Chapter 8 Test

Question 1

instinct

Answer 1

complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned.

Question 2

drive

Answer 2

What motivates people to act certain ways

Question 3

incentives

Answer 3

a positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior.

Question 4

Arousal theory of motivation: apply

Answer 4

Arousal theory states that we seek an optimum level of arousal, differs from person to person.

Apply?

Question 5

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

Answer 5

some needs are more important than others.

self-actualization

esteem

love and belonging

safety

physiological needs

Question 6

insulin

Answer 6

a hormone produced in the pancreas by the islets of Langerhans that regulates the amount of glucose in the blood. The lack of insulin causes a form of diabetes.

Question 7

blood glucose

Answer 7

blood glucose level is the amount of glucose in the blood.Glucose is a sugar that comes from the foods we eat, and it’s also formed and stored inside the body. It’s the main source of energy for the cells of our body, and it’s carried to each cell through the bloodstream.

Question 8

??? Basal metabolic rate and how it rises/falls

Question 9

Influence of culture on preferences

Answer 9

e.g. what you grew up eating influences food cravings you have (like Bedouins eating camel eyes)

Question 10

Anorexia—apply

Answer 10

When a person stops eating and becomes underweight (15% or more) but keeps dieting because he/she thinks they are fat.

Question 11

Weight and gender discrimination

Answer 11

?

People dislike people because of their gender or their weight?

Question 12

Genetic and environmental influences on body weight

Answer 12

Environmental- junk food, fast food, no physical activity, family drives everywhere

Genetic- if your parents are fat then you might be

Question 13

?? Dieting and alcohol consumption

Answer 13

no

Question 14

Sexual drive and menstrual cycles

Answer 14

sexual drive is peaked during the ovulation stage of the menstrual cycle

Question 15

Amygdala and arousal

Answer 15

Amygdala is the integrative center for emotions, emotional behavior, and motivation.

Question 16

Guilty knowledge test: define

Answer 16

a psychophysiological questioning technique that can be used as part of a polygraph examination which purports to assess whether suspects conceal “guilty knowledge” by measuring their physiological responses while responding to a series of multiple choice questions.

Question 17

Zajonc’s theory of emotion

Answer 17

Some emotional responses occur instantly, we feel before we think

Question 18

What part of the face is most emotionally expressive?

Answer 18

the eyes- window to the soul

Question 19

Nonverbal indicators of emotion

Answer 19

primarily facial expressions and gestures

Question 20

Lying and facial detection

Answer 20

most people are not very good at it, but some are quite good (usually introverts)

Question 21

Carroll Izard’s theory of basic emotions

Answer 21

Carroll Izard identified ten primary emotions: fear, anger, shame, contempt, disgust, guilt, distress, interest, surprise, and joy—emotions that cannot be reduced to more basic emotions but that can be combined to produce other emotions.

Question 22

Fear and adaptation—apply

Answer 22

we learn to fear injury, punishment, etc. which keeps us from hurting each other, helps us to focus,

this conditioning allows us to try our best to be safe

Question 23

Evolutionary perspective—define/apply

Answer 23

fears like heights and snakes have been passed down from our ancestors who had to fear such things

Question 24

What chemical activates amygdala neurons

Answer 24

serotonin

Question 25

Catharsis hypothesis—define

Answer 25

emotional release. In psychology, the catharsis hypothesis maintains that "releasing" aggressive energy (through action or fantasy) relieves aggressive urges.

Question 26

Feel good do good phenomenon

Answer 26

When you feel good and then do something good, example- holding the door open for someone after you just did well on a test

Question 27

Adaptation level phenomenon

Answer 27

Our tendency to form judgements, relative to neutral level defined by our prior experience

Question 28

Relative deprivation

Answer 28

The perception that one is worse off relative to those whom one compares oneself Example- when you do poorly on a test when a friend does well, you feel worse off than them because they did better than you.

Question 29

Behavioral medicine—define

Answer 29

integrates behavioral and medical knowledge and applies that knowledge with health and disease.

Question 30

“tend and befriend” response

Answer 30

hypothesized stress response reaction that prompts humans to protect their own children, other children, people who are hurt or vulnerable, and to join humanitarian-oriented social groups that are intended to reduce human suffering. This often viewed as a type of altruism that is believed to be more associated with women, and is believed to be the reason behind the female tendency to use friendship and peaceful techniques to solve problems rather than force.

