Chapter 4

Question 1

the principal method of human communication, consisting of words used in a structured

Answer 1

Language

Question 2

the imparting or exchanging of information or news

Answer 2

communication

Question 3

Language and communication are the same

Answer 3

false

Question 4

The 3 key features of language

Answer 4

Arbitrariness
Displacement
Generativity

Question 5

the sound of the word “chair” has nothing to do with an actual chair is an example of

Answer 5

Arbitrariness

Question 6

I can talk about the cake I ate last weekend (even though it isn’t actually here) is an example of

Answer 6

Displacement

Question 7

the potential to create an infinite number of sentences is an example of

Answer 7

Generativity

Question 8

Smallest speech sounds that indicate meaning

Answer 8

Phonemes

Question 9

The minimal meaningful unit of language

Answer 9

Morphemes

Question 10

The meaning system of language

Answer 10

Semantic

Question 11

The rules by which sentences are made

Answer 11

Syntax

Question 12

Encompasses syntax and morphology (forms of words)

Answer 12

Grammar

Question 13

The context of language

Answer 13

Pragmatics

Question 14

The ability to think about language and talk about it

Answer 14

Meta-linguistic knowledge

Question 15

associated with speech production and articulation

Answer 15

Broca’s area

Question 16

responsible for our ability to understand words

Answer 16

Wernicke’s area

Question 17

infants tuning to their native language and losing sensitivity to non-native speech

Answer 17

perceptual narrowing

Question 18

as we spell the word ‘fish’, we segment it into its three sounds, also known as phonemes is an example of

Answer 18

word segmentation

Question 19

the act or process of producing sounds with the voice

Answer 19

vocalizations

Question 20

Infants use _______ to initiate/maintain interactions

Answer 20

eye contact

Question 21

babies will start to understand speech even before they begin to speak

Answer 21

Pre-speech infants

Question 22

an infant appears to be experimenting with uttering articulate sounds, but does not yet produce any recognizable words

Answer 22

babbling

Question 23

use of a word in a broader context than is permissible in the adult language.

Answer 23

overextension

Question 24

not extending a word to something that is a valid example of that word

Answer 24

underextension

Question 25

using a single word to convey meaning

Answer 25

Holophrase

Question 26

Word composed of 2 or more free morphemes

Answer 26

Compound words

Question 27

children learn word meanings through a variety of ____________

Answer 27

social interactions

Question 28

the ability of children to learn new words very quickly and easily around age two

Answer 28

fast mapping

Question 29

the tendency to assume words refer to the whole object, not component parts

Answer 29

Whole object constraint

Question 30

the tendency for children to group words by labels instead of themes

Answer 30

Taxonomic constraint

Question 31

the tendency for children to believe that each object has only one label

Answer 31

Mutual exclusivity

Question 32

the _______ shows that even young children possess implicit knowledge of linguistic morphology

Answer 32

Wug test

Question 33

a grammatically simplified communication method

Answer 33

Pidgin language

Question 34

a language that forms as the blend of two or more languages

Answer 34

creole language

Question 35

the ability to comprehend an object simultaneously as the object itself and as a representation of something else

Answer 35

dual represenatation

Question 36

children’s object-inappropriate behaviour by misidentifying a miniature-sized object as normal in size

Answer 36

scale errors