chapter 9 Flashcards
______ is defined as physical or verbal behaviour intended to cause harm
aggression
the fact that frustration can lead to irritation instead of aggression in certain cases, and frustration increases aggressiveness, are results of the __________ theory.
frustration-aggression
true or false?
If our social environment is aggressive, then that aggression will be transmitted to new generations.
True
frustration-______ theory states that when we get frustrated it likely leads to ________.
aggression
aggression
_______ cues are often the release of pent-up anger, and the sight of a weapon is such a cue.
aggression
When children are exposed to the Bobo doll after they have observed an adult hit it with a mallet, they also hit it with a mallet. This is describing which experiment?
Bandura’s observational learning experiment
_______ often triggers a readiness to aggress, which is the basis of the first psychological theories of aggression
frustration
serial killers, child sexual abusers, and rapists all have been shown to have more ________ usage/exposure
pornography
_________ is a hormone that may have an influence on aggression
testosterone
________ occurs when we displace our hostilities onto someone or something else that is a safer target.
displacement
biochemical influences may include ______ as an influence to aggressive behaviours.
alcohol
when children have parents that use (physical/emotional) _________ aggression as a form of discipline, children often use the same type of behaviour in their interactions with others.
physical
when we find ourselves in a new situation and are unsure what to do, we often use ________ to help us know how to act
social scripts
Some psychologists recommend encouraging children to release emotional tension through aggressive play. This is an example of ______.
catharsis
reduction in self-awareness, focus on provocation, and the association of _____ with aggression can all be potentially brought out by _______
alcohol
drinking alcohol
As ______ has become widely available, there os evidence from correlational studies that it has contributed to aggression toward women
pornography
______ learning theory states that we learn aggression from observing others.
Social
A large debate among philosophers is that human nature is oriented such that we behave like noble ______ or brutes
savages
true or false?
pornography increases the acceptance of rape and rape-like violence
true
aggression is learned, therefore, there is hope that it can be _____.
unlearned
repeating an emotion-arousing stimulus such as aggression or violence over and over again can result in _______, or numb emotional response to the stimulus.
desensitization
research has shown that Canadian and American spectators of football, wrestling, and hockey matches exhibited _____ hostility after viewing the event than before.
more
Heavy TV watching of four or more hours a day creates ______ perceptions of the world around us.
altered
When a lady comes home and is frustrated with her boss, yet she takes it out on her children, she has just provided an example of _______.
displacement
when violent activities occur in a group, the reaction is to lose individual ______ and act as the group is acting
responsibility
If modelling and imitation through watching television is so prevalent with aggressive behaviours, the viewing of _______ behaviours (behaviours that are positive and helpful) is likely to be beneficial in
prosocial
_____ aggression springs from angel, and the goal is to injure, whereas ______ aggression aims to injure, but also as a means to some other end
hostile
instrumental
