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Psyc of Personality > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

nomothetic view

A

believing that all traits exist in some form in every person

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2
Q

idiographic view

A

believing that each person has a unique set of traits

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3
Q

Jung’s 2 attitudes

A

introversion and extraversion

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4
Q

Jung’s functions

A

sensation/intuition
thinking/feeling
judgement/perception

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5
Q

what view did Jung take on traits?

A

nomothetic

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6
Q

Allport’s main thought on traits

A

we appear differently across situations (because our traits come out differently)

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7
Q

person-environment interaction

A

our personality changes depending on the situation

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8
Q

functional equivalence

A

when our bhvr may seem predictable bc we tend to see situations in the same way

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9
Q

personal disposition

A

trait unique to the person

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10
Q

functional autonomy of motives

A

a lot of our motives become independent from the original experiences they rooted from

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11
Q

proprium

A

core of personality made up of central dispositions

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12
Q

central dispositions

A

small group of traits that best describe our personality

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13
Q

cardinal dispositions

A

trait that dominates our personality

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14
Q

secondary dispositions

A

infrequent/inconsistent traits

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15
Q

what view did Allport take on traits

A

idiographic

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16
Q

Cattell’s factor analysis

A

enter a bunch of data and items that are highly correlated will be clustered together

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17
Q

Cattell’s lexical hypothesis

A

the most important traits are represented by the largest # of words

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18
Q

q-data
t-data
l-data

A

q: data from self reports and questionnaires
t: observational ratings
l: life data

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19
Q

what data did Cattell gather

A

q data; to look at adjectives people rated themselves and others on

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20
Q

Eysenck’s 2 supertraits

A

extraversions: outgoing, sensation seeking, social butterfly
neuroticism: anxious, trouble connecting, uncomfortable in the world

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21
Q

component traits

A

our habits and preferences

22
Q

4 personality types according to Eysenck

A

Introversion and emotional stability: controlled, careful, thoughtful, calm
Introversion and neuroticism: highly anxious, quiet, withdrawn, contained
Extraversion and emotional stability: tons of friends, not a lot of worry, easygoing, kind, socially skilled
Extraversion and neuroticism: anxious, hard time managing emotions, outwardly focused, sometimes histrionic, impulsive, sometimes aggressive, very excitable

23
Q

Eysenck’s psychoticism

A

emotionally detached, manipulative, lacking empathy, enjoying seeing others in pain

24
Q

the closer the culture is to ________ ________, the better the 5 factor model works

A

northern european (Western, UK, France, Germany, etc)

25
Q

who has more financial problems due to their impulsive tendency?

A

extraverts

26
Q

who experiences negative emotions more often and intensely?

A

neurotic individuals

27
Q

who tends to have poor academic performance due to their stress and emotional instability

A

neurotic ppl

28
Q

who has a focus on relationships, are emotionally supportive, cooperative, and sympathetic

A

agreeable ppl

29
Q

opposite of agreeable

A

skepticism, cynicism, hostile, grandiosity, egocentric

30
Q

who are less likely to cheat and more likely to live longer bc they carefully think about the outcomes of their bhvr

A

conscientious ppl

31
Q

who tend to have a higher IQ, live longer bc of their positive outlook, and have more short term sexual satisfaction

A

open individuals

32
Q

which alternative perspective trait isn’t added to the big 5 bc many say it’s a component of agreeableness?

A

honesty/humility

33
Q

dark triad of psychoticism

A

nonclinical psychopathy
nonclinical narcissism
machiavellianism

34
Q

nonclinical psychopathy traits

A

impulsive, lack empathy, risk takers, unemotional

35
Q

nonclinical narcissism traits

A

entitled, sense of superiority, arrogant

36
Q

machiavellianism traits

A

cynical, manipulative, use others in pursuit of one’s own goals, cold

37
Q

socialization vs actulization

A

socialization: low neuroticism, agreeable, conscientious; becoming a more stable person
actualization: extraversion and openness; developing to one’s full potential

38
Q

what does Jung call socialization and actualization

A

soc: stability
act: plasticity

39
Q

tradeoff b/w what when determining number of traits used in pers tests

A

parsimony and predictability

40
Q

Murray’s 4 basic needs

A

achievement: need to meet goals
affiliation: need to be connected to others
power and dominance: need to ctrl others
exhibition: need to be recognized

41
Q

expressiveness

A

degree to which emotions are revealed through behaviour

42
Q

who is better at faking emotions

A

ppl with a highly expressive style

43
Q

spiritual transcendence

A

ability to stand outside your immediate sense of space and view life from a broader perspective

44
Q

prayer fulfillment

A

feelings of joy from connection to transcendent

45
Q

universality

A

recognizing that one part of humanity being affected will affect the whole

46
Q

personality coherence

A

traits stay the same but the way they’re expressed changes

47
Q

mean lvl vs rank order changes

A

mean: how pers changes w age
rank: how your pers changes compared to others your age

48
Q

quantum changes

A

radical changes in pers

49
Q

stability of the big 5 traits

A

agreeableness: lower in ado; increases thru adulthood
neuroticism: higher in ado but decrease over time
conscientious: loewr in ado, increases over time
open: increases in adulthood, plateaus, may decrease in elder years
extraversion: social dom increases thru YA then stabilizes; social vit settles around 25 and decreases in later adulthood

50
Q

social dominance vs vitality

A

dom: assertive, active, excitement seeking
vit: sociable, warm, positive

51
Q

social investment theory

A

young ppl’s personalities mature as they take on more adult roles

52
Q

maturation of responsibilty

A

the roles placed upon us in adulthood require us to mature (according to social investment theory)
- increased consc, decreased neur, increases agr

Psyc of Personality (15 decks)

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