Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Medical Terminology > Chapter 6 Blood and the Lymphatic and Immune Systems [Diseases] > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Blood and the Lymphatic and Immune Systems [Diseases] Flashcards

1
Q

basophilic

A

Pertaining to [a leukocyte] that attracts a basic pH stain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

eosinophilic
(ee-oh-sin-oh-FILL-ik)

A

Pertaining to la leukocyte] that attracts a rosy red stain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

erythrocytic
(eh-rith-roh-SIT-ik)

A

Pertaining to a red blood cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

lymphocytic
(lim-foh-SIT-ik)

A

Pertaining to a [white] cell formed in lymphatic tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

monocytic
(mon-oh-SIT-ik)

A

Pertaining to a [white] cell with a single, large nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

neutrophilic
(noo-troh-FILL-iK)

A

Pertaining to [a leukocyte] that attracts a neutral pH stain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

sanguineous
(sang-GWIN-ee-us)

A

Pertaining to blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

thrombocytic
(throm-boh-SIT-1k)

A

Pertaining to a clotting cell; a platelet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

thrombotic
(throm-BOT-ik)

A

Pertaining to a clot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

coagulate
(koh-AG-yoo-late)

A

To convert from a liquid to a gel or solid, as in blood coagulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

dyscrasia
(dis-KRAY-zee-ah)

A

General term indicating presence of a disease affecting blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

hematoma
(hee-mah-TOH-mah)

A

Collection of blood under skin as result of blood escaping into tissue from damaged blood vessels:
commonly referred to as a bruise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

hemorrhage
(HEM-eh-rii)

A

Blood flowing out of blood vessel (i.e., bleeding)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

thrombus
(THROM-bus)

A

Hard collection of fibrin, blood cells, and tissue debris that is end result of hemostasis or blood-clotting process; thrombus is helpful to body by stopping bleeding, as in skin laceration; however, it is hurtful to body if it occurs within a blood vessel, as in myocardial infarction; commonlv referred to as a blood clot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

hemophilia
(hee-moh-FILL-ee-ah)

A

Hereditary blood disease in which blood-clotting time is prolonged due to lack of one vital clotting factor; transmitted by sex-linked trait from females to males, appearing almost exclusively in males

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

hyperlipidemia
(high-per-lip-ih-DEE-mee-ah)

A

Condition of having too high a level of lipids such as cholesterol in bloodstream; risk factor for developing atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

pancytopenia
(pan-sigh-toh-PEE-nee-ah)

A

Having too few of all cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

septicemia
(sep-tih-SEE-mee-ah)

A

Having bacteria or their toxins in bloodstream; sepsis is term that means putrefaction or infection;
commonly referred to as blood poisoning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

anemia
(ah-NEE-mee-ah)

A

Large group of conditions characterized by reduction in number of red blood cells or amount of hemoglobin in blood; results in less oxygen reaching tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

aplastic anemia
(ay-PLAS-tik / ah-NEE-mee-ah)

A

Severe form of anemia that develops as a consequence of loss of functioning red bone mar. row; results in decrease in number of all formed rooments; treatment may eventually require bons marrow transplant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

erythrocytosis
(eh-rith-roh-sigh-TOH-sis)

A

Condition of having too many red blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

erythropenia
(eh-rith-roh-PEE-nee-ah)

A

Condition of having too few red blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

hemolytic anemia
(hee-moh-LIT-ik / ah-NEE-mee-ah)

A

Anemia that develops as result of destruction of erythrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

hemolytic reaction
(hee-moh-LIT-ik)

