Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Building construction > chap 11 > Flashcards

chap 11 Flashcards

roofs

1
Q

what is waterproofing for a building

A

roof

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

fundamental safety points regarding roofs are

A

nots as strong as floors, designed to hold lighter live loads

concealed spaces b’tw ceiling and roof ( had to determine extent a fire has developed)

overtime loads are added to which they where not designed for
p. 278

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

from a FF standpoint roofs can be classified into 3 styles which are

A

flat , pitched and curved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

types of flats roofs can be found on

A

warehouses, factories, shopping centers, schools

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the easier roof to work on

A

flat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what roof is designed to shed water and snow

A

pitched

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

low slope roofs have a slope of up to ‘’ meaning for each 12 unit of horizontal dimensions the roof slopes upward of 3

A

3/12 p. 279

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

medium to high slopes have slopes of

A

4/12 to 12/12 (45 degree angel )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

some slopes of 18/12 or higher can including

A

churches, mansions ( to steep to work on w/ roof ladder)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

10 types of roofs

A

gable, hip, gambrel, mansard, butterfly, monitor , sawtooth , shed , arched , flat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

common roof style that consist of 2 inclined surfaces that meet at their high side to form a ridge

A

gable roof

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

style that slopes in 4 directions and has a degree of slope similar to the gable roof

A

hip roof

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

slopes in 2 directions, but there will be a break in the slope on each side. ( spaces under can be used as attic or living space_

A

gamble roof

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

has a break in the slope of the roof on 4 sides .( one with a flat deck is sometimes called )

A

mansard roof
modern mansard or roof deck p. 280

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

roof style that slopes in 2 directions ( 2 shed roofs that meet ar low eaves

A

butterfly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

style designed to provide light and ventilation. ( commonly used on factories)

A

monitor roof

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

the vertical side of this monitor section, which are normally openable windows are know as

A

clerestories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

style also once comply used on industrial buildings for lights and vents( ideally faced north b/c of northern light and glare of sun can be avoided )

A

sawtooth roofs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

curved roofs are most frequently supported by

A

ARCHES /bowstrings p. 281

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

forces of a dome roof are similar to arch however, the forces in a dome are excepted around a ‘’ instead of just 1 plane

A

complete circle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

more architecturally spectacular curved roofs can be created using

A

lamella arches or geodesic domes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

arched roof structure composed of a series of intersecting , skewed arches made up short, straight members

A

lamella arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

lamellas can from

A

domes and arches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

if compression or tension rings in lamella dome are damaged to the point of failure what will happen

A

entire structure will fail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

lamellas roofs have been used for occupancies including

A

gyms, exhibition halls , auditoriums

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what is created using spherical triangulations.

A

geodesic dome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

geodesic domes can be constructed of

A

wood , steel , concrete, plywood, bamboo and aluminum p. 282

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what is usually provided in building with pitched roofs to increase living space in attic

A

dormers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what roofs may be supported by open web steel joists and steel beams

A

flat roofs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

horizontal structural member used to support a ceiling or floor.

A

joist p. 283

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Traditional wood joist roof uses solid wood joist that tend to lose their strength gradually, this loss of strength results in the roof becoming ‘’

A

soft or spongy b4 failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

in modern construction box beams and i beams are made of ‘’ and wood truss joist are often used to support ‘’

A

plywood /flat roofs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

i beams render ‘’ in a fire

A

fail early

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

open web design of truss joist permit ‘’ in spread of fire direction ‘‘to the truss joist instead of simply’’ the long dimension of members

A

rapid/perpendicular / along

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

unprotected lightweight open web joist of any material should be expected to ;; in fire

A

fail quickly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

fire proofing can be omitted from roof supports when the roof is located more than ‘’ above the floor in an assembly

A

20 ft p. 284

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

deflection and vibration are an indication of

A

lightweight roof construction and should use caution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

with what roof is the main joist located at the level of the ceiling and a framework is constructed above the main joist to support the roof deck.

