Chapter 10

Question 1

what does interpersonal psychiatry/Sullivan say is the key to understanding bhvr

Answer 1

social interactions

Question 2

chumship (inter. psychiatry)

Answer 2

role that peers play in our formation of identity

Question 3

what does inter. psych. say can lead to a negative sense of identity

Answer 3

minimal interactions with others

Question 4

illusion of individuality (Sullivan)

Answer 4

idea that a person has a single fixed personality

Question 5

what does Sullivan say about personality

Answer 5

not fixed; constantly changing as we interact with ppl

Question 6

whose theory is personological systems theory

Answer 6

Henry Murray

Question 7

personology

Answer 7

study of individual lives and the factors that influence them

Question 8

systems vs needs (personological systems)

Answer 8

systems: dynamic influences on life
needs: internal directional forces; determines bhvr

Question 9

environmental press (pers. sys.)

Answer 9

impact of the situation on bhvr

Question 10

thema (pers. sys.)

Answer 10

combo of needs and presses

Question 11

Murray’s 3 needs

Answer 11

achievement
affiliation
power

Question 12

what kind of tasks do ppl low in achievement choose (pers. sys/Murray)

Answer 12

either super easy ones or ones that are rarely accomplished (bc no one’s expecting them to achieve it)

Question 13

people high in what need are more likely to conform

Answer 13

affiliation

Question 14

is affiliation about wanting to stay connected to people or a need for intimacy

Answer 14

staying connected; not necessarily intimacy

Question 15

individuals with inhibited power motivation

Answer 15

very others-focused on the outside

Question 16

self determination theory (Deci and Ryan)

Answer 16

people are perceived as active in seeking the best way to grow

Question 17

2 underlying bhvr dynamics (self det theory)

Answer 17

self-determined actions: actions taken out of intrinsic motivation
controlled actions: actions taken to get a reward

Question 18

3 general needs (not Murray)

Answer 18

autonomy: freedom to make choices
competence: develop/use skills effectively
relatedness: feeling connected to others

Question 19

causality orientation

Answer 19

motivational focus

Question 20

3 orientations

Answer 20

autonomous: focus on intrinsic motives
controlled: focus on extrinsic motives
impersonal: being unmotivated

Question 21

functional equivalence

Answer 21

different bhvrs that have the same intent

Question 22

Michel vs others in terms of bhvr correlations being around 0.30

Answer 22

Michel thinks it’s a weak number
others think it’s a good number bc we don’t want to be too alike

Question 23

What did Michel’s theory focus on

Answer 23

self regulation and delay of gratification

Question 24

4 components of self-regulation styles

Answer 24

competencies/skills
personal constructs: schemas, scripts
expectancies: what will I get out of delaying gratification?
plans/goals: refer back to your goals as a reminder of why you’re delaying gratification

Question 25

bhvrl signatures

Answer 25

how someone tends to react in a certain situation

Question 26

aggregation

Answer 26

examine bhvr across situations

Question 27

mirror neurons

Answer 27

allow us to mimic others’ bhvr

Question 28

who is more influenced by the situation: field dependent or independent ppl

Answer 28

dependent

Question 29

life-course approach

Answer 29

we create our own person-environment interactions over many years

Question 30

model of cumulative continuity

Answer 30

explains the ways that personality tends to remain stable over time
-interpret situations as similar
-elicit similar rxns from others
-seeking out similar situations
-stable genetic influences
-stable environments

Question 31

readiness

Answer 31

likelihood that ppl will respond a certain way in a given situation due to past experiences with that situation