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Foundations of Exercise Science > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is exercise psychology? And an example

A

How aerobic exercises effect our emotional responses (good or bad)

Example: When you exercise you are more happier

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2
Q

What is health psychology? And an example

A

Examining personality factors related to weight loss and Type A behavior patterns

Example: When your personality effects your weight loss program in a good way

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3
Q

What is sports psychology? And an example

A

Attentional factors related to performance, Your personality and characteristics lead to success in sports
Example: Having less anxiety but just enough to play super well in a game

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4
Q

What is rehabilitation psychology? And an example

A

It is when you use imagery and self-talk while recovery from an injury

Example: Imagining you will score a touchdown before a game. Positive talk to yourself

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5
Q

What did Norman Triplett study?

A

He published social facilitation. And put a pacer in a bike race and the racer with the pacer won the race

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6
Q

What is Coleman R. Griffith recognized as? and what did he do?

A

“Father of North American Sport Psychology”

He basically wrote halftime speeches to help athletes get more motivated

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7
Q

Define social-psychological factors
that influence individual behavior

A

It is looking at what influences an individual to want to be more active. FAMILY INFLUENCES THIS A LOT

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8
Q

Define Psychological effects that influence participation in exercise and sport

A

This is how exercise helps us mentally, socially and psychologically

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9
Q

Define enhancing the experiences of individuals before, during, and after participation in exercise and sport

A

Thi si by hyping them up pre game, saying good job to them during the game, and bringing their favorite treat after the game. IT REQUIRES A LOT OF COACHING

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10
Q

What does personality effect?

A

Behaviors that individuals do

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11
Q

What is the core of someones personality?

A

the psychological core

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12
Q

Define a typical response related to personality

A

( a response that an individual will always say or do while not thinking about it. Kind of like a mindless response)

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13
Q

Define Role-Related behaviors

A

We have different behaviors that we do based on our role that we are in

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14
Q

Does the social environment effect role-related behaviors, and typical responses?

A

YES

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15
Q

What is extrinsic motivation?

A

When there is an outward motivation like a trophy or money. Individuals do it for an external reward

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16
Q

What is intrinsic motivation?

A

It is inner motivation. Because the individual enjoys the process and gets pleasure and satisfaction from it. LOVE THEIR SPORT

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17
Q

What effects self efficacy? (7)

A
  • past performance
  • Vicarious experiences
  • Social persuasion
  • Physiological arousal
  • Behavior
  • Thoughts
  • Emotional reactions
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18
Q

What effects behavior, thoughts, and emotional reactions in regards to self efficacy? (4)

A
  • past performance
  • Vicarious experiences
  • Social persuasion
  • Physiological arousal
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19
Q

Define vicarious experiences

A

(seeing someone else do something and be successful so you think you can do it as well)

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20
Q

Define Social persuasion

A

(like I double dog dare you type of stuff. Being persuaded by peers and family to do something)

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21
Q

Define Physiological arousal

A

(When you get warmed up and hyped up kind of thing effects your self- efficacy

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22
Q

Define past performances

A

(How a past performance good or bad makes you feel about who you are based on the performance)

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23
Q

Define arousal

A

Where your physiological and psychological activity are heightened

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24
Q

Why is arousal so important?

A

Because it helps your body be more active and getting you prepped for an activity

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25
Q

Define the drive theory

A
  • Low arousal= poor quality of performance
  • High arousal = great quality of performance
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26
Q

What activities are best for Drive Theory? And what activities are not?

A

Doing something simple (like powerlifting) is the best for being super aroused BUT doing the balance beam and stuff that requires more focus then being super aroused isn’t the best

27
Q

Define the Yerkes Dodson Law (U hypothesis)

A

If you have no arousal during an activity you will perform badly.

If you have too much arousal during an activity you will perform badly.

YOU NEED TO HAVE THE RIGHT AMOUNT OF AROUSAL TO PERFORM AT YOUR BEST

28
Q

What is the individual zone of optimal functioning model?

A

Where every athlete has a different arousal/anxiety level where they perform their best

29
Q

An athlete that performs better in low anxiety/arousal situations. How should the coach react and coach them?

A

Create and calm and supportive environment for them so they can perform at their best

30
Q

An athlete that performs better in high anxiety/arousal situations. How should the coach react and coach them?

A

Yelling at them getting them hyped up, slapping them doing that kind of stuff to get them going

31
Q

Define attention

A

The ability to focus on a specific skill or activity

32
Q

What are the four components in regards to attention?

A
  • Focusing on the relevant clues in the environment
  • maintaining the attentional focus over time
  • having awareness of the situation
  • shifting attentional focuses when necessary
33
Q

Define anxiety

A

State of uneasiness related to future uncertainties

34
Q

What helps relieve anxiety (technique/therapy)

A

Breathing therapy

35
Q

Define depression

A

State of general emotional dejection ( feeling helpless)

36
Q

What is the leading cause of disability in the US?

A

Depression

37
Q

Define psychological well-being

A

State of where you have enhanced and improved psychological states

38
Q

Does more CO2 reduce anxiety attacks?

A

YES THEY DO

39
Q

If you exercise more what physiological factors increase and improve? (5) CHOOSE OUT OF THESE OPTIONS
- increases in cerebral blood flow
- changes in brain neurotransmitters
- increase in maximal oxygen consumption and delivery of oxygen to brain
- reduction in muscle tension
- structural changes in the brain
- enhanced feeling of control
- feeling of competency and self efficacy
- positive social interaction
- improved self concept and self esteem
- opportunities for fun and enjoyment

A
  • increases in cerebral blood flow
  • changes in brain neurotransmitters
  • increase in maximal oxygen consumption and delivery of oxygen to brain
  • reduction in muscle tension
  • structural changes in the brain
40
Q

If you exercise more what psychological factors increase and improve? (5) CHOOSE OUT OF THESE OPTIONS

  • increases in cerebral blood flow
  • changes in brain neurotransmitters
  • increase in maximal oxygen consumption and delivery of oxygen to brain
  • reduction in muscle tension
  • structural changes in the brain
  • enhanced feeling of control
  • feeling of competency and self efficacy
  • positive social interaction
  • improved self concept and self esteem
  • opportunities for fun and enjoyment
A
  • enhanced feeling of control
  • feeling of competency and self efficacy
  • positive social interaction
  • improved self concept and self esteem
  • opportunities for fun and enjoyment
40
Q

What does regular physical activity reduce? (3)

A
  • risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, high blood pressure, and coronary artery disease
  • Reduces risk of cancers (colorectal and breast cancer)
  • reduces stress and depression
41
Q

What is the health belief model?

A

Probability of an individual doing exercise depends on if they believe they have an illness and want to prevent the potential illness

41
Q

What is the social cognitive theory model?

A

Probability of an individual doing exercise depends on the personal, behavioral, and environmental factors

41
Q

What does regular physical activity increase? (2)

A
  • Promotes weight loss and maintaining healthy weight
  • increases self esteem
42
Q

How does chronic exercise effect an individual psychologically?

A

It can prevent and improve mild to moderate anxiety and depression (most people who have these)

42
Q

How does acute exercise effect an individual psychologically?

A

Can get benefits for 2 to 4 hours after exercise

42
Q

What is the theory of planned behavior/reasoned action model?

A

Probability of an individual doing exercise depends on the individuals attitude toward exercise

43
Q

What is the transtheoretical model?

A

The probability of an individual doing exercise depends on the stage of change the individual is in

44
Q

What is exercise adherence?

A

The ability to adopt a behavior and sticking to it and not quitting

45
Q

What are some examples of behavioral modification approaches in regards to improve exercise adherence?

A

To send texts and sign contracts

46
Q

What are some examples of Reinforcement approaches in regards to improve exercise adherence?

A

Taking attendance and participation, and rewarding attendance and participation

47
Q

What are some examples of Cognitive and Behavioral approaches in regards to improve exercise adherence?

A

Setting goals

48
Q

What are some examples of Decision-making approaches in regards to improve exercise adherence?

A

Decision balance sheet

49
Q

What are some examples of Social support approaches in regards to improve exercise adherence?

A

How you family and friends act and how they show you support

50
Q

What are some examples of Intrinsic approaches in regards to improve exercise adherence?

A

Focuses on the experience and making it a good one. Making it meaningful

51
Q

How do our feeling of efficacy develop? (4 things)

A
  1. Past performances
  2. Vicarious experiences
  3. Social persuasion
  4. Physiological arousal
52
Q

How does behavioral modification approaches boost adherence? And what type of people would you use this strategy on?

A

By providing prompts and sending messages to people.

Type of person: People who like reminders about things so they can get up and do them

53
Q

How does reinforcement approaches boost adherence? And what type of people would you use this strategy on?

A

Taking attendance and participation

Type of person: who likes to check boxes off and get awards for hitting their goals

54
Q

How does cognitive and behavioral approaches boost adherence? And what type of people would you use this strategy on?

A

Helping them improve their fitness by setting goals. Improve the individuals feeling about exercise.

type of person: The people who love to set goals and achieve goals

55
Q

How does decision making approaches boost adherence? And what type of people would you use this strategy on?

A

By helping the person see the pros and cons to exercising

Type of person: A person that likes to look at the pros and cons of things.

56
Q

How does social support approaches boost adherence? And what type of people would you use this strategy on?

A

Family and friends give the individual confidence to workout and encourages them

Type of person: who care about feedback from other people and want their approval

57
Q

How does intrinsic approaches boost adherence? And what type of people would you use this strategy on?

A

Helps the individual have more intrinsic motivation toward exercise

Type of person: Someone who thrives off intrinsic motivation. And love to learn from their experiences and get better.

58
Q

Mental health is effected by exercise in a positive way. How do these physiological factors effect/help your psychological factors? (match them)

PHYSIOLOGICAL FACTORS
- Increase in cerebral blood flow
- Changes in brain neurotransmitters
- Increases in maximal oxygen consumption and delivery of oxygen to the brain
- Reduction in muscle tension
- Structural changes in the brain

PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS
- enhanced feeling of control
- opportunities for fun and enjoyment
- improved self-concept- and self esteem
- positive social interactions
- feeling of competency and self-efficacy

A
  • Increase in cerebral blood flow (enhanced feeling of control)
  • Changes in brain neurotransmitters ( feeling of competency and self-efficacy)
  • Increases in maximal oxygen consumption and delivery of oxygen to the brain(Positive social interactions)
  • Reduction in muscle tension (Improved self-concept and self-esteem)
  • Structural changes in the brain (Opportunities for fun and enjoyment)
59
Q

Define social facilitation

A

If you change the original group that you are working out with, how does that effect the psychology of the individual athlete (tendency for people to perform better on tasks when others are present)

Foundations of Exercise Science (10 decks)

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