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Anat and Phys - Carter > Chapter 5: Skeletal System - Test Review > Flashcards

Chapter 5: Skeletal System - Test Review Flashcards

1
Q

What are the minerals stored in the bones

A

Phosphorus and calcium

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2
Q

What is the function of phosphorus

A
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3
Q

What is the function of calcium

A
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4
Q

What are the 4 types of bones

A

Short, long, irregular, flat

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5
Q

What is an example of a short bone

A

Carpals and tarsals

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6
Q

What is an example of a long bone

A

Femur, tibula, fibula

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7
Q

What is an example of an irregular bone

A

vertebrae and hip bones

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8
Q

What is an example of a flat bone

A

Ribs, sternum, skull

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9
Q

What are the sharpey’s fibers

A

Secure the periosteum to the underlying bone

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10
Q

What is the function of yellow marrow

A

It is mostly fat so it provides energy

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11
Q

What is the function of red marrow and where can it be found in adults

A

confined in cavities in the spongy bone of flat bones and the epiphysis of some bones - blood cell formation

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12
Q

What is blood cell formation called

A
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13
Q

What are the 2 types of bone

A

Spongy and compact

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14
Q

Where is compact bone found

A

Diaphysis

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15
Q

Where is spongy bone found

A

epiphyses

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16
Q

What is the epiphyseal line

A

thin line of bony tissue spanning hte epiphysis that looks a bit different from the rest of the bone in that area

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17
Q

What is the epiphyseal plate

A

A flat plate of hyaline cartilage seen in young growing bones - cause lengthwise growth

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18
Q

What are the holes in bones called?

A

Foramen

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19
Q

What are the bone forming cells called

A

Osteoblasts

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20
Q

What are the bone cells called

A

Osteocytes

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21
Q

What are the bone destroying cells called

A

Osteoclasts

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22
Q

What are the lacunae

A

Cavities containing bone cells - arranged in concentric rings

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23
Q

What are the 5 types of bone fractures

A

compound, simple, communative, impressive, greenstick

24
Q

Where are osteons located

A

Central canal

25
Q

What are the volkman canals

A

communication path from outside to inside

26
Q

What are the lamellae

A

Rings around the central canal - sites of lacuane

27
Q

What is the canaliculi

A

tiny canals that radiate from the central canal to lacuane, form of transport system

28
Q

What is the first step in bone fracture healing

A

Hematoma is formed

29
Q

What is the second step in the bone fracture healing

A

Break is splinted by fibrocartilage to form a callus

30
Q

What is the third step in the bone fracture healing

A

fibrocartilage callus is replaced by a bony callus

31
Q

What is the fourth step in the bone fracture healing

A

Bony callus is remodeled into a permanent patch

32
Q

What is the axial skeleton

A

The longitudinal part of the body

33
Q

What are the three parts of the axial skeleton

A

skull, vertebral column, bony thorax

34
Q

What are paranasal sinuses

A

hollow portions of bones surrounding the nasal cavity

35
Q

Function of the paranasal sinuses

A

lighten the skull, give resonance and amplification to voice

36
Q

What is special about the hyoid bone

A

Only bone not associated with another bone, gives us the ability to talk

37
Q

What is in the appendicular skeleton

A

limbs, pectoral girdle and pelvic girdle

38
Q

What are the 2 functions of the joints

A

hold bones together and to allow mobility

39
Q

What 2 ways are joints classified as

A

functionally and structurally

40
Q

What are the functional classifications of joints

A

synarthroses, Amphiarthroses, Diarthroses

41
Q

What are the structural classifications of joints

A

fibrous, Cartilaginous, Synovial

42
Q

What movement does amphiarthroses have

A

slightly moveable

43
Q

What movement does synarthroses have

A

immovable joints

44
Q

What movement does diarthroses have

A

freely moveable

45
Q

What movement does fibrous joints have

A

generally immovable

46
Q

What movement does cartilaginous joints have

A

immovable or slightly moveable

47
Q

What movement does synovial joints have

A

freely moveable

48
Q

What are examples of fibrous joints

A

sutures and Syndesmoses

49
Q

what are examples of cartilaginous joints

A

pubic symphysis and invertebral joints

50
Q

Where is a plane joint found

A

intercarpal and intertarsal

51
Q

where is a hinge joint found

A

elbow joint, ankle joint, joint between the phlanges

52
Q

Where is a pivot joint found

A

proximal joint between radius and the ulna

53
Q

Where are condylar joints found

A

knuckles

54
Q

Where are the saddle joints found

A

in your thumbs, between carpals and metacarpals

55
Q

Where are ball and socket joints found

A

Shoulder/hip

56
Q

What is the parathyroid hormone

A

regulates calcium

Anat and Phys - Carter (15 decks)

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