Chapter 13: Male Pelvis

Question 1

What is the main artery for blood supply to the testicles

Answer 1

Testicular artery

Question 2

What is the structure that drains venous blood from the testicles

Answer 2

Pampiniform plexus

Question 3

Scrotal wall thickness should measure between ___-___ mm

Answer 3

2-8

Question 4

Normal epididydimis head should measure

Answer 4

10-12mm

Question 5

Adult testicles should measure what in length

Answer 5

3-5cm

Question 6

What is polyorchidism

Answer 6

An extra testicle, mostly seen on the left side
El extra testicle has an increased risk for developing cancer

Question 7

What is orchiopexy

Answer 7

Surgical correction of an undescended testis

Question 8

What is the most common cancer found in an undescended testis

Answer 8

Seminoma

Question 9

Testicular torsion is most often seen in what ages

Answer 9

12-18 years

Question 10

What is the bell clapper deformity

Answer 10

Pt lacks the normal posterior fixation of the testis to the scrotal wall
So torsion is common in these cases

Question 11

What is intravaginal testicular torsion

Answer 11

Most common form of torsion
Testis twist inside the scrotum

Question 12

What is extravaginal testicular torsion

Answer 12

Occurs in the neonatal period of time and refers to spermatic cord torsion in the inguinal canal

Question 13

Pts suffering from testicular torsion are often awakened in the middle of the night because of the severe_____

Answer 13

Pain

Question 14

What are the sonographic findings of testicular torsion (acute)

Answer 14

Higher positioned testis laying horizontally
Enlarged testis with no vascularity
Reactive hydrocele
Thick scrotal wall

If chronic the only change would be hyperemic flow around the testis

Question 15

What is the most common cause of acute scrotal pain in puberty

Answer 15

Torsion of testicular appendages

Question 16

The calcification of a free floating testicular appendix after torsion will result in a scrotal ____

Answer 16

Pearl

Question 17

What is the blue dot sign

Answer 17

Appearance of a torsed testicular appendage as a blue dot on the skin

Question 18

Testicular appendages are said to be the remnants of what ducts

Answer 18

Mulleran duct
Wolffian duct
Mesophrenic duct

Question 19

What is a hydrocele

Answer 19

Simple fluid collection within the scrotum between the 2 layers of the tunica vaginalis
Can be idiopathic or reactive

Question 20

What is a spermatocele

Answer 20

Most common scrotal mass
Found in the epididyimis head

Question 21

What is a varicocele

Answer 21

Dilated group of veins (>2mm) within the scrotum caused by incompetent valves within pampiniform plexus
Excess blood can cause infertitily because sperm dies with high temperature

Question 22

Describe the primary type of varicocele

Answer 22

Found on the left side
Can be caused by elevated pressure due to extended length of left testicular vein
Also associated with nutcracker syndrome

Question 23

Describe the secondary type of varicocele

Answer 23

Found on the right side
Associated with RUQ problems like hepatic mass, hydronephrosis , etc

Question 24

What does a testicular abscess look like

Answer 24

Complex mass with no flow in the center but high flow around it

Question 25

Patients who have microlithiasis in one testis and a tumor in the other have a high risk of developing what

Answer 25

Cancer

Question 26

Multiple small intratesticular cysts are often seen along the _________ testis

Answer 26

Mediastinum

Question 27

Epidermis cysts within the testis often have what appearance

Answer 27

Onion skin look

Question 28

What are adrenal rests

Answer 28

Ectopic adrenal tissue that migrates to the testicles, most commonly seen near the mediastinum testis Bilat

Question 29

Adrenal rests are associated with what syndrome

Answer 29

Cushing syndrome

Question 30

Patients with adrenal rests will have increased levels of what hormone

Answer 30

Adrenocorticotropic

Question 31

Any intratesticular mass is considered _________ until proven otherwise

Answer 31

Malignant