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Building construction > chapter 6 > Flashcards

chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

the function of what is to transfer a buildings weight to the ground ?

A

foundation

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2
Q

physical qualities of the materials at the surface of the earth, affects a buildings foundation and size `

A

soil property

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3
Q

2 strategies used to asses soil are

A

test pits and test boring

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4
Q

highest level of ground water saturation of subsurface material

A

water table

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5
Q

common depth at which ground water in soil will freeze.

A

frost line

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6
Q

sheet like layer of rock or earth: numerous other layers , each w/ different characteristics

A

stratum

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7
Q

what are used when test pit may not reach deep enough

A

test boring

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8
Q

part of the building in contact w/ the bearing soil ; thicker that columns or foundation wall .

A

footings

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9
Q

several other factors that influence the type and depth of the foundation include :

A

soil condition at the site

type of building

building intended structure and content

lateral forces( seismic/wind)

work space requirement

influence on adjacent exposure

building codes and regs.170

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10
Q

shallow foundations usually use what to transmit the building load to the soil in a limited amount of space

A

reinforced concrete footing

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11
Q

increased thickness of a floor slab at its edges is known as

A

monolithic floor

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12
Q

continuous strip of concrete that support a wall also known as ( strip footing )

A

wall footing

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13
Q

square pad of concrete that supports a column.

A

column footing

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14
Q

parallel structural beams ( often steel) arranged in multiple layers at the right angles to each other

A

grillage footings.171

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15
Q

thick slab beneath the entire area of a building. thicker than simple slab on grade foundation

A

mat slab foundation

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16
Q

shallow foundation type the supported building plots as the supporting earth contracts and expands with season

A

floating foundation.172

17
Q

what are driven into the ground and support a load by transferring the load either through friction with the surging soil or contact with rock,

A

piles

18
Q

system of upright posts mounted to wedge shaped concrete piers that transfer the weight of the structure to the ground

A

piers

19
Q

when a pier is designed with a footing its known as

A

belled pier p. 172

20
Q

protective sleeve used to keep water out of an excavation for pier

A

caisson

21
Q

vertical element of a foundation

A

foundation wall

22
Q

cement like liquid material that hardens and bonds masonry units into solid mass

A

mortar

23
Q

closed cell foam used for a growing number of purposes including building insulation. properties include rigidity, low weight and formability

A

expanded polystyrene ( eps )

24
Q

hollow EPS blocks can be filled with concrete to create

A

insulated concrete forms ( icf) p. 174

25
Q

icf construction can be used for applications including

A

foundations

above /below grade walls

other structural apps

26
Q

eps helps conserve cost and energy in what ways

A

conserves het in cold weather

reduce the energy needed for AC in warm weather

foundation limit the transfer of heat to the surrounding soil

may be used in areas with a shallower front line

27
Q

types of movements

A

settlement - downward movement

heaving - upward movement

lateral displacement - outward movement

28
Q

symptoms of settlement

A

listed building frame

sloped floors

cracked walls/ glass
improperly working doors and windows

damaged building utilities and systems p 175

29
Q

causes of differential settlement include

A

non uniform soil conditions under foundation

footing of different sizes

footies placed at diff elevations

unequal load on footings

30
Q

device that can be used as a temp support for formwork or structural component or used to holding sheeting against a trench

A

shoring

31
Q

the use of permanent supports to strenghting an existing found

A

under pinning p. 176

Building construction (12 decks)

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