Chapter 9

Question 1

What is motor behavior?

Answer 1

the study of how people learn, control, and develop motor skills

(The study of interactions of physiological and psychological processes of the body)

Question 2

Define motor control And examples

Answer 2

IT IS ALL PHYSIOLOGY. How the movement happens in the body is the focus

Examples: coordination

Question 2

Define motor development And examples

Answer 2

How your motor skills improve overtime as you grow up (maturation) and how you gain new skills

Examples: How you walk better as an adult than you did as a baby

Question 3

What did motor behavior focus on during its early years? And what about recent years?

Answer 3

Early years: Watching babies and see when they start walking, talking, holding on to stuff, reflexes, eating etc.

Recent years: Understanding maturation, focusing more on physical education, and how to improve a children’s motor behavior

Question 3

Define motor learning And examples

Answer 3

How someone learns skilled movements from practice or experience PSYCHOLOGY is involved A LOT

Examples: Learning to walk, learning to throw a ball

Question 4

What theory did Franklin M. Henry create?

Answer 4

The memory drum theory

Question 5

What did Galvani do?

Answer 5

Ran electricity through the body. He did experiments that resulted in the concept of bioelectricity

Question 5

What do parents need to do 6 months before they want to start trying to make a baby to have a healthy baby?

Answer 5

Need to exercise and eat healthy

Question 6

What are epigenetics in the prenatal stage?

Answer 6

Programming expression (environment) of inherited genes determines which genes are turned on or off

Question 6

What does the infancy stage focus on in the life span stages?

Answer 6

Focuses on motor behavior. When do they stand up, take steps, roll over, stuff like that

Question 7

What does the early childhood and later childhood focus on in the life span stages?

Answer 7

Really focuses on gaining coordination, diversity in sports and activities helps get coordination better

Question 8

What does the Adolescence stage focus on in the life span stages?

Answer 8

Continue to grow, body constantly changes and modifies. Need to adjust how you do things

Question 9

What is stimulus recognition in information processing?

Answer 9

Collection of information from the outside environment

Question 10

What does the adult and older adulthood stages focus on in the life span stages?

Answer 10

You need yo just continue to be active and maintain your health and you can be able to run as fast as you did at 18 when you are 62

Question 11

What is response selection in information processing?

Answer 11

What you do after you collect and process the information from the stimulus recognition

Question 12

What is response programming in information processing?

Answer 12

When you do the action after you have selected a response to do

Question 13

Define memory

Answer 13

Able to retain and recall facts and events and remember things from before

Question 14

What is Short-term sensory store?

Answer 14

the first stage of memory, where sensory information is stored and responds to short term memory to the outdoors which makes movements more accurate

Question 15

What is short-term memory? and an example

Answer 15

the ability to temporarily store and recall information for a short period of time, usually seconds or up to 30 seconds

Example: (recognizing when someone hits a tennis ball in the same way) When they hit it in a different way short memory doesn’t help us and takes us a little bit to adjust.

Question 16

What is contextual interference?

Answer 16

When you mix things up and practice different things in practice. It will take longer to master but you will perform better in games because you do different things.

Question 17

What is long-term memory?

Answer 17

Remember something for a long time. When you do something well and get aroused you will remember it for the longest time.

Question 18

What is variability of practice?

Answer 18

You learn a skill faster if you repeat it again and again BUT you will suck in games.

Question 19

What is summary knowledge of results?

Answer 19

Where you need to give new athletes feedback on how to do a certain thing so they know what to look for and how to do it and how it feels

Question 20

What is fading knowledge of results

Answer 20

Giving athletes less feedback to let them coach themselves since they know how their body feels while doing the exercise

Question 21

If you do easier tasks will the quality of your performance be good or poor?

Answer 21

Poor

Question 22

When should you give easier tasks for an individual to do?

Answer 22

NEW ATHLETES

Question 23

If you do harder tasks will the quality of your performance be good or poor?

Answer 23

Poor

Question 24

When should you give harder tasks for an individual to do?

Answer 24

A MORE EXPERIENCE ATHLETE

Question 25

To help someone learn a skill should you give them harder tasks or easier tasks?

Answer 25

You need to give the individual like a moderate difficulty task. You need to increase the difficulty so they can learn. But you can not increase it too much or the performance will be too poor. If it is too easy than the performance will be too poor as well.

Question 26

What do we need to understand about motor control?

Answer 26

Understanding how the nervous and muscular systems coordinate body movements

Question 27

What is the memory drum theory?

Answer 27

We have a memory drum in our body that is full of movements that we have learned before and we can pull them out and use them whenever we want.

Question 28

What level of involvement from the field of psychology or physiology exists within Motor Development?

Answer 28

PSYCHOLOGY is super heavily involved in motor development because there is so much neural development involved at a young age