Chapter 7 Respiratory System [Diseases] Flashcards

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1
Q

anosmia

A

(an-OZ-mee-ah)
Lack of sense of smell

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2
Q

anoxia

A

Condition of receiving almost no oxygen from inhaled air
(an-OK-see-ah)

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3
Q

apnea

A

(AP-nee-ah)
not breathing

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3
Q

aphonia

A

(ah-FOH-nee-ah)
Condition of being unable to produce sounds

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4
Q

asphyxia

A

(as-FIK-see-ah)
Lack of oxygen that can lead to unconsciousness and death if not corrected immediately; also called asphyxiation or suffocation; common causes include drowning, foreign body in respiratory tract, poisoning, and electric shock

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5
Q

aspiration

A

(as-pih-RAY-shun)
Refers to withdrawing fluid from body cavity using suction; for example, using long needle and syringe to withdraw fluid from pleural cavity, or using vacuum pump to remove phlegm from patient’s airway; additionally, refers to inhaling food, liquid, or foreign object into airways, which may lead to development of pneumonia

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6
Q

bradypnea

A

(brad-ip-NEE-ah)
Breathing too slowly; low respiratory rate

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7
Q

bronchiectasis

A

(brong-kee-EK-tah-sis)
Dilated bronchus

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8
Q

bronchospasm

A

(BRONG-koh-spazm)
Involuntary muscle spasm of smooth muscle in the wall of bronchus

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9
Q

Cheyne-Stokes respiration

A

(CHAIN / STOHKS / res-pir-AY-shun)
Abnormal breathing pattern in which there are long periods (10-60 sec-onds) of apnea followed by deeper, more rapid breathing; named for John Cheyne, a Scottish physician, and Sir William Stokes, an Irish surgeon

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10
Q

clubbing

A

Abnormal widening and thickening of ends of fingers and toes associated with chronic oxygen deficiency; seen in patients with chronic respiratory conditions or circulatory problems

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11
Q

crackles

A

Abnormal crackling or bubbling sound made during inspiration; usually indicates presence of fluid or mucus in small airways; also called rales

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12
Q

cyanosis

A

(sigh-ah-NOH-sis)
Refers to bluish tint of skin that is receiving insufficient amount of ox.
gen or circulation

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13
Q

dysphonia

A

(dis-FOH-nee-ah)
Condition of having difficulty producing sounds or producing abnormal sounds

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14
Q

dyspnea

A

(DISP-nee-ah)
Term describing difficult or labored breathing

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15
Q

epistaxis

A

(ep-ih-STAK-sis)
Nosebleed

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16
Q

eupnea

A

(yoop-NEE-ah)
Normal breathing and respiratory rate

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17
Q

hemoptysis (hee-MOP-tih-sis)

A

(hee-MOP-tih-sis)
To cough up blood or blood-stained sputum

18
Q

hemothorax

A

(hee-moh-THOH-raks)
Presence of blood in chest cavity

19
Q

hypercapnia

A

(high-per-KAP-nee-ah)
Condition of having excessive carbon dioxide in bod

20
Q

hyperpnea

A

(high-PERP-nee-ah)
Taking deep breaths

21
Q

hyperventilation

A

(high-per-ven-tih-LAY-shun)
Breathing both too fast (tachypnea)
and too deep (hyperonea)

22
Q

hypocapnia

A

(high-poh-KAP-nee-ah)
Insufficient level of carbon dioxide in body; very serious problem because it is presence of carbon dioxide that stimulates respiration, not absence of oxygen; therefore, person with low carbon dioxide levels would respond with increased respiratory rate

23
Q

hypopnea

A

(high-POP-nee-ah)
Taking shallow breaths

24
Q

hypoventilation

A

(high-poh-ven-tih-LAY-shun)
Breathing both too slow (bradypnea)
and too shallow (hypopne)

25
Q

hypoxemia

A

(high-pok-SEE-mee-ah)
Condition of having insufficient amount of oxygen in bloodstream

26
Q

hypoxia

A

(high-POK-see-ah)
Condition of receiving insufficient amount of oxygen from inhaled air

27
Q

laryngoplegia

A

(lah-ring-goh-PLEE-jee-ah)
Paralysis of muscles controlling larynx

28
Q

orthopnea

A

(or-THOP-nee-ah)
Term describing dyspnea worsened by lying flat; patient feels able to breathe easier while sitting straight up; common occurrence in those with pulmonary disease

29
Q

pansinusitis

A

(pan-sigh-nus-EYE-tis)
Inflammation of all paranasal sinuses

30
Q

patent

A

(PAY-tent)
Open or unblocked, such as patent
airway

31
Q

phlegm

A

(FLEM)
Thick mucus secreted by membranes lining respiratory tract; when phlegm is coughed through mouth, is called sputum; phlegm is examined for color, odor, and consistency and tested for presence of bacteria, viruses, and fungi

32
Q

pleural rub

A

(PLOO-ral)
Grating sound made when two layers of pleura rub together during res-piration; caused when one surface becomes thicker as a result of inflammation or other disease conditions; rub can be felt through fingertips when placed on chest wall or heard through stethoscope

33
Q

pleural rub

A

(PLOO-ral)
Grating sound made when two layers of pleura rub together during res-piration; caused when one surface becomes thicker as a result of inflammation or other disease conditions; rub can be felt through fingertips when placed on chest wall or heard through stethoscope

34
Q

pleurodynia

A

(ploor-oh-DIN-ee-ah)
Pleural pain

35
Q

pyothorax

A

(pye-oh-THOH-raks)
Presence of pus in chest cavity; indicates bacterial infection

36
Q

rhinitis

A

(rye-NYE-tis)
Inflammation of nasal cavity

37
Q

rhinorrhagia

A

(rye-noh-RAY-jee-ah)
Rapid flow of blood from nose

38
Q

rhinorrhea

A

(rye-noh-REE-ah)
Discharge from nose;

39
Q

rhonchi

A

(RONG-kigh)
Somewhat musical sound during expi-ration, often found in asthma or infec-tion; caused by spasms of bronchial tubes; also called wheezing

40
Q

sputum

A

(SPYOO-tum)
Mucus or phlegm coughed

41
Q

stridor

A

(STRY-der)
Harsh, high-pitched, noisy brew sound made when there is obsirucion of bronchus or larynx; found in cere tions such as croup in children

42
Q

tachypnea

A

(tak-ip-NEE-ah)
Breathing fast; high respiratory rats

43
Q

thoracalgia

A

(thor-ah-KAL-jee-ah)
Chest pain; does not refer to angina pectoris