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Building construction > chapter 8 > Flashcards

chapter 8 Flashcards

masonry and ordinary construction

1
Q

primary benefit of masonry comments is their durability and inherent resistance to

A

weather, fire and insects p.217

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2
Q

drawnbacks to masonry construction include

A

long term deterioration of mortar joints, and its labor intensive. p.218

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3
Q

most common types of stone used in construction include :

A

limestone
sandstone
brownstone
granite
marble
slate

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4
Q

horizontal lay of brick is how long

A

8 inches p. 219

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5
Q

most commonly used cement consisting of calcium and aluminum slate

A

portland cement

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6
Q

expansion ov excess moisture within masonry materials resulting in tensile forces within materials and causing it to break apart

A

spalling

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7
Q

what are the most common concrete masonry units

A

hollow concrete block

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8
Q

what type blocks where commonly used for construction of interior partitions ?

A

clay tile block and gypsum block ( older buildings)

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9
Q

what type of tile was was popular for decorative effects and may still be found in may older building

A

fired clay tile also know as ( structural terra cotta )

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10
Q

what is used frequently where smooth, easily cleaned surface is desired such as shower rooms, kitchens or corridors

A

structural glazed tile

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11
Q

what is used to fill in windows in existing building

A

glass block p. 220

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12
Q

what is the most inherent part of most( but not all ) masonry construction ?

A

mortar

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13
Q

what bonds individual units to each other ( seals each unit )

A

mortar

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14
Q

what joints are of ten the weakest part of a wall

A

mortar

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15
Q

mortar is available in 5 basic types with compression strengths ranging from

A

75 -2500

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16
Q

most mortar is produced form a mixture of

A

portland cement, hydrated lime , sand and water

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17
Q

until 1890 mortar was comply produced with what as the bonding agent instead of portland cement

A

lime

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18
Q

what is the last thing to fall in a building fire if not undermined to weaken ?

A

a well constructed masonry walls.222

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19
Q

ordinary construction is also known as

A

masonry wood joisted

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20
Q

in modern construction, truss joist and woof roof trusses are often used in place of

A

traditional soil joist and rafters

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21
Q

masonry buildings supported by unprotected steel strudels framing are classified as

A

type 2 -b

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22
Q

in modern practice materials used in the most commonly encoded load bearing masonry walls include

A

brick, concrete block combo of brick and block p. 223

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23
Q

single vertical column of masonry units in a wall. usually brick or concrete block

A

wythe p.223

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24
Q

the simplest brick wall consisit of a single

A

wythe

25
Q

horizontal layer of individual masonry units

A

course

26
Q

bricks placed end to end

A

stretcher

27
Q

bricks placed vertically to end

A

soldier

28
Q

bricks placed with ends facing out

A

header p. 225

29
Q

a masonry wall that is reinforced with steel an have

A

reduced thickness

30
Q

a common support for masonry walls is a series of vertical

A

steel rods placed b/tw 2 adjacent wither of bricks walls

31
Q

in what masonry does a brick wythe commonly used in combo with concrete block wythe( 1 wythe of concrete blocks w/ a brick scythe attached to the outside)

A

concrete block brick faced

32
Q

Cavity between wythe are filled with ? mixture of cement, aggregate and water that hardens over time .

A

grout

33
Q

Metal ties are frequently attached to what for masonry curtain walls

A

metal or wood studs

34
Q

a what wall is an extra brick wall constructed with a vertical cavity b’tw exterior with and the interior wythe

A

cavity

35
Q

reinforcement of masonry walls can take other forms and can include

A

buttresses, flying buttresses , pilasters p.226

36
Q

more modern masonry buildings have interior framing systems using material including

A

masonry colums or interior bearing walls
steal beams or trusses
wood

37
Q

In many application wood joist or beams simply rest on masonry walls which is known as

A

beam pocket ( 7 inches deep to provide plenty of room )p. 227

38
Q

structure projected from a wall designed to receive lateral pressure action at a particular point? what has a gap b’tw lower parts of the support and structure

A

buttress/ flying buttress

39
Q

rectangular masonry pilar that extends from the face or a wall to provide additional support for the wall

A

pilasters.227

40
Q

end of a wood joist or beam will be cut as a slight angle is this known as

A

fire cut

41
Q

purpose of a fire cut is to all the what in case of a structural collapse

A

beam to fall away freely from a wall

42
Q

masonry over an opening is supported by the use of

A

lintel, arch or corbel

43
Q

beam over an opening in a mansard wall ( usually made of steel angels )

A

lintel

44
Q

materials used in lintels include

A

steel , reinforced concrete or reinforced masonry p.228

45
Q

bracket or ledge made of stone, wood , brick or other building material projecting from the face of a wall or column used to support a beam , cornice or arch

A

corbel

46
Q

what is used to improve the aestics of an arch

A

corbelling p.228

47
Q

what is an extension of a masonry or steel wall that projects above the roof 1 ft or more

A

parapet wall p.229

48
Q

what can make parapet walls lose structural integrity during fire opts

A

exposure to high winds,
roof collapse
impact fro aerial ladder
master stream

49
Q

flat horizontal or vertical board located at the outer face of a cornice, broad flat surface over a storefront or below a cornice

A

fascia

50
Q

concealed space near the eave of a building, usually overhangs the area adjacent to exterior walls

A

cornice

51
Q

building collapse when

A

supports fail

52
Q

collapse zones are typically ‘’ the height of a building

A

1.5x p. 230

53
Q

collapse of masonry walls often occur when

A

interior wood framing fails

54
Q

factors that effect a buildings integrity include

A

collapsing interior floors or roofs, that cause horizontal forces and pull walls out

collapse of interior framing

steel within a reinforced walll

55
Q

strongest points of masonry buildings are

A

corners, stairwells, elevators shafts. 231

56
Q

1 potential problem with tie rods is

A

they can be heated during a fire and stretch and weaken a wall

57
Q

bearing plates used where repairs have been undertaken are likely to be

A

less compatible ( steel channels may be used )

not uniformly positioned on a wall

found in conjunction w/ other repairs p. 233

58
Q

masonry walls can deteriorate from several cause including

A

erosion of mortar /steel due to elements ( freeze/thaw cycle of weather)

shifts in foundation can cause cracks and misalignments of support

wooden interior members rot and shfit from long term exposure to moisture p. 234

Building construction (12 decks)

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