chapter 5 Flashcards
foundations
1
Q
Interior’'’can include:
plaster, gypsum, wood paneling, ceiling titles, plastic, fiberboard
A
finishes
2
Q
wall coverings include
A
decorative furnishing, vegetation and draperies
3
Q
materials that do not present a continuous surface may be
A
counter tops, doors and window frames
4
Q
interior finishes may be classified as
A
trim
5
Q
interior finishes may be classified as ‘’’ if they meet what:
do not exceed 10 % of the wall and ceiling area
distributed through the space
do not constitute large continuous surface p. 138
A
trim
6
Q
flame spread is movement of ‘’ away from the ignition source.
A
flame away from the ignition source
7
Q
speed at which flame will spread over the surface of a material is
A
surface burning characteristics
8
Q
any enclosed space without internal fire barriers
A
compartment
9
Q
Flame spread over a specific material can be measured and predicted in degrees known as ‘’’ of the material when evaluating :
composition, orientation, thickness of material
ventilation
shape and size of compartment
finished material on ceiling or wall
A
surface burning characteristics
10
Q
what is the most significant factor that determines a fuels burn rate IS A COMBO OF
A
combo of fuel and available oxygen
11
Q
another factor that greatly affects a materials burning characteristics is the manner in which ‘’ is mounted
A
interior finish is mounted
12
Q
building code usually exclude reference to surface treatment such as paint and wall paper no thicker than
A
1/24 inch
13
Q
flooring covers have increased developed as a factor int he development of fires especially with the intro if
A
deep pile floor carpets
14
Q
refers to a device or atrial that has been tested by any of the several testing labs
A
listed
15
Q
coating or paintlik product that expands when exposed to the heat of a fire ( insulating barrier )
A
intumescent coating
16
Q
heat resistant construction adhesive material that can be used as a fire retardant coating
A
mastics
17
Q
types of ‘’’ coating:
intumescent coating
mastics
gas forming paint
cementitious and mineral fiber coating.140
A
fire retardants
18
Q
compartments enclosed with rated assemblies can provide areas of ‘’
A
areas of refuge for occupants when immediate of rapid exaction is not possible
19
Q
section of building separated from each other by fire resistant partition
A
fire area
19
Q
amount of water required to extinguish a fire in a timely manner
A
fire flow
19
Q
having occupancy remain in structure ro protect them from rapidly approaching hazards
A
shelter in place
19
Q
assemblies of building components such as doors, roofs ad other structural features that may b/c of code required to have a fire rating ( labeled assembly /fire rated )
A
rated assembly
19
Q
fire rated wall w/ specified degree of fire resistance
A
fire wall
19
Q
freestanding walls must be designed to resist a lateral load of at least ‘’ PER SQ FT
A
5 pounds per sq ft
19
containing a fire greatly reduces potential
economic loss
19
historically fire walls were required to have a fire rating of
4 hours
19
''' walls are erected at a column line in a building of steel frame or concrete frame construction.. must have sufficient strength to resist “”” pulls of the collapse of the framework on either side
tied walls, lateral pulls
19
'' are SELF SUPPORTING WALLS self with respect to vertical loads found in what type buildings x2
free standing walls ( found in type 3 or 5 building ) p.146
19
fire barriers that extend from 1 floor to the BOTTOM of the floor above or to the underside of a fire rated ceiling assembly ( interior walls that do not qualify as fire walls but are used to subdivide floors ) Lower level of protection in a fiRE Luca wall
fire partition
19
fire wall connected to a line of columns
tied wall
19
4 hour fire walls must be constructed of
masonry or concrete p. 147
19
vertical extension of an exterior walll ( above roofline )
parapet wall
19
fire walls are unpopular w/ designers because
cost, free movement for occupants or material , unattractive
19
fire partitions can be constructed of:
L
P
G
CB
lath/plaster, gypsum wallboard, concrete block and combo of materials p.149
19
the purpose of enclosure walls is to block the vertical spread of fire through a buildings openings including:
S
SEP
ES
PC
stairwells
stairwells exits passageways
elevator shafts
pipe chases
19
stairwells in buildings 4 stories or shorter have to have a what hour rating
1 hour
19
according to build code what typically eliminates the need of fire walls
auto sprinkler systems
20
Types of places without fire walls:
F
W
RS
factories , warehouses , retail stores p. 149
20
taller than 4 stories have to have a '' hour rating
2 hours
21
most common construction material used for ''' walls is:
gypsum
lath and plaster
concrete bloc k
hollow clay tiles
enclosed
22
modern concrete walls are frequently used in building with what building material frame?
concrete
23
nonload bearing walls attached to the outside of a building w/ rigid steel frame.. Usually, the front exterior wall of a building intended to provide a certain appearance
curtain walls
24
''' serve what functions:
resist to environment
control heat loss
limit noise transmission
limit solar radiation.150
curtain walls
25
common materials used in ''' walls include:
glass
steal
stainless steal
aluminun lightweight concrete plastic
fiberglass
curtain
26
curtain walls are often what bearing
nonload bearing
27
Nonfire resistive curtain walls frequently extend from
floor to ceiling of 1 level p. 151
28
what is the most common means for protecting openings throughout fire rated walls ?
