Chapter 7.3 Chemical Control Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

.Metabolism

A

Metabolism refers to the chemical reactions that occur inside an organism to maintain life.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Catabolic Reactions

A

Breaks down organic matter, and releases energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Anabolic Reactions

A

It builds up organic matter, and stores energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Enzymes

A

Proteins that speed up metabolic reactions, and are not used up in a reaction. Without enzymes reactions would be slow to maintain life. We have around 700 enzymes in our body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Homeostasis

A

A process that maintains a constant internal environment within an organism so that cells and systems can function properly despite changes to the external environment.
Managed by the nervous system and the endocrine system.
Use negative feedback loops.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Endocrine System

A

Made up of glands that produce and secrete hormones – chemical messengers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Hormones

A

Hormones are chemical messengers secreted by endocrine glands into the bloodstream. Hormones only affect specific target cells that have a receptor for that hormone on the cell membrane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are hormones used for?

A

Hormones are needed in small quantities and are used for:
growth,
development,
temperature control etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Hypothalamus

A

The hypothalamus is a region in the brain that constantly checks our internal environment.
If a change is detected, then the hypothalamus will trigger the nervous system and endocrine system to act

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Thermoregulation

A

Maintaining a constant body temperature is known as thermoregulation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How is thyroxine made?

A

Hypothalamus receives information from thermoreceptors, then signals the pituitary gland that secretes thyroid stimulating hormone to control the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland controls the release of the hormone thyroxine into the bloodstream.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does thyroxine do?

A

Thyroxine increases the metabolic rate of target cells which increases body temperature.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a stable body temperature?

A

~37oC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Vasoconstriction

A

Vasoconstriction is when the hypothalamus sends a nerve impulse triggers blood vessels near skin to become narrower.
Less blood flowing to the skin reducing heat lost to the environment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How is shivering formed?

A

The hypothalamus sends a nerve impulse to trigger shivering in muscles around the vital organs - moving muscles increase internal body temperature.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How is sweating formed?

A

The hypothalamus sends a nerve impulse to trigger sweating - as sweat evaporates, it cools the body.

17
Q

Vasodilation

A

Vasodilation is when the hypothalamus sends a nerve impulse triggers blood vessels near skin to become wider.
More blood flowing to the skin increases heat lost to the environment - turns ur face red!