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Medical Terms > Chapter 2. Body as a Whole - Medical Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 2. Body as a Whole - Medical Terms Flashcards

1
Q

abdomen

A

area of the body between the chest and the pelvis region

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2
Q

abdominal cavity

A

area of the body between the chest and pelvis (hip region)

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3
Q

adipose

A

pertaining to fat

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4
Q

anabolism

A

process of building up or synthesizing substances (such as proteins) in a cell

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5
Q

anterior

A

pertaining to the front of a structure

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6
Q

cartilage

A

elastic, connective tissue found at joints, within the trachea and larynx, and connected to ribs, nose, and ear

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7
Q

catabolism

A

cellular process of breaking down of a complex substance into simple compounds, energy is released to do the work of the cell

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8
Q

caudal

A

pertaining to tail, or to the lower portion of the body; also means away from the head or below another structure

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9
Q

cell membrane

A

thin and delicate structure surrounding a cell, allows materials to pass in and out

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10
Q

cephalic

A

pertaining to the head, also means above another structure

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11
Q

cervical

A

pertaining to the neck of the body or lower neck-line portion of the uterus

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12
Q

chondroma

A

tumor (benign) of cartilage

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13
Q

chrondrosarcoma

A

malignant, cancerous tumor of cartilage

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14
Q

chromosome

A

threadlike structure within the nucleus of a cell, contains genetic material (DNA)

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15
Q

coccygeal

A

pertaining to the tailbone or coccyx

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16
Q

coccyx

A

tailbone at the end of the spinal or vertebral column

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17
Q

cranial cavity

A

pertaining to the space within the skull containing the brain and pituitary gland

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18
Q

craniotomy

A

incision of the skull

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19
Q

cytoplasm

A

all of the substance of a cell other than the nucleus

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20
Q

deep

A

away from the surface of the body or an organ

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21
Q

diaphragm

A

muscular wall separating the chest and the abdomen

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22
Q

disk (disc)

A

circular platelike structure composed of cartilage

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23
Q

distal

A

pertaining to far from the beginning of a structure

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24
Q

dorsal

A

pertaining to the back, or posterior portion of the body

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25
epigastric region
the upper middle region of the abdomen, between the right and left hypochondriac regions
26
epithelial cells
cells arranged in layers and covering or lining a surface of the body
27
frontal plane
a vertical plane passing through the body and dividing it into the front and back portions, coronal plane
28
genes
segments of DNA that determine hereditary characteristics
29
histology
study of tissues
30
hypochondriac region
an upper abdominal area on either side of the epigastric (middle) region beneath the cartilage of the lower ribs
31
hypogastric
lower middle region of the abdomen
32
iliac
pertaining to the ilium, which is the right or left upper most portion of the hipbone
33
inguinal region
lowermost region of the abdomen on either side of the hypogastric region
34
intervertebral
pertaining to between the vertebrae (backbones)
35
karyotype
classification of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell determined by a photograph taken during cell division
36
larynx
the voice box
37
lateral
pertaining to the sides
38
lumbar region
one of two middle lateral regions on either side of the umbilical region (near the naval)
39
lumbosacral
pertaining to the lumbar and sacral regions of the back
40
medial
pertaining to the middle or midline of the body
41
mediastinum
part of the thoracic (chest) cavity between the lungs
42
metabolism
chemical processes that occur in cells; including catabolism (breaking down process) and anabolism (building up process)
43
mitochondria
rod-like, threadlike or granular structures in a cell; site of catabolism and release of energy
44
nucleic
pertaining to the nucleus
45
nucleus
central, controlling structure in a cell; contains chromosomes with DNA (genetic material)
46
pelvic cavity
pertaining to the space surrounded by the bone of the hip region
47
peritoneum
membrane surrounding the organs in the abdomen
48
pharynx
the throat
49
pituitary gland
endocrine gland at the base of the brain; secretes many hormones that control growth and organs including the thyroid, adrenal and sex glands
50
pleura
a delicate membrane surrounding each lung and divided into two layers
51
pleural cavity
space between the layers of the pleura in the chest
52
posterior
pertaining to the back or dorsal side of the body or structure
53
prone
lying in a horizontal position with face downward
54
proximal
pertaining to a location near the point of attachment or beginning of an organ
55
sacral
pertaining to the sacrum
56
sacrum
large, triangular bone at the dorsal part of the pelvis, wedged between the two ilia or hipbones
57
sagittal plane
vertical plane that divides the body into a right and left portion
58
sarcoma
tumor of flesh tissue such as bone, fat, muscle or cartilage
59
spinal cavity
series of backbones (vertebrae) located on the posterior side of the body
60
spinal cord
the nervous tissue within the spinal cavity
61
superficial
pertaining to or the surface of the body
62
supine
lying horizontally on the back with face upward
63
thoracic cavity
the space in the chest surrounded by the ribs, spinal column, breastbone, diaphragm, and chest wall muscles
64
thoracotomy
incision of the chest
65
thyroid gland
endocrine gland in the neck; secretes the hormone thyroxine
66
trachea
windpipe; tube leading from the larynx (voice box) to the bronchial tubes
67
tracheal
pertaining to the trachea
68
transverse plane
horizontal plane that divides the body into upper and lower portions
69
umbilical region
region in the area of the navel or umbilicus
70
ureter
one of two tubes carrying urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder
71
uterus
muscular organ in a female that nourishes the developing embryo during pregnancy; womb
72
ventral
pertaining to the front or anterior of the body
73
vertebra
backbone
74
vertebrae
two or more backbones
75
vertebral
pertaining to backbones
76
viscera
internal organs
77
visceral
pertaining to internal organs

Medical Terms (14 decks)

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