Chapter 8 Flashcards
Stress
The excitement, feeling of anxiety, and or physical tension that occurs when the demand or stressors placed on an individual Are thought to exceed the persons ability to cope.
Workload
Role overload exists when the demand of the job exceed the capacity of the individual to meet all of the demands adequately.
Job conditions
Temperature extremes, loud noise, too much or too little lighting, radiation,, heavy travel demands, long commute, excessive overtime = more stress less performance
Role conflict and and ambiguity
Different expectations of or demands on a person at work that become excessive. Uncertainty about assigned job duties and responsibilities.
Career development
Career planning and development uncertainty. Job security, promotions, transfers, development opportunities, re-organizing, downsizing.
Interpersonal relations
Workplace incivility, poor relationships, office politics. Relationships can be stressful or supportive.
Work and life conflict
Conflict between work and life goals. Care for children, aging parents, balancing work and leisure.
Physiological effects
Increase blood pressure and heart rate, sweating, hot and cold spells, reading difficulties, muscular tension, gastrointestinal disorders, panic attacks
Emotional effects
Anger, anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, inability to concentrate, poor decision-making, nervousness, irritability, resentment of supervisors, job dissatisfaction
Behavioral effects
Poor performance, absenteeism, high accident rates, high turnover, alcohol and substance abuse, impulsive behavior, difficulty in communication
Type A personality
A person involved in a never ending struggle to achieve more and more in less and less time.
Type B personality
A person who tends to be easy-going and relaxed, patient, a good listener and takes a long range view of things.
Hardy personality
The personality of a person with a cluster of characteristics that includes feeling a sense of commitment, responding to each difficulty as representing a challenge and opportunity, perceiving that one has control over one’s own life.
Insights for individuals
-PLAN Ahead and practice time management.
HEALTHY - Exercise, diet, rest.
FRAME -Challenges not to be overcome, not problems to be dealt with.
MINIMIZE -Perfection.
BALANCE -Work and fun
RELAX and laugh.
COMMUNICATE For support and to reduce stressors
Insights for leaders
IMPROVE Physical work environment.
JOB Redesign.
CHANGE Workload and deadline.
CHANGE Work schedule, increased flexibility, Consider sabbatical.
INCREASE Employee participation.
