Chapter 110: Vagina, Vestibule and Vulva

Question 1

What embryological structure forms the cranial vagina?

Answer 1

Fusion of the paired paramesonephric (Mullerian) ducts - forms a single tube that fuses to the urogenital sinus (vestibule)

Question 2

What kind of epithelium does the vagina have?

Answer 2

Nonglandular, stratified squamous epithelium that is arranged in longitudinal folds

Question 3

What it the blood supply to the vagina, urethra, vestibule and vulva?

Answer 3

Vagina, urethra and vestibule: Vaginal artery (arises from internal pudendal)

Vulva: External pudendal artery

Question 4

A mixed population of aerobes, anaerobes, mycoplasma and ureaplasma species are found in 95% of intact bitches.
What are the most common commensal organisms of the canine vagina?

Answer 4

E.Coli
Beta-hemolytic Strep
Staph pseudintermedius
Pasteurella multocida

Question 5

What sized endoscopes can be used for vaginoscopy?

Answer 5

Small dogs and cats 3-5kg - 2.7mm rigid cystoscope with 10Fr sheath
Dogs over 10kg - 4mm scope with 19Fr sheath

Question 6

What is the innervation of the vagina?

Answer 6

Autonomic from pelvic plexus
Sensory from pudendal nerve

Question 7

In estrus, at what level of progesterone do vaginal cells become cornified?

Answer 7

6-8ng/mL