A specifically constructed, tested and approved fire-rated door assembly designed and installed to prevent fire spread by automatically sealing an opening in a fire wall to block the spread of fire is called a -
fire doors
29
in what increments are fire doors rated ?
20 mins - 4 hours
30
1/2 and 1/3 hour doors are primarily used in ?
SB
O2C
smoke barriers and openings to corridors.p.152
31
opening in fire wall is what class of fire door
A
32
opening in vertical shafts and openings in 2 hour rated partitions is what fire door rating
Class b
33
opening in exterior walls subject to moderate or light exposure from outside is what fire door rating
Class E
34
Opening between rooms and corridors, having a fire resistance of 1 hour or less
Class C
35
opening in exterior walls subject to Severe fire exposure from outside of a building is what fire door class
Class D
p. 153
36
'''' doors are often installed where:
along corridors to protect convenience openings
to protect an opening in a fire wall in industrial
on 1or both sides of a wall opening
at a opening in a wall that separates building
rolling overhead
37
''' doors are constructed of interlocking steel slats with other operating components like:
releasing device
speed governor
counterbalance mechanism
wall guides
rolling overhead
38
devices that fuses or melts when exposed to fire
fusable link
39
one architectural advantage of a rolling overhead door is that it is relatively
inconspicuous and Unobtrusive
40
rolling doors should never be used in PATHS OF '' without another one available.
path of egress without another one available. 154
41
wood core door protected with galvanized sheet metal steel or heavy metal exterior
metal clad door
42
similar to metal clad , except with lighter gauge metal
tin clad door
43
metal used often include:
S
GS
TP
steel, galvanized sheet metal , terneplate
44
most horizontal sliding doors are
metal clad or tin clad P.155
45
doors that open and close by swing, also known as hinged ( commonly protect stairwell enclosures and corridors
swinging fire doors
46
swing doors are usually found in:
H
A
S
health care , apartments schools p.156
47
Regarding special ''' , code identifies parameter for special purpose fire doors that can be used in application with freight /passager elevtors, service counter openings , security counter opening, security, dumbwaiter and chute openings p.157
fire doors
48
General term for small pieces of equipment made of metal
hardware
49
wood swinging fire doors include hardware that can also be referred to as
builders hardware or fire door hardware
50
'''' hardware can include:
hinges
locks
latches
bolts
closers
builders
51
''' components may include:
hinges
vent holes ( tin clad door only) adjustable springs
catch
latch bar
keepers.158
hardware
52
what can be released as part of the programmed response during fire alarm activation regarding doors?
electromagnetic door holders ( faster than fusible links 159
53
limitation of smoke detectors are :
HC
C
P
higher cost, requires periodic cleaning and must be positioned right
54
Glass or thermoplastic panel in a wall or other barrier that allows light to pass through ... ( used in fire doors when visibility is desired )
glazing
55
1st type of fire rated glazing was
wired glass
56
wired glass will what in fire
crack but remain in place until the wire softens
57
modern glazing does not include
wire
58
nfpa 80 requires that each piece of glazing installed in a fire door include
listing mark that remains visible after install
59
series of horizontal slats that are angled to permit easy ventilation in 1 direction of flow and restrict vent in opposite direction
louvers
60
what must auto close in fire conditions( releasing fusible link )
louvers
61
louvers cannot be arbitrarily installed in Fire doors only Fire doors that are listed for installation of louvers can have ?
louvers installed right
62
In the international community, what term is used instead of “interior finish?
Interior lining
63
Heat-resistant construction adhesives that bond with most materials are known as what? ..
Form a thick noncombustible coating over the surface of the wood
mastics
64
Modern building codes also use material flame flame spread ratings to restrict the type of interior finish material and some applications building codes generally allowed an increase in flames spread rating of interior advantages, materials, and buildings equipped with'''
Automatic sprinklers
65
The first effort at evaluating controlling the combustibility of interior finish materials begin after several '''' early investigation of a roll of interior finish material concentrated on evaluating the speed with which flame can spread over the'''''.
Hotel fires
Surface of a material
66
During a fire, thin materials behave in a manner similar to the material to which they are attached because the heat is transmitted to the material beneath the surface material in contrast multiple layers of surface material, such as several layers of vinyl act as ''' and will contribute to the spread of fire.