A

inverted roof

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

from outside ‘’ look like any other flat roof but the design creates ‘’ that may be several ft in eight between ceiling and roof deck

A

inverted roof /concealed space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

truss that is constructed w/ deep triangular portion projecting down instead of up

A

inverted truss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

roofing system constructed on site, often uses dimensional lumber with nails and screws

A

conventionally framed roof

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

inclined beams that support roof , runs parallel to the slope to which the roof deck is attached

A

rafters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

highest horizontal member in a pitched rood which the upper ends of the rafters attached also know as ‘’

A

ridge board/ ridgepole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

horizontal roof framing members in the top 3rd of the framing system braces roof framing against the uplift of wind

A

cooler tie

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

horizontal roof framing member at the bottom of the framing system ; helps keep walls from spreading due ti the weight of roof

A

rafter tie p285

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

most common roof types with conventional framing include

A

shed, gable, hip , gambrel, mansard

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

if architect desires to leave the underside of the roof exposed w/o joists, a ‘’ must be used to support rafter s

A

structural ridge beam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

fasteners common to conventional roof framing

A

nails /screws at connection points
hvy bolts or brackets in heavy timber construction
architectural hardware for exposed beams

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

what are comply made of wood

A

rafters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

ridge beams are often ‘’ size larger that rafter

A

1 p. 286

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

what are common roof supports systems

A

pre engineered roof framing ( roof trusses )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

truss structure w/ the chords and diagonal members arranged in parrallel planes. also known as

A

commons truss /monoplane truss

53
Q

what spaces in truss roof construction are large b/c of the unblocked distance b’tw the ‘’ chord and ‘’ chord and ‘‘supports of truss systems

A

void, top bottom, internal

54
Q

when fighting fire in a building w/ structural truss components, th AHJ should consider prioritizing what ?

A

defensive fire opts p. 287

55
Q

what trusses which use a curved top chord were once commonly used for roofs and many remain in use.

A

bowstring

56
Q

the top chord ‘’ tries to ‘’ the bottom chord ‘’ maintain the shape of the top chord through ‘’

A

bow, strengthen, string , tension

57
Q

'’failure of what element of a bowstring truss will lead to catastrophic failure

A

any single.288

58
Q

what trusses are most common types used for pitched roofs

A

fink and pratt

59
Q

what will often behave true to their construction material in fire

A

arches

60
Q

material used in arches

A

masonry , laminated wood , steel

61
Q

tie rods extending through the interior of the building are usually

A

unprotected

62
Q

roof covering made of flexible material that may be applied to the roof decks as a continuous sheet( used on shallow pitch roofs)

A

roll roofing

63
Q

horizontal member b’tw trusses that support the roof

A

purlin

64
Q

components of roof decks include

A

sheathing, roof planks or slabs and purlins p. 289

65
Q

what decking is frequently used in application where it serves as both decks and the exterior roof covering

A

corrugated steel

66
Q

materials used in roof decks include

A

plywood
wood planks
corrugated steel
precast gypsum or concrete planks
pored gypsum
poured concrete
cement planks counting wood fiber

67
Q

wood planks will have a minimum ‘’ nominal thickness

A

1 inch

68
Q

corrugated steel uses roof decking from ‘’ gauge to ‘’ thickest with all around decking of

A

29 - 12/ 3/4-2 in

69
Q

gypsum has the advantage of being

A

nailable p. 290

70
Q

practice in multistory building w/ flat roofs is to use the same structural system for the ‘’ as the ‘’ b’c its more economical

A

roofs and floors

71
Q

some factors that affect he choice of roof covering include

A

maintenance requirement
durability
fire resistance

72
Q

ex. of conditions roofing material must resist include ‘’

A

punctures from hail

corrosion from fog, salt air, smoke and other pollutants

expansion and contraction from roof top temps p. 291

73
Q

what roofs drain more slowly that pitched roofs

A

flat roofs

74
Q

what is designed to reduce the diffusion of interior moisture into the insulation layer

A

vapor barrier

75
Q

Vapor barrier consist of a continuous sheet of material resistant to the passage water vapor including

A

plastic, aluminim foil , kraft paper laminated w/ asphalt , asphalt saturated roofing felt

76
Q

what layer reduces heat loss through the roof

A

thermal layer

77
Q

what can be poured insulation materials

A

portland cement or gypsum

78
Q

what used under roof consists of waterproof material that keep out rain and snow from interior of building

A

membrane

79
Q

3 general categories of membranes are

A

built up , single ply and fluid applied

80
Q

what uses several overlapping layers of roofing felt saturated w/ a bituminous material that may be tar or asphalt

A

built up membrane

81
Q

single membrane laid in sheets on the roof deck.

