8B Vocab Flashcards
emotion
a response of the whole organism, involving (1) physiological arousal, (2) expressive behaviors, and (3) conscious experience.
James-Lange Theory
the theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli. (p. 367)
Cannon-Bard theory
the theory that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers (1) physiological responses and (2) the subjective experience of emotion.
two-factor theory
the Schachter-Singer theory that to experience emotion one must (1) be physically aroused and (2) cognitively label the arousal.
polygraph
a machine, commonly used in attempts to detect lies, that measures several of the physiological responses accompanying emotion (such as perspiration and cardiovascular and breathing changes).
facial feedback
the effect of facial expressions on experienced emotions, as when a facial expression of anger or happiness intensifies feelings of anger or happiness.
catharsis
emotional release. The catharsis hypothesis maintains that “releasing” aggressive energy (through action or fantasy) relieves aggressive urges. (p. 388)
feel good do good phenomenon
people’s tendency to be helpful when already in a good mood. (p. 390)
well being
self-perceived happiness or satisfaction with life. Used along with measures of objective well-being (for example, physical and economic indicators) to evaluate people’s quality of life.
adaptation level phenomenon
our tendency to form judgments (of sounds, of lights, of income) relative to a neutral level defined by our prior experience. (p. 394)
relative deprivation
the perception that we are worse off relative to those with whom we compare ourselves. (p. 394)
behavioral medicine
an interdisciplinary field that integrates behavioral and medical knowledge and applies that knowledge to health and disease. (p. 397)
health psychology
a subfield of psychology that provides psychology’s contribution to behavioral medicine. (p. 397)
stress
the process by which we perceive and respond to certain events, called stressors, that we appraise as threatening or challenging. (p. 397)
general adaptation syndrome (GAS)
Selye’s concept of the body’s adaptive response to stress in three phases—alarm, resistance, exhaustion. (p. 399)
coronary heart disease
the clogging of the vessels that nourish the heart muscle; the leading cause of death in many developed countries. (p. 401)
type A
Friedman and Rosenman’s term for competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger-prone people. (p. 402)
type B
Friedman and Rosenman’s term for easygoing, relaxed people. (p. 402)
psychophysiological illness
literally, “mind-body” illness; any stress-related physical illness, such as hypertension and some headaches. (p. 403)
psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)
the study of how psychological, neural, and endocrine processes together affect the immune system and resulting health. (p. 403)
lymphocytes
the two types of white blood cells that are part of the body’s immune system B lymphocytes form in the bone marrow and release antibodies that fight bacterial infections; T lymphocytes form in the thymus and other lymphatic tissue and attack cancer cells, viruses, and foreign substances. (p. 403)
reversed
a response of the whole organism, involving (1) physiological arousal, (2) expressive behaviors, and (3) conscious experience.
emotion
reversed
the theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli. (p. 367)
James-Lange Theory
reversed
the theory that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers (1) physiological responses and (2) the subjective experience of emotion.
Cannon-Bard theory
reversed
the Schachter-Singer theory that to experience emotion one must (1) be physically aroused and (2) cognitively label the arousal.
two-factor theory
reversed
a machine, commonly used in attempts to detect lies, that measures several of the physiological responses accompanying emotion (such as perspiration and cardiovascular and breathing changes).
polygraph
reversed
the effect of facial expressions on experienced emotions, as when a facial expression of anger or happiness intensifies feelings of anger or happiness.
facial feedback
reversed
emotional release. The catharsis hypothesis maintains that “releasing” aggressive energy (through action or fantasy) relieves aggressive urges. (p. 388)
catharsis
reversed
people’s tendency to be helpful when already in a good mood. (p. 390)
feel good do good phenomenon
reversed
self-perceived happiness or satisfaction with life. Used along with measures of objective well-being (for example, physical and economic indicators) to evaluate people’s quality of life.
well being
reversed
our tendency to form judgments (of sounds, of lights, of income) relative to a neutral level defined by our prior experience. (p. 394)
adaptation level phenomenon
reversed
the perception that we are worse off relative to those with whom we compare ourselves. (p. 394)
relative deprivation
reversed
an interdisciplinary field that integrates behavioral and medical knowledge and applies that knowledge to health and disease. (p. 397)
behavioral medicine
reversed
a subfield of psychology that provides psychology’s contribution to behavioral medicine. (p. 397)
health psychology
reversed
the process by which we perceive and respond to certain events, called stressors, that we appraise as threatening or challenging. (p. 397)
stress
reversed
Selye’s concept of the body’s adaptive response to stress in three phases—alarm, resistance, exhaustion. (p. 399)
general adaptation syndrome (GAS)
reversed
the clogging of the vessels that nourish the heart muscle; the leading cause of death in many developed countries. (p. 401)
coronary heart disease
reversed
Friedman and Rosenman’s term for competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger-prone people. (p. 402)
type A
reversed
Friedman and Rosenman’s term for easygoing, relaxed people. (p. 402)
type B
reversed
literally, “mind-body” illness; any stress-related physical illness, such as hypertension and some headaches. (p. 403)
psychophysiological illness
reversed
the study of how psychological, neural, and endocrine processes together affect the immune system and resulting health. (p. 403)
psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)
reversed
the two types of white blood cells that are part of the body’s immune system B lymphocytes form in the bone marrow and release antibodies that fight bacterial infections; T lymphocytes form in the thymus and other lymphatic tissue and attack cancer cells, viruses, and foreign substances. (p. 403)
lymphocytes