Question 31

Stress moderating hormone released by cuddling

Answer 31

oxytocin

Question 32

type a type b

Answer 32

a-- uptight and annoying- higher risk for heart attacks Type B- relaxed and chill

Question 34

# reversed complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned.

Answer 34

instinct

Question 35

# reversed What motivates people to act certain ways

Answer 35

drive

Question 36

# reversed a positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior.

Answer 36

incentives

Question 37

# reversed Arousal theory states that we seek an optimum level of arousal, differs from person to person. Apply?

Answer 37

Arousal theory of motivation: apply

Question 38

# reversed some needs are more important than others. self-actualization esteem love and belonging safety physiological needs

Answer 38

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

Question 39

# reversed a hormone produced in the pancreas by the islets of Langerhans that regulates the amount of glucose in the blood. The lack of insulin causes a form of diabetes.

Answer 39

insulin

Question 40

# reversed blood glucose level is the amount of glucose in the blood.Glucose is a sugar that comes from the foods we eat, and it's also formed and stored inside the body. It's the main source of energy for the cells of our body, and it's carried to each cell through the bloodstream.

Answer 40

blood glucose

Answer 41

??? Basal metabolic rate and how it rises/falls

Question 42

# reversed e.g. what you grew up eating influences food cravings you have (like Bedouins eating camel eyes)

Answer 42

Influence of culture on preferences

Question 43

# reversed When a person stops eating and becomes underweight (15% or more) but keeps dieting because he/she thinks they are fat.

Answer 43

Anorexia—apply

Question 44

# reversed ? People dislike people because of their gender or their weight?

Answer 44

Weight and gender discrimination

Question 45

# reversed Environmental- junk food, fast food, no physical activity, family drives everywhere Genetic- if your parents are fat then you might be

Answer 45

Genetic and environmental influences on body weight

Question 46

# reversed no

Answer 46

?? Dieting and alcohol consumption

Question 47

# reversed sexual drive is peaked during the ovulation stage of the menstrual cycle

Answer 47

Sexual drive and menstrual cycles

Question 48

# reversed Amygdala is the integrative center for emotions, emotional behavior, and motivation.

Answer 48

Amygdala and arousal

Question 49

# reversed a psychophysiological questioning technique that can be used as part of a polygraph examination which purports to assess whether suspects conceal “guilty knowledge” by measuring their physiological responses while responding to a series of multiple choice questions.

Answer 49

Guilty knowledge test: define

Question 50

# reversed Some emotional responses occur instantly, we feel before we think

Answer 50

Zajonc’s theory of emotion

Question 51

# reversed the eyes- window to the soul

Answer 51

What part of the face is most emotionally expressive?

Question 52

# reversed primarily facial expressions and gestures

Answer 52

Nonverbal indicators of emotion

Question 53

# reversed most people are not very good at it, but some are quite good (usually introverts)

Answer 53

Lying and facial detection

Question 54

# reversed Carroll Izard identified ten primary emotions: fear, anger, shame, contempt, disgust, guilt, distress, interest, surprise, and joy—emotions that cannot be reduced to more basic emotions but that can be combined to produce other emotions.

Answer 54

Carroll Izard’s theory of basic emotions

Question 55

# reversed we learn to fear injury, punishment, etc. which keeps us from hurting each other, helps us to focus, this conditioning allows us to try our best to be safe

Answer 55

Fear and adaptation—apply

Question 56

# reversed fears like heights and snakes have been passed down from our ancestors who had to fear such things

Answer 56

Evolutionary perspective—define/apply

Question 57

# reversed serotonin

Answer 57

What chemical activates amygdala neurons

Question 58

# reversed emotional release. In psychology, the catharsis hypothesis maintains that "releasing" aggressive energy (through action or fantasy) relieves aggressive urges.

Answer 58

Catharsis hypothesis—define

Question 59

# reversed When you feel good and then do something good, example- holding the door open for someone after you just did well on a test

Answer 59

Feel good do good phenomenon

Question 60

# reversed Our tendency to form judgements, relative to neutral level defined by our prior experience

Answer 60

Adaptation level phenomenon

Question 61

# reversed The perception that one is worse off relative to those whom one compares oneself Example- when you do poorly on a test when a friend does well, you feel worse off than them because they did better than you.

Answer 61

Relative deprivation

Question 62

# reversed integrates behavioral and medical knowledge and applies that knowledge with health and disease.

Answer 62

Behavioral medicine—define

Question 63

# reversed hypothesized stress response reaction that prompts humans to protect their own children, other children, people who are hurt or vulnerable, and to join humanitarian-oriented social groups that are intended to reduce human suffering. This often viewed as a type of altruism that is believed to be more associated with women, and is believed to be the reason behind the female tendency to use friendship and peaceful techniques to solve problems rather than force.

Answer 63

“tend and befriend” response

Question 64

# reversed oxytocin

Answer 64

Stress moderating hormone released by cuddling

Question 65

# reversed a-- uptight and annoying- higher risk for heart attacks Type B- relaxed and chill

Answer 65

type a type b