A

single ply membrane p. 292

82
Q

most common singe ply membranei is made

A

synthetic rubber material, ethylene propylene diene monomer ( EPDM)
other materials
polyvinyl chloride / chlorinated polyethylene

83
Q

membrane useful for curved roof surfaces

A

fluid applied membranes

84
Q

materials used in membrane are

A

neoprene
silicone
polyurethane
butyl rubber p. 293

85
Q

built up roofs that use gravel as the wear course are commonly known as

A

tar and gravel roofs

86
Q

what which consist of bundles of reeds, grasses or leaves is also a covering for pitched roofs

A

thatch

87
Q

asphalt shingles are usually installed over ‘’ which is a layer of roofing felt or synthetic covering

A

underlayment

88
Q

modern asphalt shingles are ‘’ based

A

fiberglass

89
Q

most come size of asphalt shingle

A

12x36p. 294

90
Q

what shingles are fundamnetly combustible. they tend to drip and run under fire conditions and produce heavy black smoke

A

asphalt

91
Q

historically asphalt shingles where made up of

A

rag, paper or wool fiber p. 295

92
Q

different b’tw wood shingles and shakes are

A

method of production

93
Q

wood shingles are thin ‘

A

thin slabs of wood the are sawn from pieces of tree trucks

94
Q

shakes are ‘’ split from the wood and are ‘’ than shingles

A

manually or machined / thicker

95
Q

how much is exposed of a wood shingle when installing

A

1/3

96
Q

’’ tiles are noncombustible and produce fire - resistant roof covering that have excellent resistance to flying brands

A

clay, slate and cement

97
Q

problems with tiles

A

get lose and fall

slippery
brittle and my have sharp edges p. 296

98
Q

’’ is produced from hard rock that has a tendency to split along one plane, this makes it produced in a smooth sheet as thin as ‘’ or as thick as’’

A

slate , 1/16, 1/1/2 in

99
Q

slate had a weight of

A

8-36 pounds per sq ft

100
Q

slate has a life expectancy of

A

150 years

101
Q

’’ tile is dene, had and nonabsorbent material and can be used for flat or curved tiles . curved tiles are known as

A

clay / mission used in spanish architect

102
Q

tiles made from portland cement , aggregate and water

A

concret tiles

103
Q

metal roof coverings may use several materials such as

A

galvanized or painted sheet metal
copper
zinc
aluminum
lead

104
Q

practice to avoid corrosion may include

A

use same nail as metal or use insulating between nail and sheeting p. 297

105
Q

in order to be a 3rd party listed product, material are subject to 6 senate test including

A

intermittent flame exposure text
during brand test
flying brand test
rain test
weather test
spread of flame

106
Q

class a roof covering are effective against

A

severe fire exposure

107
Q

class B coverings are effective against

A

moderate fire exposure

108
Q

class c coverings are effective against

A

light fire exposure

109
Q

nfpa 256

A

standard of methods of fire test of roof coverings

110
Q

what evaluates the fire hazard of specific roof covering

A

astm e-108

111
Q

what is the building 1st line of defense against the elements

A

roof

112
Q

reason rain roofs may be installed over existing roofs

A

to cover deterred roofing element
change profile of building
update architectural design p. 299
cost effective
less disruptive

113
Q

rains roofs problems for FF

A

when combustible abetter void space they can be difficult to deck , access and extinguish

smalls spaces are create b’tw 2 roofs that can entrap ff

not structural soil enough to support the weight of ff ops

114
Q

greatest benefit of green roofs / hazard

A

increase energy effeciency / incased weight p. 300

115
Q

’’ produces reliable clean energy.

A

photovoltaic system ( solar )

116
Q
A
117
Q

a single unit of solar energy collector is referred to as as

A

cell

118
Q

a series of solar cells is called a

A

panel or module

119
Q

a system of solar panels or shingles is called a

A

array

120
Q

energy feed from photovoltaic cells cannot be

A

isolated or shut off even when power is shut off the cells are isolated from building electric system ( they continue to store power )

121
Q

all wiring and conduits must be assumed to be

A

live p. 301

122
Q

codes for solar include

A

clear space along edges and ridges of roofs

clear aisle space
min visibility of components
labeling
external shutoff switches
ability to rapid shut down system

123
Q

whats roofs take many forms such as potted plants and flower boxes ro layer of earth with growing plants covering large areas

A

green roof

124
Q

a rooftop garden is a what load

A

dead p. 302

125
Q

small structures on main roof , for the purpose of stairways enclosure, elevator machinery enclosure, equipment enclosure or addition living space

A

penthouses

126
Q

purpose of ‘’ is to provide natural light to building ,

A

skylights

127
Q

building coe restricts the material used in skylight to

A

plastic, wired glass or tempered glass

128
Q

what can be spring loaded or manually operated

A

skylights p. 303

Building construction (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions