Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Building construction > chap 4 > Flashcards

chap 4 Flashcards

building systems

1
Q

continuous and unobstructed path of exit travel from any point in a building or structure to a public way

A

means of egress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

stairs that usually connect 2 floors in a multistory building(NOT part of the means of egress )

A

convenience stairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

horizontal face of step

A

tread

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

vertical part of a stair step

A

riser

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

horizontal measurement of a stair tread or the distance of the entire stair length

A

run

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

vertical distance b’tw the treads of a stairway, or the height of the entire stairway

A

rise p. 94

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

6 types of stairs

A

straight run , return , scissor, circular, folding and spiral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Intermediate landing b’tw floors and reverse direction at that point( common in modern construction)

A

return stairs p.95

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

2 separate sets of stairs constructed in common shaft( cheaper and space efficient ) Often used in assembly building that have large floor to ceiling height

A

scissor stairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Often found as grand stairs or convenience stairs serving only 2 levels

A

circular stairs p.96

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Series of steps spiraling around singe column to fit in a very small space ( primarily used in residential occupancy

A

spiral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Actually ladders used to provide access to an attic

A

folding stairs p.97

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

extend in 1 direction for entire length

A

straight run

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Exit stairs, as a component of the required means of egress, must meet strict requirements to ensure safe passage during buildings evacuation. this includes

A

fire- resistance rating of the enclose

separation when exterior stairs are utilized

features to ensure safety during both nonemergency and emergency use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What stairs must resist the effects of the products of combustion

A

Protected stairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Measures indicated in building codes to protect stair enclosures include

A

Limited penetrations in the enclosure for light, fire protection and environmental control

required self or automatic closing fire rated doors

separation from the rest of building

stairway vestibules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

stairs separated from interior of a building by walls

A

exterior stairs p. 98

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

fire escapes are sully anchored to the building, and the anchor points may fail w/o warning due to ?

A

damage from freeze- thaw cycle

corrosion from pollution and weather

inadequate mortar holding the anchors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

active vs passive fire protection

A

A- moving mechanical or eletric parts that work as a system and require power ( fire alarm )

P- no system activation or movement relies on building construction ( fire walls ) p. 99

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

building code typically allows the use of open stairs in building only when they connect

A

no moe that 2 adjacent floors above basement level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

system used to transport items and materials

A

conveyor system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

conveyors systems often penetrate fire barriers, and are protected by features such as

A

fire doors , shutters and water spray fixed fire suppression system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Safeguards against incomplete closure include

A

auto stop controls

breaks in conveyor

multi layers of doors or shutters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Conveyor transport devices alined as a stair way with electrically powered steps that move in 1 direction

A

escalators p. 101

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Escalators may be stopped for reasons including :

A

routine, maintenance

emergency operations

periods of low capacity in building

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

most common protection for vertical openings is to use closely spaced ?

A

sprinklers and draft stops around openings p. 102

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Asme/ANSI A17.1 are based on

A

elevator regs p. 103

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Types of elevators according to their use ?

A

passager ( pp)

freight ( bulky or heavy things)

service ( can carry pp or freight)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

2 most common types of power in elevators

A

hydraulic and electric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Elevators operate via fluid forced , under pressure into a cylinder contains a piston to ram

A

hydraulic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Historically, practical upper limits for hydraulic elevators was about

A

6 stories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Elevators using a hoist cable and drum

A

electric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

4 common STYLES of elevators

A

Drum ( intended for passenger use)

Traction ( passenger use )

Machine room less ( passage use )

dumbwaiter ( cargo )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Drum elevators use?

A

Hoisting cable Wound on a drum located in a motor room directly one the hoist way

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Vertical shaft in which elevators travel

A

hoistway p. 105

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Obsolete and found in very old structures or in use as freight elevators

A

drum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Most common type of elevator in buildings over 6 stories ( fast and do not have height limitations )

A

traction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

what reduces the amount of energy needed to raise the elevators

A

counterweights

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Electrical circuit in which the current can move through the circuit and bolt directions and the flow can be constantly reversing?

A

Alternating current circuit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Electrical circuit in which the current moves through the circuit and only One Direction

A

Directo Current p.106

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

on elevators with DC motor, what stops the car and what do the brakes do

A

motor stops car and brakes hold the car in place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

when electromagnets release and the brakes shoes are forced abasing the drum what is happening

A

power failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Hoistways that include all components

A

machine room less

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Passenger safety devices on elevators ?

’’ switch that terminates power b4 elevators hits upper or lower limit

’’ large spring or hydraulic cylinders and pistons at the bottom of pits inside terminal switch fails

’’ speed governors , activates if going to fast

’’ activated if the speed reducing switch fails to slow the car

’’ steel jaws that wedge against the guide rails and bring to stop (designed to stop a free falling car)

A

Terminal devices - switch that terminates power b4 elevators hits upper or lower limit

buffers- large spring or hydraulic cylinders and pistons at the bottom of pits inside terminal switch fails

speed reducing switch - speed governors , activates if going to fast

overspeed switch - activated if the speed reducing switch fails to slow the car

car safeties - steel jaws that wedge against the guide rails and bring to stop (designed to stop a free falling car) p. 108

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

extends down from the lowest floor landing to the bottom of the hositway

A

pit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Elevator hosyways are required to have a what fire rating

A

1 or 2 hours p. 109

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

what walls panels that are braced agaist lateral loads( Maybe nonload bearing or bearing)

A

shear walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

tendency of heat, smoke and other prouducts of combustion to rise until they encounter a horizontal obstruction

A

mushrooming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

used for express Elevators that serves only upper floors of tall buildings

A

blind hostway

50
Q

4 or more elevators must have a min of how many hositwasy

A

2

51
Q

zones often include how many floors

A

15-20 in a row. 110

52
Q

if the doors are open in an elevtor the what will happen

A

it will stop moving

53
Q

how to Elevator doors open ?

A

the vane strikes the roller that releases the histway door lock , the door than opens

54
Q

how do doors close

A

a weight forces the hoist way door closed, drining vane moves away from the roller and the hositway doors are relocked p. 111-12

55
Q

vertical shaft that contains utility services such as laundry( can provide a path for smoke or fire )

A

utility chase

56
Q

space for gravity aided removal of trash or laundry

A

refuse chute

57
Q

what are required at tops of chutes and termination rooms

A

sprinklers p. 114

58
Q

what are typical installed over deep fryers and grills part of ecshaut system for commercial cooking appliance

A

grease ducts p. 115

59
Q

concealed vertical channel in which pipes and other unity conduit are housed.

A

pipe chase

60
Q

Pipe chase contain piping needed for services including

A

hot and cold water

drain lines

steam

hot and chilled water of heating/cooling

sprinkler piping

61
Q

what creates and maintains a comfortable living environment for people

A

HVAC

62
Q

TYPE OF ROOFTOP projection historically used for ventilation and lighting and modernly added for aesthetics

A

Cupola `p.117

63
Q

what draws air from outside sources into the building

A

outside air intake

64
Q

codes regulate the location of air intakes to MIN drawing in the following hazards

A

combustible , flammable or toxic substance , vehicle exhaust and smoke from fires p. 118

65
Q

fuels used in fuel - fired heating equip are ? other types ?

A

GAS OR OIL / ELETRIC OR STEam

66
Q

UNOCCUPIED space w/in a building through which air flows back to the HVAC . usually above a ceiling and below insulated roofs or the floor above

A

return air plenum

67
Q

device that automatically restricts the flow of smoke through all or parts of an air handling system ( activated by fire alarm system )

A

smoke damper

68
Q

device that auto restricts the flow of air through all or part of an air handling system. ( activated by fire alarm or fusible links)

A

fire damper p.119

69
Q

Vent systems designed to remove stale air, smoke, vapors or other airborne contaminants

A

exhaust system

70
Q

building heating and cooling system that uses air as a heat transfer medium

A

forced air system

71
Q

Systems that use extensive ducting are of great interest to fire protection engineers and FF because of what disadvantages

A

pathways for comm of heat and smoke

penetration of fire rated assemblies that can destroy the integrity of assembly

dedicated use of substantial amount of space

72
Q

Building heating and cooling system that uses water as a heat transfer medium

A

hydronic system

73
Q

rooftop or independent unit hat ejects waste heat into the atmosphere to lower temps in system

A

cooling tower

74
Q

movement of air back into a vent system after being ejected

A

recirculation

75
Q

NFPA 901 requires what for enclosure less than 4 stories and what for taller than 4 regarding fire rating ?

A

1 hour fire rating / 2 p. 120

76
Q

protective treatment for exterior windows designed to withstand hurricane conditions

A

hurricane glazing

77
Q

strategic use of passive and active devices to direct or stop movement of smoke

A

smoke control

78
Q

setting on an HVAC SYSTEM OR FIRE ALARM CONTROL unit that can be activated auto or manually to initiate a programmed smoke control procedure

A

smoke control mode p. 121

79
Q

Factors designers must anticipate regarding smoke control system
Fs
W
V
MP

A

fire size , weather , volume , max pressure diff across barriers

80
Q

whats systems can signal HVAC controls to transfer to smoke control mode

A

smoke detectors , heat detectors and sprinkler waterflow switches

81
Q

a primary disadvantage of a auto alarm system is the # of elements that must be coordinated for max benefit including ?

A

fire alarm , auto sprinklers and HVAC zones

82
Q

Manaul pull station accessible to public should active only what

A

alarm system not smoke control

83
Q

interface b’tw smoke MNGT system and fire respond

A

FF smoke control station

84
Q

Advantage of Manual control

A

no system disruptions due to false alarm and more specific system control

85
Q

rooftop smoke vents are typically required in what kind of building

A

industrial , storage and mercantile,123

86
Q

noncombustible barriers of dividers hung from ceiling in large open areas that are designed to Minimize the mushrooming effect

A

draft curtains

87
Q

draft curtains should not be less than what % of ceiling height

A

20

88
Q

curtain boards should not be spaced so that they are not farther apart than

A

8 x the ceiling height.124

89
Q

method used to determine the vent area requires an analysis of the ? x3
HRF
CH
DCB

A

heat release of fuel , ceiling height and depth of curtain boards

90
Q

roof vents in sprinkled building are what than sprinklered building ? Because ?

A

less effective than in non sprinklers building b/c there is less smoke due to the sprinkler cooling the gases

91
Q

smoke vents are what loaded and what must FF due when opening

A

spring .. must position away from hatch b4 operating

92
Q

fully enclosed escape Stairway that exits directly onto a public way.. these enclosures are either mechanically pressurized, or they require the user to exit the building onto an outside balcony before entering the stairway.

A

smoke tower

93
Q

smoke tower requires what expensive concession

A

location on the periphery(outside surface) floor plan , dedicated floor spaces, corridor access to stair well p.125

94
Q

stairwell pressurization system that uses 1 point of supply air … Uses Fans to supply air to a stairwell at a single point

A

single injection system

95
Q

stairwell pressurization system that uses an air supply shaft that discharges soppy air at uniform rates along several points w/in stairwell

A

multiple injection system p. 126

96
Q

in what system can airflow into the stairwell be adjusted on a # of doors that may be open , pressure may be modulated or vented

A

compensated system

97
Q

air presser above normal or atmospheric pressure

A

overpressure

98
Q

what uses input pressure sensors that compare the stairwell and the intro of the building ?

A

modulation

99
Q

Modulations use input pressure sensors that compare the stairwells and the interior of the building the system, then adapts the fan components to reach the appropriate level of pressurization in the stairwell.. Adjustment used in modulation can affect the following x4’’’

A

speed of fan , inlet vanes , variable pitch fan blade and # of fans operating

100
Q

high voltage equipment is defined as operating ? low voltage

A

600 volts or higher / less than 600

101
Q

device that uses coils and magnetics fields to increase or decrease incoming voltage

A

transformers.128

102
Q

2 most common cooling methods for transformers

A

air and oil

103
Q

air cooled transformers also called ? use what to cool the units fins, heatsink ad vent openings

A

dry transformer/ surrounding air

104
Q

most modern day transformers are designed for use inside

A

sprinklered spaces

105
Q

what Appliances us electricity us at 480 V by/227

A

Hvac , refrigeration and other motors/light fixtures

106
Q

480/227 V services buildings

A

schools , hostpicals , malls, factories big box stores

107
Q

Dry transformers are located through the building to step down the voltage to 120 for resources such as

A

officer equip, table lamps and appliances

108
Q

High temp luminous eletric discharge across a gap

A

arc

109
Q

material that is a poor conductor of electricity, added to tool handles

A

dielectic

110
Q

toxic compound found in some older oil filled eletric transformers

A

polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb)p.129

111
Q

transformers inside buildings are located but in high raised

A

at or near grade/ upper levels

112
Q

transformers in buildings must be rated for what it not protected by sprinklers and if they are protected

A

3 hours / 1 hour

113
Q

backup systems may consist of

A

generators , batteries or combo of both

114
Q

emergency backup generators are used where

A

highrises , denetions centeres, fire , police , telecommunication facilites

115
Q

generators are typically what driven

A

engince using gas, diesel , propane or natural gas

116
Q

day tanks for generators are limited to how many gallons

A

60p.130

117
Q

a system including a battery , charger and electrical equipment for a application

A

stationary storage battery system,131

118
Q
A
119
Q

Primary safety hazard at conveyor penitentiary during a fire

A

Incomplete shutter closure

120
Q

Make cards about stairs more specific

A

Do it

Building construction (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions