Chapt 2 Flashcards
Building Classifications
Factors that influence fire behavior include:
BC
O
FL
FR
basic building classification
occupancy
fire or fuel load
fire resistance p. 44
type 1
fire resistive
type 2
non- combustible
type 3
exterior protected ( masonry)
type 4
heavy timber
type 5
wood frame
In NFPA 220 each classification is designated by a 3 digit # code explain each one
1st number - fire resistance in hours of exterior bearing walls
2nd # - fire resistance rating of structural frames or columns and grinders that support loads more than 1 floor
3rd - fire resistance of floor
Type 1 construction the building is less likely to what
collapse
Type 1 are more commonly constructed using
Protected steel frame or reinforced concrete
concrete is inherently
non combustible
any substance, except plain water that when applied to another material or substance will reduce the flammability of fuels or slow their rate of combustion by chemical or physical actions ?
fire retardant p. 47
Type 1 construction is most commonly constructed using
protected steel frame or reinforced concrete
un protected steel has no
fire resistance
type 2 building materials ‘’/’’ same at type 1 also can use x2 ‘’
steel, concrete block ( same as Type 1) also can use aluminum and glass
type II-A protected requires that Structural components have a “” hour fire resistance
1 hour fire resistance
type II-B unprotected allows structural components to remain
unprotected
the use of unprotected steel isthe most common characteristics of
unprotected , non combustible construction
type 3 commonly referred to as
ordinary construction
Type 3 is commonly constructed with exterior walls of
masonry but any non combustible material with required fire resistance can be used
type 3 interior structural components that are permitted to be partially or wholly combustible include
walls
beams
columns
floors
roofs p. 48
When the construction components of type three construction are required to have a fire rating, such as foR IBC type 3 A and type 3 , 2-1-1 contruction they can be protected by several means including ‘’ IN older buildings and ‘’ in newer .
plaster in older buildings and gypsum board in newer
Type 3 uses what size wood for floor joist
2x10 p.48
fundamental fire condition w/ Type 3 is
combustible concealed spaces that are created b/tw floors and ceiling joist and studs in partition walls
drops ceiling can mask fire as well
type 4 is commonly known as
heavy timber or mill construction
Type 4 exterior walls are normally made of ‘’ interior made of “” materials
masonry , interior made of combustible material
2 important difference b’tw type 3 and 4 construction
type 4 - beams , column, floors and roofs are made of soild or laminated wood with dimensions greater than T3.
concealed spaces are not permitted b’tw strudel components in T4
Type 4 construction is the only construction that does not included what ‘’/’’ subdivisions instead uses ‘’
A and B Subdivisions , instead uses 2HH
Type 4 uses min nominal dimensions of ‘’ for floor construction thicker than types ‘’/’’
6x10 for floor construction which is thicker than type 3 and 5
Type 4 construction is not common in ‘’ for multistorys
New construction for multistory
Type 4 Construction’s original application includes :
F
M
W
factories , mills and warehouses
Type 5 construction all major structional competes are permitted to be
Combustible
Basic method of construction in Type 5 is ‘’ what hour fire rating ?
wood frame ro provide primary structural support with a 1 hour fire rating
fundamental problem w/ type 5 construction is
extensive of concealed voids. because of this it can become completely involved and destroyed
In modern practices, wood frame buildings are Most often constructed using a method known as ‘’’ introduced in what year ‘’
light frame construction Introduced and 1830
light frame construction eliminated
heavy post and beams and made use of smaller studs, joists and rafters
light- frame construction is considered a common construction of small ‘’’ and ‘’’ buildings in north american
common Construction of small residential and commercial buildings in north america
Mixed construction occurs where a new structure is built onto an ‘’
onto an existing one of different construction type
building code classification based on the use to which owners or tenants put building or portions of building
occupancy
assembly group
A
business group
b
edu group
E
factories
F
high hazards
H
institutional group
I
mercantile group
M
residential group
R
storage group
S
utility and miscellaneous
U
12 major occupancy IN NFPA 101 LIFE SAFTEY CODE :
A
E
D
HC
AHC
D/C
R
RBC
M
B
I
S
Assembly , edu , daycare, health care, ambulatory health care, detention and correctional , residential , residential board and care, mercantile , business, industrial and storage p.53
The maximum amount of heat that can be released if all fuel in a given area is consumed; expressed in pounds per square foot, obtained by dividing the amount of fuel present by the floor area is known as the -
fire load
fire load will vary based on
heat of combustion
buildings with combustible structural components
types 3, 4, 5
in form in which used and under the conditions anticipated, will not ignite , burn, support combustion or release flammable vapors , when subject to fire is defined as what according to IBC
non combustible
most common used test for determining combustibility is
ASTME 136
Severity of fire is a factor of fire load plus
rate at which fire burns
fire resistance describes several properties of material including
C
TC
CC
D
D
combustibility, thermal conductivity, chemical composition, density and dimension
in the case of walls , partitions, an ceilings , fire resistivity also means the ability to act as
a barrier to fire
fire resistance rating incorporated into building codes includes Min requirements for structural components such as
beams, column, walls and partitions, floors and ceiling assemblies and roof / ceiling assemblies
most common test method used to determine fire resistances are ‘’ tests
lab tests
The standard test for fire resistance is’’ ALSO KNOW AS NFPA ‘’
asthma-119, NFPA 251
The addition of fire resistance increases structural ‘’ during a fire
STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY DURING A FIRE
IBC contains a total of ‘’ subgroups within the 10 major occupancy classifications
26
IBC also separately addresses one and two family dwellings not more than three stories high. These buildings are classified as.’’ in the IBC as they govern by separate code`
R International residential code
Fire resistance rating IS measured ON A ‘’’ CURVE
On a time temperature curve
Which test is widely used in fire protection to establish the required performance standards in building codes?
The standard fire-protection test.
Standard Test Methods for Determining Effects of Large Hydrocarbon Pool Fires on Structural Members and Assemblies DESCRIBES WHAT TEST ?
ASTM Standard 1529?
First engineered in the 1830s, this Type V construction method greatly reduced the cost and time involved in erecting residential and small commercial buildings.
LIGHT FRAME
The standard for the calculation of the fire resistance of structural members. NFPA ‘’
29
The ability of structural assemblies to carry a structural load and to act as a fire barrier is what standard test ?
e119
What is the only construction type that does not include A and B subdivisions?
type 4
The rating assigned to a material or an assembly after standardized testing by an independent testing organization that identifies the amount of time a material or assembly of materials will resist a typical fire as measured by a standard time/temperature curve is known as -
The Fire Resistance Rating.
’’’’ is the ability of a structural assembly or material to maintain its load-bearing capacity and structural integrity under fire conditions.
Fire resistance
the materials used in construction and the fire resistance ratings required for the structural components are factors considered and determining ‘’’
Building classification
