMA flow before and after eating

Answer 12

Before eating-high
After eating- low

Question 13

The renal arteries have ____ resistance flow

Answer 13

Low

Question 14

Renal arteries arise just below the level of the _____

Answer 14

SMA

Question 15

The right renal artery is much _____than the left

Answer 15

Longer

Question 16

The inferior mesenteric artery supplies blood to what parts of the colon

Answer 16

Transverse colon
Descending colon
Rectum

Question 17

The SMA provides blood to what organs

Answer 17

Small intestines
Some of the colon
Pancreas

Question 18

List the normal diameter of the aorta for prox mid and distal

Answer 18

Prox 2.5 cm
Mid 2cm
Distal 1.8cm

Question 19

The iliacs should measure _____ mm. Aneurysm is considered when they exceed __cm

Answer 19

8-10mm
>2cm = aneurysm

Question 20

Describe a true aneurysm

Answer 20

All three vessel walls are involved
Most common

Question 21

An abdominal aortic aneurysm is when the diameter exceeds

Answer 21

3cm

Question 22

Most common location for an aortic aneurysm is _____

Answer 22

Infrarenal

Question 23

What is a mycotic aneurysm

Answer 23

An aneurysm caused by infection

Question 24

What is a fusiform aneurysm

Answer 24

The most common shape.
Looks like Daniel ancho de los dos lados

Question 25

What is a saccular aneurysm

Answer 25

Sudden dilation of a vessel como un saco kind of Looks like a pregnant woman de lado

Question 26

What is the most common cause of aneurysms

Answer 26

Atherosclerosis

Question 27

Abdominal Aortic aneurysms have been associated with that conditions

Answer 27

Marfan Syndrome Syphilis Hereditario Infection

Question 28

What are some complications of abdominal aortic aneurysms

Answer 28

Distal embolism Infection Dissection Rupture

Question 29

What does EVAR stand for

Answer 29

Endovascular aortic stent graft repair

Question 30

An EVAR is delivered to the aorta by accessing which vessel

Answer 30

CFA

Question 31

What is an endoleak

Answer 31

Failure of the graft to isolate the aneurysm from circulation. Propensity to rupture

Question 32

Flow within the aortic graft should have what kind of waveform

Answer 32

Triphasic

Question 33

Describe an aortic dissection

Answer 33

Occurs when there is a separation of the wall layers causing intense chest pain Intimal flap may be seen Associated with Marfan syndrome

Question 34

With an aortic dissection what are the symptoms

Answer 34

Chest pain, hypertension, abdominal pain, lower back pain and neurologic symptoms

Question 35

Describe an abdominal aortic rupture

Answer 35

Te mueres literal An aneurysm with adjacent hematoma confirms rupture Pulsatile abdominal mass and bruit

Question 36

An abdominal aortic rupture es más propenso a que pase when the aneurysm is >____ cm

Answer 36

7cm

Question 37

What are the symptoms of an abdominal aortic rupture

Answer 37

Hypotension, lower extremity pain, back pain, abdominal pain, decreased hematocrit

Question 38

What is a pseudoaneurysm

Answer 38

False aneurysm Contained rupture of a vessel commonly found at the groin after catherization

Question 39

What are the findings of a pseudoaneurysm

Answer 39

Pulsatile mass in the area, peri vascular hematoma connecting by a neck to the vessel, showing swirling blood (ying yang sign) and turbulent flow

Question 40

IVC diameter should not exceed ___ cm

Answer 40

2.5

Question 41

IVC may become narrowed with what syndrome

Answer 41

Budd chiari syndrome

Question 42

Enlargement of hepatic veins and IVC is seen with what condition

Answer 42

Right sided heart failure

Question 43

Left renal vein is much ______than the right

Answer 43

Longer

Question 44

What is a retroaortic left renal vein variation

Answer 44

Left renal vein travels posterior to aorta in some people

Question 45

The right gonadal vein connects to IVC directly, the left gonadal vein connects to ________ vein

Answer 45

Left renal

Question 46

Renal veins have ___ velocity and ____ flow

Answer 46

Low velocity, continuous flow

Question 47

What are common findings with iVC thrombosis

Answer 47

IVC enlargement, absence of flow, and material noted in lumen

Question 48

IVC filter is also known as

Answer 48

Greenfield IVC filter

Question 49

Tumors that infiltrate IVC are commonly associated with ______

Answer 49

Renal cell carcinoma, Wilms tumor, renal transitional cell carcinoma

Question 50

Right sided heart failure is the most common cause of _______

Answer 50

IVC obstruction

Question 51

The main portal vein is created by the union of which two veins

Answer 51

SMV and splenic vein

Question 52

What is the portal splenic confluence

Answer 52

Junction of the splenic vein, SMV, And possibly inferior mesenteric vein

Question 53

Normal flow in the main portal vein should be hepatopetal and monophasic. The portal vein should be less than ___mm in diameter

Answer 53

13

Question 54

The splenic vein is located ______ to pancreas body and tail

Answer 54

Posterior

Question 55

An arteriovenous fistula can result from

Answer 55

Puncture, trauma, or biopsy

Question 56

What are arteriovenous malformations (AVMs)

Answer 56

Direct communications between arteries and veins Can be congenital or caused by surgery malignancy or biopsy Turbulent flow will be seen