Chapter 71: Arthroscopy Flashcards
What three measurements are used to describe an arthroscope?
Working length
distal lens angle (viewing angle)
telescope diameter
Name 2 ways the camera and scope are attached?
- spring loaded clip
- direct coupling (glass on glass)
what is the most common light source for arthroscopy and what are its advantages?
Xenon
- provides increased light intensity, greater visual clarity and color rendition
Which is more physiologic for arthroscopy, saline or lactated ringers solution?
Lactated ringers.
May have less effect on cartilage.
Starting pressure for arthroscopy?
60mmHg
*the ideal pressure is not established
Name 3 types of arthroscopic knife?
Hook knife, meniscal push knife, Bayonet knife
Which distractor was used in shoulder arthroscopy in a 2021 paper by Aoki et al?
Leipzig distractor. The joint space was 4mm larger, and there was increased visibility of the supraglenoid tubercle – no difference with other intraarticular structures.
What is the postoperative infection rate for arthroscopy?
<1%
What are two instruments that can increase joint space/help you visualize the meniscus during stifle arthroscopy?
Ventura stifle thrust lever
Stifle distractors (Leipzig, etc)
What are (7) possible benefits of arthroscopy?
Decreased morbidity
faster recovery
decreased complication rates
improved functional outcomes
decreased (?) anesthesia and surgery times
decreased hospitalization time
enhanced client satisfaction
What are the five things on the arthroscopy tower?
Monitor
Camera box
light source
fluid pump
shaver box
The distal lens angle is also called the viewing angle of the arthroscope. What is the most common angle?
30 degrees
What are “short” and “long” working lengths for arthroscopes?
Short: 8.5cm
Long: 13cm
What are the common diameters of the arthroscope?
1.9mm
2.3 OR 2.4mm
2.7mm
What are disadvantages of halogen and metal halide light sources?
They’re yellowish and they dim over time
What may isotonic solutions (~300 mOsm/L) do to cartilage after mechanical insult (during arthroscopy)?
Increase chondrocyte death
Hyperosmolar solutions may have a chondroprotective effect in arthroscopy. What is the mOsm/L of a hypertonic solution?
600 mOsm/L
Less fluid extravasation, no negative effect on chondrocytes
What are the three types of shaver tips in the photo?
A: Radial shaver
B:Burr
C: aggressive cutter
In the photo of electrosurgery tips (from arthroscopy chapter) what are the two shown?
A: Standard
B: Arthroscopic
There is a picture of three instruments with baby blue, baby pink, and navy handles. What are these?
Arthroscopic curettes.
What is the red-handled Arthrex instrument?
Arthroscopic micropick for microfracture.
There is a combined image of three arthroscopic knives with four things labeled, what are they?
A hook knife
A Meniscal push knife (U shaped)
A Bayonet knife (angled blade)
The other thing is the handle on the bayonet
There are two types of arthroscopic grasping forceps in one picture. What is the difference between them?
One is locking. It has an extra bar across the handles
The pointed grasping forceps without end teeth is pictured alone. What is unique in the picture?
There is an extra finger hold/ring feature on the handle
The arthroscopic instrument with purple bands on it is what?
A punch forceps.
There is a picture of an instrument tray for arthroscopy. What is in it?
It is a arthroscopic cannula and switching stick set.
Rotation of a 30 degree arthroscope gives an overall ____degree field of view?
60 degree (photo of scope with yellow and red views)
The camera pictured with a yellow background is what?
A three chip camera with controls for zoom, white balance and image capture.
In the image of three arthroscopes, which scope is A, B, and C?
A 1.9mm 30
B 2.3mm 30
**C 2.7mm 30- degree oblique
There is an image of a cannula and obturator. What is it and what is labeled A, B, C?
It is a rigid, multi-fenestrated outflow/egress cannula
A: obturator
B: Fenestrations
C: Stopcock valve
