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Anat and Phys - Carter > Chapter 8: Special Senses > Flashcards

Chapter 8: Special Senses Flashcards

1
Q

What is the meibomian glands

A

Modified sebaceous glands produce an oily secretion to lubricate the eye

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2
Q

What is the function of the ciliary glands

A

modified sweat glands between the eyelashes

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3
Q

what is the conjunctiva

A

membrane that lines the eyelids, connects to the surface of the eye, SECRETES MUCUS TO LUBRICATE THE EYE

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4
Q

what does the lacrimal apparatus contain

A

lacrimal gland, canals, sac, and nasolacrimal duct

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5
Q

What is the lacrimal gland

A

produces lacrimal fluid

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6
Q

What is the lacrimal canals

A

Drains lacrimal fluid from the eyes

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7
Q

what is the lacrimal sac

A

Provides passage of lacrimal fluid towards nasal cavity

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8
Q

what is the nasolacrimal duct

A

empties lacrimal fluid into the nasal cavity

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9
Q

what is the function of the lacrimal apparatus

A

protects, moistens, and lubricates the eye

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10
Q

What are the 3 tunics of the eyes

A

Fibrous tunic, choroid, and sensory tunic

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11
Q

What layer is the fibrous tunic (sclera)

A

outside layer

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12
Q

What layer is the choroid

A

Middle Layer

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13
Q

What layer is the sensory tunic

A

the inside layer

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14
Q

What is the sclera

A

white connective tissue layer (white of the eye)

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15
Q

What is the function of the cornea? What does it cover?

A

Allows for light to pass through it, covers iris and pupil

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16
Q

What is the ciliary body

A

smooth muscle to which the lens is attached

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17
Q

what is the iris

A

pigmented layer that gives eye color

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18
Q

what is the pupil

A

rounded opening in the iris for light to enter

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19
Q

what is the characteristic of the choroid layer

A

blood rich nutritive tunic

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20
Q

What are the receptor cells found in the sensory tunic

A

rods and cones

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21
Q

What are the characteristics of rods

A

found towards the edges of the retina, allows dim light vision and peripheral vision, perception in all gray tones

22
Q

What are the characteristics of cones

A

Allow for detailed color vision in bight light

23
Q

are there photoreceptor cells at the optic disc

A

no

24
Q

what is the fovea centralis

A

area of the retina with only cones - lateral to each blind spot

25
Q

What is the result of a lacking cone type

A

color blindness

26
Q

What is the aqueous humor

A

watery fluid found in chamber between the lense and cornea, provides nutrients for the lens and cornea, similar to blood plasma

27
Q

what is the vitreous humor

A

Keeps the eye from collapsing inward, lasts a lifetime

28
Q

cateracts

A

hard forms over the lens

29
Q

lens accommodation

A

eye focuses (done by lenses), change shape to focus for closer objects

30
Q

What are the two major functions of the ear

A

to hear and balance

31
Q

What is the most important receptor

A

mechanical receptors

32
Q

what are the 3 parts of the ear

A

outer (external) ear, middle ear, Inner (internal)

33
Q

What are the outer and middle ear’s only function

A

hearing

34
Q

what 2 things are the inner ear responsible for

A

hearing and balance

35
Q

What are the 2 parts of the outer ear

A

Pinna (auricle) and external auditory canal

36
Q

Why is the pinna important

A

the physical ear, allows for the sound to go into the ear

37
Q

What is the technical term for earwax

A

cerumen

38
Q

What is the function of the ceruminous gland

A

secrete earwax

39
Q

what is the external auditory canal line with

A

skin

40
Q

What are the 3 middle ear bones

A

Malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), Stupes (stirrup)

41
Q

What is the cochlea responsible for

A

hearing

42
Q

what are the vestibule and semicircle canals responsible for

A

Balance

43
Q

What is static equilibrium

A

report on the position of the head with respect to gravity - determines up and down

44
Q

What is the osseous filled with plasma-like fluid

A

perilymph

45
Q

What is inside membranous labyrinth that contains a thicker fluid

A

endolymph

46
Q

Where is the organ of corti

A

in the cochlea

47
Q

What is the function of hair cells and why are they hairs

A

hearing receptors and they increase surface area

48
Q

What are otoliths

A

tiny stones, float in a gel around hair cells

49
Q

what is the crista ampullaris

A

receptors in the semicircular canals

50
Q

what is the cupula

A

gelatinous cap that covers hair cells

51
Q

what is dynamic equilibrium

A

receptors that respond to angular/rotatory movements of the head

Anat and Phys - Carter (15 decks)

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