Chapter 9

Question 1

__________ theory claims that there is a small number of basic emotions

Answer 1

Discrete emotions

Question 2

______ emotions are innate

Answer 2

discrete

Question 3

a dimensional approach to studying emotions

Answer 3

continuous emotions

Question 4

________ approach to emotional development focuses on the adaptive function of emotions

Answer 4

functionalist

Question 5

Increases sociability and energy

Answer 5

Happiness

Question 6

Signals misbehaviour, which helps maintain group cohesion

Answer 6

guilt

Question 7

Signals potential threats, stimulates flight-or-flight response

Answer 7

fear

Question 8

The firing of brain regions like the amygdala, etc.

Answer 8

neural response

Question 9

Changes in heart rate, stress hormones, etc.

Answer 9

Physiological responses

Question 10

How we traditionally describe emotions - happiness, sadness, etc.

Answer 10

Subjective feelings

Question 11

Our thoughts or inner dialogue related to the experience

Answer 11

Cognitions

Question 12

Typically either approach or avoidance based

Answer 12

Desire to take action

Question 13

Facial expressions, gestures, etc (although these may not always be expressed)

Answer 13

Expressive behaviour

Question 14

Theorists who take a functionalist approach to understanding emotional development propose that emotions:

Answer 14

Promote action toward a goal

Question 15

____ is adaptive as it motivates us to move out of a situation that could cause danger

Answer 15

Fear

Question 16

______ helps protect the infant from crawling too far away from mom, which is important for survival

Answer 16

stranger wariness

Question 17

________ is anxiety specific about being apart from the primary caregiver

Answer 17

Separation anxiety

Question 18

the ______ study demonstrates that infants use social-referencing

Answer 18

Visual Cliff

Question 19

_______ emotions require a reflective capacity

Answer 19

self-conscious

Question 20

More likely to be experienced in response to the behaviours of others.

Answer 20

Collectivist Cultures

Question 21

More likely to be experienced in response to our own behaviours.

Answer 21

Individualist Cultures

Question 22

What describes a social smile?

Answer 22

Noah smiles when his dad talks to him

Question 23

_______ is a cognitive emotion regulation strategy that develops very early

Answer 23

Distraction

Question 24

_______ is a cognitive emotion regulation strategy that involves focusing attention on your distress

Answer 24

Rumination

Question 25

______ is a cognitive emotional regulation strategy that involves changing the way you think about an issue

Answer 25

reappraisal

Question 26

_______ is a behavioural emotional regulation strategy that involves focusing on our body’s response to powerful emotions

Answer 26

Relaxation

Question 27

_______ is behavioural emotion regulation that involves actively engaging with the emotion

Answer 27

Expressive engagement

Question 28

_______ is a behavioural emotion regulation strategy that involves inhibiting or suppressing one’s emotions

Answer 28

Expressive suppression

Question 29

Parents play an important role in helping their child develop their own emotion regulation strategies through effective _____________

Answer 29

Co-regulation

Question 30

_______ is closely linked to behavioural style and general arousal level

Answer 30

Temperament

Question 31

these infants are cheerful, easy to distract or soothe when upset, and are quick to establish routines

Answer 31

easy temperament

Question 32

these infants get upset easily, are hard to settle, and are slow to adjust to new experiences

Answer 32

difficult temperament

Question 33

these infants are somewhat difficult at first, but become easier over time

Answer 33

slow to warm up temperament

Question 34

children at the ______ are more likely to remain stable in their temperament

Answer 34

extremes