Chapter 104: Thoracic Wall Flashcards
What flaps can be based on the thoracodorsal artery?
Thoracodorsal axial pattern flap
Composite musculocutaneous flap incorporating latissimus dorsi
What muscle attaches to the manubrium?
Sternocephalicus
Which rib does scalenus attach to?
5th rib
What muscle is a landmark for the internal thoracic artery?
Transverse thoracic muscle (travels dorsal to muscle/in muscle)
How many intercostal arteries are present?
12 (ribs 1-12)
Where do the internal thoracic arteries arise from?
Left and right subclavian arteries
What supplies the sternal lymph nodes?
The internal thoracic arteries.
The right and left jugular veins join with the brachial veins to form what?
The paired brachiocephalic trunks, which fuse in the cranial mediastinum to form cranial vena cava.
Take care not to damage them during median sternotomy**
What can you access via left intercostal thoracotomy?
Left heart
Right ventricular outflow tract + Pulmonary artery
PDAs
Esophagus
Ligamentum arteriosum (for PRAA)
What can you access via right intercostal thoracotomy?
Right atrium
Vena cavae
Azygous vein
Trachea
Esophagus
What (5) things does ventilation depend on?
Integrity of pleural space
Ability to maintain negative pressure
Stability of thoracic wall
Ability of chest to expand/contract
Lung volume
At rest, the volume of the thorax is V0 and the passive elastic structures are relaxed.
What occurs when volume is less than V0?
When volume is greater than V0?
Low volume (<V0) causes net outward passive recoil -> expands
High volume (>V0) causes net inward passive recoil -> contracts
What are the 3 most important muscles of the locomotor musculature that attaches the forelimb to the trunk?
Latisimus dorsi
Serratus ventralis dorsalis
Superficial and deep pectorals
Where should you incise the intercostals to avoid the vessels?
Midway between ribs (also gives you tissue to close with).
True or false? The xiphoid does not have any muscular of fascial attachments.
False - it’s only attachment is the diaphragm.
