Chapter 8. Female Reproductive System - Medical Terms Flashcards
1
Q
adnexa uteri
A
accessory parts of the uterus; fallopian tubes and ovaries
2
Q
amenorrhea
A
absence of menstrual flow
3
Q
amniocentesis
A
surgical puncture with a needle to withdraw fluid from within the amniotic sac
4
Q
amnion
A
innermost membranous sac surrounding the developing fetus
5
Q
amniotic fluid
A
fluid contained within the amniotic sac surrounding the fetus
6
Q
anovulatory
A
not accompanied by ovulation (release of eggs from the ovary)
7
Q
areola
A
dark, pigmented area surrounding the breast nipple
8
Q
Bartholin glands
A
two small mucus-secreting glands near the opening of the vagina to the outside of the body
9
Q
cephalic version
A
procedure for turning the fetus so that its head is the presenting part to enter the birth canal first
10
Q
cervix
A
necklike, lower portion of the uterus
11
Q
chorion
A
outermost membrane surrounding the developing fetus; it forms the fetal part of the placenta
12
Q
chorionic
A
pertaining to the chorion
13
Q
clitoris
A
sensitive erectile tissue, outside the body in front of the opening of the female urethra
14
Q
coitus
A
sexual intercourse
15
Q
colposcopy
A
visual examination of the vagina using an endoscope (colposcope)
16
Q
corpus luteum
A
yellow glandular mass (corpus) formed by an ovarian follicle that has matured and discharged its ovum; it secretes progesterone to maintain pregnancy
17
Q
cul-de-sac
A
region in the lower abdomen between the uterus and the rectum
18
Q
culdocentesis
A
surgical (needle) puncture of the cul-de-sac to remove fluid for analysis and diagnosis of disease
19
Q
dysmenorrhea
A
painful, difficult menses (menstruation)
20
Q
dyspareunia
A
painful sexual intercourse
21
Q
dystocia
A
difficult childbirth
22
Q
embryo
A
stage in prenatal development from two to six weeks
23
Q
endocervicitis
A
inflammation of the inner lining of the cervix (lower, necklike portion of the uterus)
24
Q
endometritis
A
inflammation of the inner lining of the uterus (upper portion)
25
endometrium
inner, mucous membrane lining of the uterus
26
episiotomy
incision of the vulva (perineum) to widen the opening of the vagina during a difficult childbirth
27
estrogen
ovarian hormone that promotes female secondary sex characteristics and sexual development
28
fallopian tube
one of a pair of ducts through which the ovum travels to the uterus (oviducts or uterine tubes)
29
fertilization
union of the egg (ovum) and sperm cell
30
fetal presentation
manner in which the fetus enters the birth canal
31
fetus
stage in prenatal development from 8 to 39 or 40 weeks
32
fimbriae
finger or fringe-like ends of the fallopian tubes
33
follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
secreted by the pituitary gland to stimulate maturation of the egg cell (ovum)
34
galactorrhea
excessive or abnormal secretion of milk after breast-feeding has ended
35
gamete
reproductive cell (ovum or sperm cell)
36
genetalia
reproductive organs (genitals)
37
gestation
nine-month period during which a fertilized egg cell develops into an infant; pregnancy
38
gonad
female or male reproductive organ that produces sex cells and hormones
39
gynecology
study of the female reproductive organs, including the breasts
40
gynecomastia
female-like breast enlargement in a male
41
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
secreted by the placenta to sustain pregnancy
42
hymen
mucous membrane partially or completely covering the opening to the vagina
43
hysterectomy
removal of the uterus
44
hysteroscopy
visual examination (endoscopic) of the uterus
45
intrauterine device (IUD)
device inserted by a physician into the uterus to prevent pregnancy
46
involution
shrinking of the uterus (womb) to its normal size after childbirth
47
labia
lips of the vagina
48
lactation
production of milk
49
lactiferous ducts
tubes that carry milk throughout the breast
50
leukorrhea
white to yellow discharge from the vagina
51
luteinizing hormone (LH)
secreted by the pituitary gland to promote ovulation
52
mammary
pertaining to the breast
53
mammary papilla
nipple of the breast
