Chapter 8 Flashcards
Structural is divided into
Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial
Gomphoses are found
Only between a tooth and socket
Peg and socket is
Gomphoses joint
In synovial joints, bones are separated by
A fluid-containing joint cavity
What is the mobility of synovial joints?
All are diarthroses
Bursae are
Flattened fibrous sacs filled with synovial fluid
Tendon sheath is
Elongated bursa that wraps completely around a tendon
Nonaxial is
Slipping movements only
Uniaxial is
Movement in one plane
Biaxial is
Movement in two planes
Multiaxial is
Movement in or around all three planes
Flexion
Decreases the angle of the joint
Extension
Joint angle is increased
Hyperextension
Extension past normal
Dorsiflexion and Plantar flexion
Up (dorsi) and down (plantar) movement of the foot
Abduction
Movement away from the midline
Adduction
Movement toward the midline
Circumduction
Movement in a cone space
Rotation
Turning of a bone around its own long axis
Supination
Palms up
Pronation
Palms down
Inversion
Sole of foot turned medially
Eversion
Sole of foot turned laterally
Protraction
Jaw jutted forward
Retraction
Jaw pulled back
Elevation
Shoulders raised
Depression
Shoulders lowered
Opposition
Thumb touching other fingers
Types of synovial joints
Plane Hinge Pivot Condyloid/Ellipsoidal Saddle Ball-and-socket
Condyloid/Ellipsoidal joints are ___axial which permits
Biaxial; all angular motions
On condyloid/ellipsoidal joints, both articular surfaces
Are oval
Examples of condyloid joints
Radiocarpal (wrist) joints
Metacarpophalangeal (knuckle) joints
Saddle joints are similar to
Condyloid joints but allow greater movement
On saddle joints, each articular surface
Has both a concave and a convex surface
Example of saddle joint
Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
Subluxation is
The partial dislocation of a joint
What is the most common chronic arthritis?
Osteoarthritis
