chapter 6 Flashcards by Riccardo Caruso

the function of what is to transfer a buildings weight to the ground ?

foundation

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physical qualities of the materials at the surface of the earth, affects a buildings foundation and size `

soil property

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2 strategies used to asses soil are

test pits and test boring

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highest level of ground water saturation of subsurface material

water table

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The term for common depth at which ground water in soil will freeze.

frost line

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sheet like layer of rock or earth: numerous other layers , each w/ different characteristics

stratum

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what are used when test pit may not reach deep enough

test boring

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part of the building in contact w/ the bearing soil ; thicker that columns or foundation wall .

footings

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several other factors that influence the type and depth of the ‘’ include :

soil condition at the site

type of building

building intended structure and content

lateral forces( seismic/wind)

work space requirement

influence on adjacent exposure

building codes and regs.170

foundation

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shallow foundations usually use Reinforced ‘’’’’ footings to transmit the building load to the soil in a limited amount of space

reinforced concrete footing

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increased thickness of a floor slab at its edges is known as

monolithic floor

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continuous strip of concrete that support a wall also known as ( strip footing )

wall footing

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square pad of concrete that supports a column.

column footing

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parallel structural beams ( often steel) arranged in multiple layers at the RIGHT ANGELS to each other

grillage footings.171

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thick slab beneath the entire area of a building. thicker than simple slab on grade foundation

mat slab foundation

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The weight of the soil removed is equal to the weight of the building. the total weight supported at each soil layer beneath the building remains the same before and after excavation.. constructed in the same way as a Matlab foundation. What type of foundation is this?

floating foundation.172

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what are driven into the ground and support a load by transferring the load either through friction with the surging soil or contact with rock,

piles

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when a pier is designed with a footing its known as

belled pier p. 172

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protective sleeve used to keep water out of an excavation for pier

caisson

vertical element of a foundation

foundation wall

cement like liquid material that hardens and bonds masonry units into solid mass

mortar

closed cell foam used for a growing number of purposes including building insulation. properties include rigidity, low weight and formability

expanded polystyrene ( eps )

hollow EPS blocks can be filled with concrete to create

insulated concrete forms ( icf) p. 174

Insulated concrete foam (ICF) construction can be used for applications including:
F
A/B G W

foundations

above /below grade walls

other structural apps

Expanded POLYSTYRENE ( EPS) helps conserve cost and energy in what ways

conserves heat in cold weather reduce the energy needed for AC in warm weather foundation limit the transfer of heat to the surrounding soil may be used in areas with a shallower front line

types of movements S H LD

settlement - downward movement heaving - upward movement lateral displacement - outward movement

symptoms of '''' for listed building frame: Distorted building frame sloped floors cracked walls/ glass improperly working doors and windows damaged building utilities and systems p 175

Settlement

causes of differential '' include: non uniform soil conditions under foundation footing of different sizes footies placed at diff elevations unequal load on footings''

settlement

device that can be used as a temp support for formwork or structural component or used to holding sheeting against a trench

shoring

the use of permanent supports to strenghting an existing foundation

under pinning p. 176

Pits for test borings can reach what depth

8ft

Test pits allow what aspect of the soil to be observed and measured

Strata

For shallow foundations one story of soil can equal how many stories of building

5 to 8 stories

For floating foundation, the weight of the soil removed is equal to what

The weight to the building

Another name for pier

Beam

EPS stands for

Expanded polystyrene

''' can be used as a component of: Foundation wall May add to the Fire load Must also be protected from UV light

EPS

Hollow EPS block could be filled with””” to create ICF ( )

Concrete Insulated concrete form

What kind of movement does lateral displacement have?

Outward movement

A deep foundation type that uses BEAMS mounted on concrete wedges/blocks to support loads is called a -

PEIRS

A vertical element of a foundation that rests on the foundation footers is known as a -

Foundation wall

A foundation for which the volume of earth excavated will approximately equal the weight of the building supported is called a -

Floating foundation

At what location is a "wall footing" found in a foundation wal

Underneath and along the entire length of the wall foundation.

When the load-bearing capacity of the soil is not able to bear a heavy weight is when a '''' can be used?

"floating foundation"

What is the primary material used in the construction of a pier?

concrete