54
mammoplasty
surgical repair of the breast (augmentation or reduction surgery)
55
mastectomy
removal (excision) of a breast
56
mastitis
inflammation of a breast
57
menarche
beginning of the first menstrual period
58
menometrorrhagia
excessive uterine bleeding during menstruation and also between menstrual periods
59
menopause
gradual ending of menstruation
60
metrorrhagia
bleeding between menstruations
61
multigravida
a woman who has been pregnant more than once
62
multipara
a woman who has delivered more than one viable infant
63
myomectomy
removal of muscle tumors (fibroids) from the uterus
64
myometrium
muscle layer of the uterus
65
neonatal
newborn
66
neonatology
study of newborns
67
nullipara
a woman who has never given birth to an infant
68
obstetrics
branch of medicine dealing with the care of women during pregnancy and childbirth
69
oligomenorrhea
scanty menstrual flow
70
oocyte
immature ovum
71
oogenesis
formation of ova (egg cells)
72
oophorectomy
removal of an ovary
73
orifice
an opening
74
ovarian
pertaining to an ovary
75
ovarian follicle
tiny sac in the ovary that contains an egg cell (ovum)
76
ovary
one of two female reproductive organs (gonads) that produce egg cells and female hormones (estrogen and progesterone)
77
ovulation
release of an egg cell from an ovary
78
ovum, ova
egg cell; plural is ova
79
oxytocia
rapid labor and childbirth
80
oxytocin
secretion of the pituitary glad causing contraction of the uterus during labor and stimulation of milk secretion from the breast
81
parturition
act of giving birth
82
perineorrhaphy
suture of the perineum (following an episiotomy)
83
perineum
area between the anus and vagina in females and the area between the anus and scrotal sac in males
84
pituitary gland
endocrine gland at the base of the brain
85
placenta
vascular organ that develops in the uterine wall during pregnancy
86
pregnancy
condition of having a developing embryo and fetus in the body for about 40 weeks; gestation
87
prenatal
pertaining to before birth
88
primigravida
a woman during her first pregnancy
89
primipara
a woman who has given birth to her first child
90
primiparous
pertaining to a woman who has given birth to her first child
91
progesterone
hormone secreted by the ovaries; maintains the lining of the uterus during pregnancy
92
pseudocyesis
false pregnancy
93
puberty
period during which secondary sex characteristics begin to develop and the ability to reproduce begins
94
pyosalpinx
pus in a fallopian tube
95
retroversion
tipping backward of an organ or a part of the body; as in the uterus
96
salpingectomy
removal of a fallopian tube
97
uterine serosa
outermost layer surrounding the uterus
98
uterus
hollow, pear-shaped muscular female organ in which the embryo and fetus develop; womb
99
vagina
muscular, mucosal tube extending from the uterus (cervix) to the exterior of the body
100
vaginal orifice
opening of the vagina to the exterior of the body
101
vaginitis
inflammation of the vagina
102
vulva
external female genitalia; labia, clitoris and vaginal orifice
103
vulvovaginitis
inflammation of the vulva and vagina
104
zygote
stage in prenatal development from fertilization and implantation to 2 weeks
105
abortion
premature ending of pregnancy before the embryo or fetus is able to exist on its own
106
abruptio placentae
premature detachment of the placenta from its place in the uterine wall
107
Apgar score
system of scoring an infant's physical condition at 1 and 5 minutes after birth
108
aspiration
withdrawal of fluid from a cavity or sac with an instrument using suction
109
carcinoma in situ
cancerous tumor that is localized and has not spread either to nearby tissue or through the lymphatic system or bloodstream
110
carcinoma of the breast
malignant tumor of breast tissue; breast cancer
111
carcinoma of the cervix
malignant cells within the cervix (lower portion of the uterus)
112
carcinoma of the endometrium
malignant tumor of the uterus (endometrium)
113
cauterization
destruction of tissue by burning
114
cervical dysplasia
abnormal cells in the cervix (lower, neck-like region of the uterus)