Insulators
67
Coatings must be applied at a specific rate of square feet per gallon and may require
More than one coat
68
Treatments may require re-application as specified intervals, especially when used in ''' applications or environments with high humidity
Exterior
69
Material that is listed as a fire retardant coding does not increase the fire resistance of structural components or assemblies unless it has also been tested and listed for use in '''
fire Resistive assemblies
70
Because fire retardant coatings are easily applied and attempt it may be made to use them outside their listing as an ''' to other required protections
alternative
71
What is another name for a rated assembly
Labeled assembly
72
'' served the following functions:
Aesthetics, concealment of building utilities, including piping and wiring
Improved control of light, diffusion, and air circulation
Change in interior decor when an older buildings
Ceilings
73
'''' materials can be attached directly to the underside of a roof joist or trusses or they can be installed at a distance beneath the roof support creating a considerable concealed space concealed space may disguise the type of roof structure above
Ceilings
74
'''specify details, such as:
Materials that can be used
Allowable spaces of structural members
Type spacing and nail screw patterns of the fasteners
Listings
75
When a building on one side of a fire wall is heavily involved, what is a natural line upon which to establish a defense..
What types of structure subdivides a building into smaller areas so that a fire in one section will not spread to and destroy the other sections or the entire building?
Firewall
76
What range of parapet heights are standard above a combustible roof according to building codes? '' to '' inches
18 to 36 inches
77
One purpose of divisions is to maintain the threshold for requirements of factors such as ''' or allowable areas for example firewalls could divide 100,000 square-foot warehouse into four 25,000 square-foot ''''
Fire flow
fire areas
78
Firewalls must have sufficient fire resistance, and structural stability to serve as an ''' to a fire and structural collapse on either side of the wall with a section of a building on one side of the firewall becomes heavily involved. The firewall is a natural line along which establishes a '''
Absolute barrier
Defense
79
Building codes sometimes have exceptions for fire wall specifications in which type of buildings?
type 5
80
Four-hour rated firewalls must be constructed of what two materials?
Concrete or masonry
81
In steel frame buildings and steel members such as a column that may be incorporated into the firewall must be provided with the same degree of fire resistance required for the '''' wall
The structural framework must have sufficient strains to resist the '' pulls of the collapse of framework on either side
Fire wall
Lateral pulls p. 147
82
In some cases, developers may circumvent the requirements regarding firewall by building '''''' walls structures with separate exteriors very near to each other. This technique is often using dense population neighborhoods of single-family residences. Instruct shares as close as 18 inches apart, rated construction take the place of the clear space to prevent fire spread from one structure to adjacent exposure
Freestanding walls p. 148
83
Tied walls be able to resist '' COLLAPSE.
Lateral collapse
84
Modern curtain walls are frequently used in buildings with (TYPE OF MATERIAL)''''' frames
Buildings with concrete frames
85
The development of steel framed high-rise buildings led to the existence of ''' a style of wall designed to separate the interior environment from the exterior environments
curtain walls
86
Newer ''' wall optic constructed using a combination of materials, newer types can be constructed with metal panels around core materials, such as expanding paper, honeycomb, and compressed glass fiber
Curtain wall
87
'''are supported at the edge of each floor of the building and may have a gap between the edge of the floor and the curtain wall openings may be several inches wide and can provide a path for fire spread up the inside.
Curtain walls
88
Non-fire resistant '' frequently extends from floor to ceiling of one level
design prevent any vertical communication of fire between floors of a building.
Curtain walls
89
What is an important function of a curtain wall.. Controlling '''
Controlling heat loss
90
What is one of the most common construction materials used for enclosure walls?
Gypsum
91
To affectively block the spread of fire, the entire rated fire door assembly must have a degree of fire resistance similar to THE FIRE RATED '''
The fire rated wall
92
NFPA '' uniform fire code
1
93
NFPA '' standard for fire door and other opening protectives
80
94
NFPA '' life safety code
101
95
NFPA'' building construction and safety code
5000
96
codes typically require 3 or 4 hour rated DOORS in firewall of greater than a '''' RATING
2 hour rating p. 153
97
Doors rated at 1 and 1/2 hours normally required for '''' hour rated vertical enclosures ..
2 hour
98
''' hour doors are used for Vertical enclosures and exit enclosures
One hour
99
What are the four fire doors?
Rolling overhead door
Horizontal sliding fire doors
Swinging fire doors
Special fire doors
100
What kind of letter classification is given to openings in VERTICAL shafts? (p. 153)
b
101
''' fire doors commonly protect stairwell, enclosures and corridors. They are available with ratings from 20 minutes to 3 hours
Swinging
102
What is a good fire door choice where the door frequently in the close position and provisions must be made for pedestrian traffic
Swinging door
103
Other types of''' doors include horizontal, sliding, accordion or folding doors. All types of doors are motor driven and require electrical power for operation a signal from a smoke detector or fire alarm system initiates the closing doors frequently where a fire rated partition is required, and the designer does not wish to provide a fixed wall to create an obstructed floor plan
Special fire doors
104
What is a primary disadvantage of a fusible link?
Slower to activate
105
What are rolling overhead doors often made from?
Steel slats
106
What is another name used for a metal-clad door?
kalemein door
107
A tin-clad door is often made from an alloy of tin and what other substance?
lead
108
Door ''' open and close the door for normal use often to use with sliding by your doors mounted on the level or incline track under fire control if usable link disconnect the door from the operator and allows the door to close using a sprint powered door or suspended
Operator
109
a ''is normally closed and Will return to the closed position using a spring hinge when opened and released self closing doors closers are used for application, including stairwell, doors and doors that separate hotel rooms from corridors
Self closing doors
110
''' can be used with sliding or swinging fire doors when used with a door hold open device the door will CLOSE automatically when signal
Door closures
111
A mechanical device that holds a door open and releases it upon a signal is called a -
Door hold-open device.
112
Which type of fire door CLOSING DEVICE is designed specifically for sliding fire doors mounted on an inclined or level track?
A DOOR OPERATOR
113
Doors that open and close above a large opening, such as in warehouse houses or garages and is usually one of the rolling, hinged panel or slab types, also known as rolling overhead doors
Overhead doors
114
If the room or space requires ventilation and the ''' are automatically closed by a fusible link or similar device during fire conditions IS WHEN A '''''' CAN be installed in a fire door?
louvers
115
In the international community, that term interior lining is used instead of
Interior finish
116
A series of BARRIERS designed to keep flames, smoke, and heat from spreading between spaces is known as -
Compartmentation.
117
Firewalls without parapets are not readily identifiable from the outside of the building, particularly for fire walls with a ____ hour rating that can be constructed of materials other than masonry.
2 hour
118
Fire doors are the most common application of fire-rated glazing with a rating up to ____ can be equipped with glazing.
3 hour
119
What type of fire-resistive measure is used to protect vertical openings such as stairwells and pipe chases? ''''' WALLLS
Enclosure wall
120
the Steiner Tunnel Test produces a ___ btu flame in the tunnel.
5000 btu
121
Mechanical device that closes the door, also known as self closing door..
Door closer
122
What door is normally closed and will return to the close position using a spring hinge when opened and released they are used for applications, including stairwell, doors and doors that separate hotel rooms from doors..
Door operators, opening and closing door for normal use often used with sliding fire doors mounted on a level or incline track under fire conditions a fusible wink disconnect the door from the operator and allows the door to close the spring power door close or system of suspended weights..
Self closing door
123
What type of special fire door is used instead of a fire partition in a service counter opening?
An electrically-powered horizontal-folding fire door.
124
Other types of specially purpose fire doors include'''
Both types are motor driven and require electric power for operations a signal from the smoke detector or fire alarm system initiations the door, closing a battery powers the motor when the regular power supply is interrupted..
Horizontally, sliding, accordion, or folding doors
125
Horizontal sliding accordion or folding doors are frequently used where a '''is required and the designer does not wish to provide a fixed wall to create it unobstructed floor plan... these types of doors are using a quarter separation in a lobby of a healthcare facility
A fire rated partition is required
126
A fire door that is normally closed and will return to the closed position using a spring hinge when opened and released is the definition of a ?
Self closing door
127
The letter designations used today that have been used to classify fire doors actually were meant to describe THE TYPE OF OPENING FOR WHICH THE ''''
door was intended.
128
Codes typically require ___ rated fire doors in fire walls of greater than 2-hour rating.
1- or 2-hour.
129
Fire doors with a fire protection rating of 1 hour or less are used in openings b'twn '' and ''''
Openings between rooms and corridors.
130
What types x2 of material is used to frame building is a "tied" firewall usually found?
A steel or concrete frame building.
131
The fire-resistive rating for a swinging fire door with automatic-closing louvers is '' hours
1 1/2 hours.
132
Freestanding fire walls are usually found in which type of building construction? X2
3/5
133
Horizontal sliding fire doors are often equipped with a hole through the center of the door. What is the purpose of this hole?
To vent the gases of decomposition of the door's wood core when it is exposed to the heat of a fire.
134
Where is a firefighter most likely to encounter a swinging fire door?
In stairwell enclosures and corridors.
135
he International Building Code (IBC) also permits combustible structural members to be framed into a masonry or concrete firewall from opposite sides provided that there is a ___ inch separation between the ends of the structural members.
4 inch
136
A door, frame, and hardware assembly that has a fire-resistive rating from an independent testing agency is known as a -
Rated fire door assembly
137
Curtains walls serve the following functions:
REL
CHL
LN
LSR
Resist environmental loads
Control heat loss
Limit Noise transmission
LIMIT SOLAR RADIATION
