Chapter 7 Respiratory System [Diseases] Flashcards
anosmia
(an-OZ-mee-ah)
Lack of sense of smell
anoxia
Condition of receiving almost no oxygen from inhaled air
(an-OK-see-ah)
apnea
(AP-nee-ah)
not breathing
aphonia
(ah-FOH-nee-ah)
Condition of being unable to produce sounds
asphyxia
(as-FIK-see-ah)
Lack of oxygen that can lead to unconsciousness and death if not corrected immediately; also called asphyxiation or suffocation; common causes include drowning, foreign body in respiratory tract, poisoning, and electric shock
aspiration
(as-pih-RAY-shun)
Refers to withdrawing fluid from body cavity using suction; for example, using long needle and syringe to withdraw fluid from pleural cavity, or using vacuum pump to remove phlegm from patient’s airway; additionally, refers to inhaling food, liquid, or foreign object into airways, which may lead to development of pneumonia
bradypnea
(brad-ip-NEE-ah)
Breathing too slowly; low respiratory rate
bronchiectasis
(brong-kee-EK-tah-sis)
Dilated bronchus
bronchospasm
(BRONG-koh-spazm)
Involuntary muscle spasm of smooth muscle in the wall of bronchus
Cheyne-Stokes respiration
(CHAIN / STOHKS / res-pir-AY-shun)
Abnormal breathing pattern in which there are long periods (10-60 sec-onds) of apnea followed by deeper, more rapid breathing; named for John Cheyne, a Scottish physician, and Sir William Stokes, an Irish surgeon
clubbing
Abnormal widening and thickening of ends of fingers and toes associated with chronic oxygen deficiency; seen in patients with chronic respiratory conditions or circulatory problems
crackles
Abnormal crackling or bubbling sound made during inspiration; usually indicates presence of fluid or mucus in small airways; also called rales
cyanosis
(sigh-ah-NOH-sis)
Refers to bluish tint of skin that is receiving insufficient amount of ox.
gen or circulation
dysphonia
(dis-FOH-nee-ah)
Condition of having difficulty producing sounds or producing abnormal sounds
dyspnea
(DISP-nee-ah)
Term describing difficult or labored breathing
epistaxis
(ep-ih-STAK-sis)
Nosebleed
eupnea
(yoop-NEE-ah)
Normal breathing and respiratory rate
hemoptysis (hee-MOP-tih-sis)
(hee-MOP-tih-sis)
To cough up blood or blood-stained sputum
hemothorax
(hee-moh-THOH-raks)
Presence of blood in chest cavity
hypercapnia
(high-per-KAP-nee-ah)
Condition of having excessive carbon dioxide in bod
hyperpnea
(high-PERP-nee-ah)
Taking deep breaths
hyperventilation
(high-per-ven-tih-LAY-shun)
Breathing both too fast (tachypnea)
and too deep (hyperonea)
hypocapnia
(high-poh-KAP-nee-ah)
Insufficient level of carbon dioxide in body; very serious problem because it is presence of carbon dioxide that stimulates respiration, not absence of oxygen; therefore, person with low carbon dioxide levels would respond with increased respiratory rate
hypopnea
(high-POP-nee-ah)
Taking shallow breaths
hypoventilation
(high-poh-ven-tih-LAY-shun)
Breathing both too slow (bradypnea)
and too shallow (hypopne)
hypoxemia
(high-pok-SEE-mee-ah)
Condition of having insufficient amount of oxygen in bloodstream
hypoxia
(high-POK-see-ah)
Condition of receiving insufficient amount of oxygen from inhaled air
laryngoplegia
(lah-ring-goh-PLEE-jee-ah)
Paralysis of muscles controlling larynx
orthopnea
(or-THOP-nee-ah)
Term describing dyspnea worsened by lying flat; patient feels able to breathe easier while sitting straight up; common occurrence in those with pulmonary disease
pansinusitis
(pan-sigh-nus-EYE-tis)
Inflammation of all paranasal sinuses
patent
(PAY-tent)
Open or unblocked, such as patent
airway
phlegm
(FLEM)
Thick mucus secreted by membranes lining respiratory tract; when phlegm is coughed through mouth, is called sputum; phlegm is examined for color, odor, and consistency and tested for presence of bacteria, viruses, and fungi
pleural rub
(PLOO-ral)
Grating sound made when two layers of pleura rub together during res-piration; caused when one surface becomes thicker as a result of inflammation or other disease conditions; rub can be felt through fingertips when placed on chest wall or heard through stethoscope
pleural rub
(PLOO-ral)
Grating sound made when two layers of pleura rub together during res-piration; caused when one surface becomes thicker as a result of inflammation or other disease conditions; rub can be felt through fingertips when placed on chest wall or heard through stethoscope
pleurodynia
(ploor-oh-DIN-ee-ah)
Pleural pain
pyothorax
(pye-oh-THOH-raks)
Presence of pus in chest cavity; indicates bacterial infection
rhinitis
(rye-NYE-tis)
Inflammation of nasal cavity
rhinorrhagia
(rye-noh-RAY-jee-ah)
Rapid flow of blood from nose
rhinorrhea
(rye-noh-REE-ah)
Discharge from nose;
rhonchi
(RONG-kigh)
Somewhat musical sound during expi-ration, often found in asthma or infec-tion; caused by spasms of bronchial tubes; also called wheezing
sputum
(SPYOO-tum)
Mucus or phlegm coughed
stridor
(STRY-der)
Harsh, high-pitched, noisy brew sound made when there is obsirucion of bronchus or larynx; found in cere tions such as croup in children
tachypnea
(tak-ip-NEE-ah)
Breathing fast; high respiratory rats
thoracalgia
(thor-ah-KAL-jee-ah)
Chest pain; does not refer to angina pectoris