115
cervicitis
inflammation of the cervix
116
cesarean section
surgical incision of the abdominal wall and uterus to deliver a fetus
117
chriocarcinoma
malignant tumor of the placenta
118
chorionic villus sampling
sampling of placental tissues (chorionic villi) for prenatal diagnosis)
119
colposcopy
visual examination of the vagina and uterine cervix using an optical magnifying instrument called a colposcopy
120
conization
removal of a cone-shaped section of the cervix
121
cryocauterization
use of freezing cold temperature to burn and destroy tissue
122
culdocentesis
surgical puncture to remove fluid from the cul-de-sac
123
cystadenocarcinoma
malignant tumor containing fluid-filled sacs and glandular tissue; commonly occurring in the ovaries
124
cystadenoma
benign tumor of cystic and glandular components, commonly found in the ovaries
125
dermoid cysts
ovarian cysts lined with a variety of cell types (cell, skin, teeth)
126
dilatation
widening and enlargement of a hollow organ
127
dilation and curettage
widening (dilation) of the cervix and scraping the endometrial lining of the uterus
128
ectopic pregnancy
implantation of the fertilized egg in any site other than in the uterus
129
endometriosis
endometrial tissue located outside of the uterus
130
erythroblastosis fetalis
hemolytic disease of the newborn caused by a blood group incompatibility (Rh factor) between the mother and fetus
131
exenteneration
removal of internal organs; pelvic exenteration is removal of ovaries, uterus, fallopian tubes, vagina, and sections of the intestines
132
fetal monitoring
continuous recording of fetal heart rate and uterine contractions during labor
133
fibrocystic disease
presence of small sacs of fibrous connective tissue and fluid in the breast
134
fibroids
benign tumors of fibrous muscular tissue in the uterus; leiomyomas
135
hyaline membrane disease
acute lung disease in premature infants; respiratory distress disease syndrome of the newborn
136
hydrocephalus
accumulation of fluid in the spaces of the brain; in infants, the condition causes enlargement of the head
137
hysterosalpingography
x-ray recording of the uterus and fallopian tubes after injection of contrast material
138
in vitro fertilization
egg an sperm cells are combined outside the body in a laboratory dish (in vitro) to facilitate fertilization; fertilized ova are then implanted into the uterus through the cervix
139
laparoscopy
visual examination of the abdominal cavity using an endoscope
140
leiomyomas
benign tumors of the uterus; fibroids
141
lumen
cavity or channel with a tube or tubular organ, as a blood vessel, vagina, or fallopian tube
142
mammography
x-ray record of the breast
143
meconium aspiration syndrome
abnormal inhalation of meconium (first stools) by a fetus or newborn
144
multiple gestation
more than one fetus inside the uterus
145
ovarian carcinoma
malignant tumor of the ovary; ovarian adenocarcinoma
146
ovarian cyst
sacs of fluid within or on the ovaries
147
palpation
process of examining by using hands or fingers on the outside of the body
148
pap smear
microscopic examination of stained cells removed from the vagina and cervix
149
pelvic inflammatory disease
inflammation and infection of organs in the pelvic region; including salpingitis, oophoritis, endometritis, and endocervicitis
150
pelvic ultrasonography
recording images of sound waves as they bounce off the organs in the pelvic region
151
pelvimetry
measurement of the female pelvis
152
placenta previa
placental implantation over the cervical opening or in the lower region of the uterine wall
153
preeclampsia
abnormal condition of pregnancy marked by high blood pressure, proteinura, and edema
154
pyloric stenosis
narrowing of the opening of the stomach to the duodenum in a newborn
155
respiratory distress syndrome
abnormal condition in infants when a protein (surfactant) is missing in the lung tissues; infants have difficult respiratory function; hyaline membrane disease
156
tubal ligation
tying off of the fallopian tubes to make a woman incapable of reproduction; sterilization of a female
