8B Vocab

Question 1

emotion

Answer 1

a response of the whole organism, involving (1) physiological arousal, (2) expressive behaviors, and (3) conscious experience.

Question 2

James-Lange Theory

Answer 2

the theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli. (p. 367)

Question 3

Cannon-Bard theory

Answer 3

the theory that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers (1) physiological responses and (2) the subjective experience of emotion.

Question 4

two-factor theory

Answer 4

the Schachter-Singer theory that to experience emotion one must (1) be physically aroused and (2) cognitively label the arousal.

Question 5

polygraph

Answer 5

a machine, commonly used in attempts to detect lies, that measures several of the physiological responses accompanying emotion (such as perspiration and cardiovascular and breathing changes).

Question 6

facial feedback

Answer 6

the effect of facial expressions on experienced emotions, as when a facial expression of anger or happiness intensifies feelings of anger or happiness.

Question 7

catharsis

Answer 7

emotional release. The catharsis hypothesis maintains that “releasing” aggressive energy (through action or fantasy) relieves aggressive urges. (p. 388)

Question 8

feel good do good phenomenon

Answer 8

people’s tendency to be helpful when already in a good mood. (p. 390)

Question 9

well being

Answer 9

self-perceived happiness or satisfaction with life. Used along with measures of objective well-being (for example, physical and economic indicators) to evaluate people’s quality of life.

Question 10

adaptation level phenomenon

Answer 10

our tendency to form judgments (of sounds, of lights, of income) relative to a neutral level defined by our prior experience. (p. 394)

Question 11

relative deprivation

Answer 11

the perception that we are worse off relative to those with whom we compare ourselves. (p. 394)

Question 12

behavioral medicine

Answer 12

an interdisciplinary field that integrates behavioral and medical knowledge and applies that knowledge to health and disease. (p. 397)

Question 13

health psychology

Answer 13

a subfield of psychology that provides psychology’s contribution to behavioral medicine. (p. 397)

Question 14

stress

Answer 14

the process by which we perceive and respond to certain events, called stressors, that we appraise as threatening or challenging. (p. 397)

Question 15

general adaptation syndrome (GAS)

Answer 15

Selye’s concept of the body’s adaptive response to stress in three phases—alarm, resistance, exhaustion. (p. 399)

Question 16

coronary heart disease

Answer 16

the clogging of the vessels that nourish the heart muscle; the leading cause of death in many developed countries. (p. 401)

Question 17

type A

Answer 17

Friedman and Rosenman’s term for competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger-prone people. (p. 402)

Question 18

type B

Answer 18

Friedman and Rosenman’s term for easygoing, relaxed people. (p. 402)

Question 19

psychophysiological illness

Answer 19

literally, “mind-body” illness; any stress-related physical illness, such as hypertension and some headaches. (p. 403)

Question 20

psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)

Answer 20

the study of how psychological, neural, and endocrine processes together affect the immune system and resulting health. (p. 403)

Question 21

lymphocytes

Answer 21

the two types of white blood cells that are part of the body’s immune system B lymphocytes form in the bone marrow and release antibodies that fight bacterial infections; T lymphocytes form in the thymus and other lymphatic tissue and attack cancer cells, viruses, and foreign substances. (p. 403)

Question 22

reversed

a response of the whole organism, involving (1) physiological arousal, (2) expressive behaviors, and (3) conscious experience.

Answer 22

emotion

Question 23

reversed

the theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli. (p. 367)

Answer 23

James-Lange Theory

Question 24

reversed

the theory that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers (1) physiological responses and (2) the subjective experience of emotion.

Answer 24

Cannon-Bard theory

Question 25

reversed

the Schachter-Singer theory that to experience emotion one must (1) be physically aroused and (2) cognitively label the arousal.

Answer 25

two-factor theory

Question 26

reversed

a machine, commonly used in attempts to detect lies, that measures several of the physiological responses accompanying emotion (such as perspiration and cardiovascular and breathing changes).

Answer 26

polygraph

Question 27

reversed

the effect of facial expressions on experienced emotions, as when a facial expression of anger or happiness intensifies feelings of anger or happiness.

Answer 27

facial feedback

Question 28

reversed

emotional release. The catharsis hypothesis maintains that “releasing” aggressive energy (through action or fantasy) relieves aggressive urges. (p. 388)

Answer 28

catharsis

Question 29

reversed

people’s tendency to be helpful when already in a good mood. (p. 390)

Answer 29

feel good do good phenomenon

Question 30

reversed

self-perceived happiness or satisfaction with life. Used along with measures of objective well-being (for example, physical and economic indicators) to evaluate people’s quality of life.

Answer 30

well being

Question 31

reversed

our tendency to form judgments (of sounds, of lights, of income) relative to a neutral level defined by our prior experience. (p. 394)

Answer 31

adaptation level phenomenon

Question 32

reversed

the perception that we are worse off relative to those with whom we compare ourselves. (p. 394)

Answer 32

relative deprivation

Question 33

reversed

an interdisciplinary field that integrates behavioral and medical knowledge and applies that knowledge to health and disease. (p. 397)

Answer 33

behavioral medicine

Question 34

reversed

a subfield of psychology that provides psychology’s contribution to behavioral medicine. (p. 397)

Answer 34

health psychology

Question 35

reversed

the process by which we perceive and respond to certain events, called stressors, that we appraise as threatening or challenging. (p. 397)

Answer 35

stress

Question 36

reversed

Selye’s concept of the body’s adaptive response to stress in three phases—alarm, resistance, exhaustion. (p. 399)

Answer 36

general adaptation syndrome (GAS)

Question 37

reversed

the clogging of the vessels that nourish the heart muscle; the leading cause of death in many developed countries. (p. 401)

Answer 37

coronary heart disease

Question 38

reversed

Friedman and Rosenman’s term for competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger-prone people. (p. 402)

Answer 38

type A

Question 39

reversed

Friedman and Rosenman’s term for easygoing, relaxed people. (p. 402)

Answer 39

type B

Question 40

reversed

literally, “mind-body” illness; any stress-related physical illness, such as hypertension and some headaches. (p. 403)

Answer 40

psychophysiological illness

Question 41

reversed

the study of how psychological, neural, and endocrine processes together affect the immune system and resulting health. (p. 403)

Answer 41

psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)

Question 42

reversed

the two types of white blood cells that are part of the body’s immune system B lymphocytes form in the bone marrow and release antibodies that fight bacterial infections; T lymphocytes form in the thymus and other lymphatic tissue and attack cancer cells, viruses, and foreign substances. (p. 403)

Answer 42

lymphocytes