Chapter 7 Flashcards
The axial skeleton is
80 bones divided into three sections
Sections of the axial skeleton
The skull
The vertebral column
The thoracic cage
What is the most complex bony structure?
The skull
Function of the cranium
Protects the brain
Cranial bones
Are thin and strong
Two parietal Two temporal Frontal Occipital Sphenoid Ethmoid
Parietal bones form
Most of the superior and lateral aspects of the skull
Sutures of the parietal bones
Coronal suture
Sagittal suture
Lambdoid suture
Squamosal suture
The coronal suture is
The articulation between parietal bones and frontal bone anteriorly
The sagittal suture is
Where right and left parietal bones meet superiorly
The lambdoid suture is
Where parietal bones meet the occipital bone posteriorly
The squamosal suture is
Where parietal and temporal bones meet
The temporal bones form
The inferolateral aspects of the skull and parts of the cranial floor
Four major regions of the temporal bones
Squamous
Tympanic
Mastoid
Petrous
Frontal bone forms
Articulates
The anterior portion of the cranium
Posteriorly with the parietal bones via the coronal suture
Occiptal bone forms
Most of the skull’s posterior wall and base
Sphenoid bone forms
Spans
The central wedge that articulates with all other cranial bones
The width of the middle cranial fossa
Ethmoid bone lies
Between the phenoid and nasal bones
What is the most deep of the skull bones?
The ethmoid
Wormian bones are
Tiny irregularly shaped bones that appear within sutures
How many facial bones are there?
Fourteen
Which facial bones are unpaired?
The mandible and vomer
Which facial bones are paired?
Maxillae Zygomatics Nasals Lacrimals Palatines Inferior Conchae
The mandible is
The largest and strongest bone of the face
The maxillary bones articulate with
All facial bones except the mandible
Zygomatic bones are
The cheekbones
Orbits are
Formed by parts of seven bones
Bones of the orbits
Frontal Sphenoid Zygomatic Maxilla Palatine Lacrimal Ethmoid
The nasal cavity is
Constructed of bone and hyaline cartilage
The hyoid is the
Attachment point for neck muscles that raise and lower the larynx during swallowing and speech
Which bone does not articulate with any other bone
The hyoid
The vertebral column is
Formed from 26 bones
What kind of bones make up the vertebral column?
Irregular bones
The bones of the vertebral column are
Cervical vertebrae Thoracic vertebrae Lumbar vertebrae Sacrum Coccyx
Cervical vertebrae are the
7 bones of the neck
Thoracic vertebrae are the
12 bones of the torso
Lumbar vertebrae are the
5 bones of the lower back
The sacrum is
5 bones fused together
The coccyx is
4 bones fused together
The tail bone is
The coccyx
Intervertebral discs are composed of
Nucleus pulposus
Annulus fibrosus
The nucleus pulposus gives
Intervertebral discs elasticity and compressibility
The annulus fibrosus surrounds
The nucelus pulposus
C1 is
The atlas
C2 is
The axis
The __________ vertebrae articulate with the ______
Thoracic; ribs
Lumbar vertebrae function
Weight-bearing
The sternum is the result of
The fusion of the superior manubrium, the body, and the inferior xiphoid process
How many pairs of ribs are there?
12
The superior 7 pair of ribs attach
Directly to the sternum
Ribs 8-10 attach
Indirectly to the sternum
Ribs 11-12 have no
Anterior attachment
Which ribs are true?
The first 7
Which ribs are false?
Ribs 8-10
Which ribs are floating?
Ribs 11-12
The appendicular skeleton is made up of
The bones of the limbs and their girdles
The upper limb consists of
The arm, forearm, and hand
The brachium is
The arm
The antebrachium is
The forearm
The manus is
The hand
How many bone form each upper limb?
37
What bone(s) make up the arm?
The humerus
What bone(s) make up the forearm?
The radius and ulna
The interosseous membrane connects
The radius and ulna
The tibia and fibula
Which bone is longer, the radius or ulna?
The ulna
The proximal end of the ulna is _______ and the distal end is ________
Thin; wider
The hand contains
Wrist bones (carpals), bones of the palm (metacarpals), and bones of the fingers (phalanges)
The carpus is
The wrist
How many bones make up the carpus?
8
Straight Line To Picky Here Comes The Thumb
Scaphoid Lunate Triquetrum Pisiform Hamate Capitate Trapezoid Trapezium
How many bones make up the metacarpus?
5
How many phalanges are on each hand?
14
The pollex is
The thumb
Which finger doesn’t have three phalanges?
The thumb
Each finger consists of
Distal, middle, and proximal phalanges
The coxal bone is made up of
The illium
The ischium
The pubis
The lower limb is divided into
The thigh, leg, and foot
What carries the weight of the erect body?
The lower limb
What bone(s) make up the thigh?
The femur
What bone is the largest and strongest in the entire body?
The femur
What bone(s) make up the leg?
The tibia and fibula
What does the tibia do?
Receives the weight of the body from the femur and transmits it to the foot
The bones of the foot are
The tarsus, metatarsus, and phalanges
The tarsus are
The 7 bones that form the posterior half of the foot
What are the tarsal bones?
Talus Calcaneus Cuboid Navicular Medial Intermediate Lateral cuneiforms
How many metartasal bones are there?
5
The hallux is
The big toe
How many phalanges make up each foot?
14
Which toe doesn’t have three phalanges?
The hallux
