Chapter 5: Skeletal System - Test Review

Question 1

What are the minerals stored in the bones

Answer 1

Phosphorus and calcium

Question 2

What is the function of phosphorus

Question 3

What is the function of calcium

Question 4

What are the 4 types of bones

Answer 4

Short, long, irregular, flat

Question 5

What is an example of a short bone

Answer 5

Carpals and tarsals

Question 6

What is an example of a long bone

Answer 6

Femur, tibula, fibula

Question 7

What is an example of an irregular bone

Answer 7

vertebrae and hip bones

Question 8

What is an example of a flat bone

Answer 8

Ribs, sternum, skull

Question 9

What are the sharpey’s fibers

Answer 9

Secure the periosteum to the underlying bone

Question 10

What is the function of yellow marrow

Answer 10

It is mostly fat so it provides energy

Question 11

What is the function of red marrow and where can it be found in adults

Answer 11

confined in cavities in the spongy bone of flat bones and the epiphysis of some bones - blood cell formation

Question 12

What is blood cell formation called

Question 13

What are the 2 types of bone

Answer 13

Spongy and compact

Question 14

Where is compact bone found

Answer 14

Diaphysis

Question 15

Where is spongy bone found

Answer 15

epiphyses

Question 16

What is the epiphyseal line

Answer 16

thin line of bony tissue spanning hte epiphysis that looks a bit different from the rest of the bone in that area

Question 17

What is the epiphyseal plate

Answer 17

A flat plate of hyaline cartilage seen in young growing bones - cause lengthwise growth

Question 18

What are the holes in bones called?

Answer 18

Foramen

Question 19

What are the bone forming cells called

Answer 19

Osteoblasts

Question 20

What are the bone cells called

Answer 20

Osteocytes

Question 21

What are the bone destroying cells called

Answer 21

Osteoclasts

Question 22

What are the lacunae

Answer 22

Cavities containing bone cells - arranged in concentric rings

Question 23

What are the 5 types of bone fractures

Answer 23

compound, simple, communative, impressive, greenstick

Question 24

Where are osteons located

Answer 24

Central canal

Question 25

What are the volkman canals

Answer 25

communication path from outside to inside

Question 26

What are the lamellae

Answer 26

Rings around the central canal - sites of lacuane

Question 27

What is the canaliculi

Answer 27

tiny canals that radiate from the central canal to lacuane, form of transport system

Question 28

What is the first step in bone fracture healing

Answer 28

Hematoma is formed

Question 29

What is the second step in the bone fracture healing

Answer 29

Break is splinted by fibrocartilage to form a callus

Question 30

What is the third step in the bone fracture healing

Answer 30

fibrocartilage callus is replaced by a bony callus

Question 31

What is the fourth step in the bone fracture healing

Answer 31

Bony callus is remodeled into a permanent patch

Question 32

What is the axial skeleton

Answer 32

The longitudinal part of the body

Question 33

What are the three parts of the axial skeleton

Answer 33

skull, vertebral column, bony thorax

Question 34

What are paranasal sinuses

Answer 34

hollow portions of bones surrounding the nasal cavity

Question 35

Function of the paranasal sinuses

Answer 35

lighten the skull, give resonance and amplification to voice

Question 36

What is special about the hyoid bone

Answer 36

Only bone not associated with another bone, gives us the ability to talk

Question 37

What is in the appendicular skeleton

Answer 37

limbs, pectoral girdle and pelvic girdle

Question 38

What are the 2 functions of the joints

Answer 38

hold bones together and to allow mobility

Question 39

What 2 ways are joints classified as

Answer 39

functionally and structurally

Question 40

What are the functional classifications of joints

Answer 40

synarthroses, Amphiarthroses, Diarthroses

Question 41

What are the structural classifications of joints

Answer 41

fibrous, Cartilaginous, Synovial

Question 42

What movement does amphiarthroses have

Answer 42

slightly moveable

Question 43

What movement does synarthroses have

Answer 43

immovable joints

Question 44

What movement does diarthroses have

Answer 44

freely moveable

Question 45

What movement does fibrous joints have

Answer 45

generally immovable

Question 46

What movement does cartilaginous joints have

Answer 46

immovable or slightly moveable

Question 47

What movement does synovial joints have

Answer 47

freely moveable

Question 48

What are examples of fibrous joints

Answer 48

sutures and Syndesmoses

Question 49

what are examples of cartilaginous joints

Answer 49

pubic symphysis and invertebral joints

Question 50

Where is a plane joint found

Answer 50

intercarpal and intertarsal

Question 51

where is a hinge joint found

Answer 51

elbow joint, ankle joint, joint between the phlanges

Question 52

Where is a pivot joint found

Answer 52

proximal joint between radius and the ulna

Question 53

Where are condylar joints found

Answer 53

knuckles

Question 54

Where are the saddle joints found

Answer 54

in your thumbs, between carpals and metacarpals

Question 55

Where are ball and socket joints found

Answer 55

Shoulder/hip

Question 56

What is the parathyroid hormone

Answer 56

regulates calcium