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Psyc of Personality > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

bhvrl genomics

A

how genes and their networks function with each other and the env. to influence bhvr

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2
Q

bhvrl genetics

A

how indiv. difs in biology affect bhvr

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3
Q

main dif b/w bhvrl genomics and genetics

A

genomics is broad/genetics is narrow

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4
Q

most personalit traits have a heritability score of what

A

0.4 to 0.6

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5
Q

which OCEAN traits have a very strong genetics influence?

A

neuroticism and extraversion

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6
Q

how many genes are traits affected by

A

multiple

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7
Q

exons

A

coding regions of DNA

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8
Q

introns and what they do

A

noncoding regions of DNA; try to change the expression of exons

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9
Q

DNA methylation

A

when introns determine if an exon’s turned on or off

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10
Q

positional cloning

A

replacing faulty genetic code with new and improved codes that’ve been cloned to match the person’s genetics as much as possible

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11
Q

4 aspects of temperament

A

activity
emotionality
sociability
impulsivity/aggression

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12
Q

temperament is relatively ______ thru life

A

stable

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13
Q

temperament is present at ____ and evident from _________

A

birth; early childhood

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14
Q

temperament is determined by

A

genetic factors

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15
Q

can temperament change

A

yes, w/ maturation

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16
Q

3 general temperaments

A

extraversion: positive emotion and sociable
neuroticism: negative emotion and withdrawing
impulsivity: lack of constraint and sensation seeking

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17
Q

which type of person is more sensitive to stimuli

A

introverts

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18
Q

3 bran-bhvr systems according to ______

A

Gray’s reinforcement sensitivity theory:
1. fight/flight/freeze
2. bhvrl activation
3. bhvrl inhibition

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19
Q

fight/flight is related to which NT?

A

serotonin

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20
Q

the bhvrl activation system is associated with what?

A

-responses to rewarding stimuli
-increased activity in left prenatal cortex

21
Q

bhvrl activation system is related to which NT

A

dopamine

22
Q

bhvrl inhibition system is sensitive to what

A

punishment and cautiousness

23
Q

bhvrl inhibition is associated w/ which NTs?

A

dopamine and NE

24
Q

left frontal cortex

A

approach bhvrs and positive emotions

25
Q

right frontal cortex

A

withdrawing bhvrs and negative emotions

26
Q

cortex asymmetry

A

someone responds more intensely to one cortex over the other (ex: left asymmetry means they’re more positive and outgoing)

27
Q

meditation has been found to ______ L cortex activity

A

increase

28
Q

who has more grey matter in the right hemisphere

A

introverts

29
Q

extraverts and those high in neuroticism have a very _______ amygdala

A

active

30
Q

characteristics of high sensation seekers

A

constantly needing new stimuli to excite them
get easily bored with relationships
do well in intense situations

31
Q

why do those low in impulsivity tend to do better in everyday life

A

theres more reward for self regulation

32
Q

results of increased testosterone

A

increased aggression, sensation seeking and dominant

33
Q

dopamine level of sensation seekers

A

typically low; reason for them always looking for exciting things

34
Q

what NT is associated w/ high conscientousness and low impulsivity

A

serotonin

35
Q

NE level of those with high impulsivity

A

low

36
Q

what can create a huge release of testosterone

A

a win; for people with high power motivation

37
Q

is testosterone higher in single ppl or those in relationships

A

single

38
Q

shared vs nonshared environments

A

nonshared environments tell us a lot about people’s individual difs; shared do not

39
Q

contrast effect

A

when siblings try to differentiate themselves from each other

40
Q

genotype-environment interaction

A

ppl respond dif. to the same environment due to their genotype

41
Q

passive gene-env corr.

A

parents provide genes and environment for child

42
Q

reactive gen-env. corr

A

genes elicity a response from others that encourage the genotype

43
Q

active gene-env corr

A

person chooses the environments that encourage their genotype

44
Q

positive gene-env corr

A

conditions are favorable for developing a certain characteristic

45
Q

negative gene-env corr

A

conditions lead to lack of dev for a particular characteristic

46
Q

sociobiology

A

study of the influence of evolutionary biology on social bhvr

47
Q

social Darwinism

A

societies and cultures could be more/less genetically advantaged

48
Q

protective factor of connecting with others/attachment

A

the more people we connect with, the more we can learn survival techniques from them

Psyc of Personality (15 decks)

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