Chapter 9 Flashcards
motivation
the force that moves people to behave, think and feel the way they do
instinct
an unlearned biological pattern of behavior that is assumed to be universal throughout a species
need
a deprivation that energizes the drive to eliminate or reduce the deprivation
drive
an aroused state that occurs because of a physiological need
homeostasis
the body’s tendency to maintain an equilibrium or steady state
yerkes-dodson law
performance is best under conditions of moderate arousal rather than high or low
sexual orientation
the direction of an individuals erotic interests
pansexual
a persons sexual attractions do not depend on the biological sex, gender, or gender identity of others
asexual
a person experiences a lack of sexual attraction to others
hierarchy of needs
maslows theory that human needs must be satisfied in this sequence: physiological needs, safety, love and belongingness, esteem and self actualization
self actualization
the motivation to develop ones full potential as a human being
self determination theory
all humans have three basic needs: competence, relatedness and autonomy
autonomy
the sense that we are in control of our own life
intrinsic motivation
motivation based on internal factors such as needs
extrinsic motivation
motivation that involves external incentives such as rewards and punishments
self regulation
the process in which an organism controls its behavior in order to pursue important objectives
emotion
feeling that can involve physiological arousal, conscious experience, and behavioral expression
james lange theory
emotion results from physiological states triggered by stimuli in the environment
cannon-bard theory
the proposition that emotion and physiological reaction occur simultaneously
two factor theory of emotion
schacter and singer; emotion is determined by two factors: physiological arousal and cognitive labeling
facial feedback hypothesis
facial expressions can influence emotions and reflect them
display rules
sociocultural standards that determine when, where, and how emotions should be expressed
valence
refers to whether it feels pleasant or unpleasant
arousal
the degree to which the emotion is reflective in the person being active or excited versus passive or calm