A

Destruction of patient’s erythrocytes that occurs when receiving a transfusion of incompatible blood type; also called transfusion reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
hypochromic anemia (high-poh-KROHM-ik / ah-NEE-mee-ah)
Anemia resulting from having insufficient hemoglobin in erythrocytes; named because hemoglobin molecule is responsible for dark red color of erythrocytes
26
iron-deficiency anemia
Anemia resulting from not having sufficient iron to manufacture hemoglobin
27
pernicious anemia (PA) (per-NISH-us / ah-NEE-mee-ah)
Anemia associated with insufficient absorption of vitamin Bi, by digestive system; vitamin B,, is necessary for erythrocyte production
28
polycythemia vera (pol-ee-sigh-THEE-mee-ah / VAIR-ah)
Production of too many red blood cells by bone marrow; blood becomes too thick to easily flow through blood vessels
29
sickle cell anemia
Genetic disorder in which erythrocytes take on abnormal curved or "sickle" shape; cells are fragile and are easily damaged, leading to hemolvtic anemia
30
thalassemia (thal-ah-SEE-mee-ah)
Genetic disorder in which body is unable to make functioning hemoglobin, resulting in anemia
31
leukemia (loo-KEE-mee-ah)
Cancer located in red bone marrow tissue responsible for producing white blood cells; results in large number of abnormal and immature leukocytes circulating in bloodstream
32
leukocytosis (loo-koh-sigh-TOH-sis)
Condition of having too many white blood cells
33
leukopenia (loo-koh-PEE-nee-ah)
Condition of having too few white blood cells
34
Ivmphocytic leukemia (lim-foh-SIT-ik / loo-KEE-mee-ah)
Type of leukemia in which abnormal white blood cells are lymphocytes; may be acute (rapid onset and progression) or chronic (slow onset and progression)
35
myeloid leukemia (MY-eh-loyd / loo-KEE-mee-ah)
Type of leukemia in which abnormal leukocytes are granulocytes (usually neutrophils); may be acute (rapid onset and progression) or chronic (slow onset and progression)
36
thrombocytopenia (throm-boh-sigh-toh-PEE-nee-ah)
Condition of having too few platelets
37
thrombocytosis (throm-boh-sigh-TOH-sis)
Condition of having too many platelets
38
allergist (AL-er-jist)
Physician who specializes in testing for and treating allergies
39
immunology (im-yoo-NALL-oh-jee)
Branch of medicine concerned with diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases and other disorders of immune system;
40
pathology (pah-THOL-oh-jee)
Branch of medicine concerned with determining underlying causes and develooment of diseases
41
hives
Appearance of wheals as part of allergic reaction
42
inflammation (in-flah-MAY-shun)
Tissues' response to injury from pathogens or physical agents; characterized by red-ness, pain, swelling, and feeling hot to the touch
43
lymphedema (limf-eh-DEE-mah)
Edema appearing in extremities due to obstruction of lymph flow through lymphatic vessels
44
splenomegaly (spleh-noh-MEG-ah-lee)
Enlarged spleen
45
urticaria (er-tih-KAIR-ee-ah)
Severe itching associated with hives, usually linked to food allergy, stress, or drug reactions
46
allergic asthma (ah-LER-iik / AZ-mah)
Inflammation and narrowing of airways triggered by inhaling an allergen; symptoms include wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath
47
allergic conjunctivitis (ah-LER-jik / kon-junk-tih-VYE-tis)
Inflammation of the conjunctiva (protective membrane over front of eyeball) caused by allergens in the air
48
allergic rhinitis (ah-LER-jik / rye-NYE-tis)
Allergic reaction caused by inhaling an allergen such as pollen, animal dander, or mold; symptoms may include sneezing, runny nose, congestion, post-nasal drip, cough, and itchy, watery eyes; commonly called hay fever
49
allergy (AL-er-jee)
Hypersensitivity to common substance in environment or to medication; substance causing allergic reaction is called allergen
50
anaphylactic shock (an-ah-fih-LAK-tik)
Life-threatening condition resulting from a severe allergic reaction; examples of instances that may trigger this reaction include bee stings, medications, or ingestion of foods; circulatory and respiratory problems occur, including respiratory distress, hypotension, edema, tachycardia, and convulsions;
51
contact dermatitis (der-mah-TYE-tis)
Skin irritation caused by skin coming into direct contact with an allergen; symptoms may include redness, itching, rash, and blisters; common allergens are poison ivy, soaps, fragrances, and jewelry
52
adenoiditis (ad-eh-noyd-EYE-tis)
Inflammation of adenoids
53
autoimmune disease
Disease resulting from body's immune system attacking its own cells as if they were pathogens; examples include systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis
54
elephantiasis (el-eh-fan-TYE-ah-sis)
Inflammation, obstruction, and destruction of lymph vessels resulting in enlarged tissues due to edema
55
Hodgkin's disease (HD) (HOJ-kins)
cancer of lymphatic cells found in concentration in lymph nodes;
56
lymphadenitis (lim-fad-en-EYE-tis)
Inflammation of lymph nodes; referred to as swollen glands
57
Ivmphadenopathy (lim-fad-eh-NOP-ah-thee)
General term for lymph node diseases
58
lymphangioma (lim-fan-jee-OH-mah)
Tumor in a lymphatic vessel
59
lymphoma (lim-FOH-mah)
Tumor in lymphatic tissue
60
mononucleosis (mono) (mon-oh-noo-klee-OH-sis)
Acute infectious disease with large number of abnormal mononuclear lymphocytes; caused by Epstein-Barr virus; abnormal liver function may occur; commonly called kissing disease since virus can be spread by saliva
61
non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL)
Cancer of lymphatic tissues other than Hodgkin's lymphoma
62
thymoma (thigh-MOH-mah)
Tumor of thymus gland
63
tonsillitis (tahn-sill-EYE-tis)
Inflammation of tonsils
64
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (im-yoo-noh-dih-FIH-shen-see / SIN-drohm)
Disease involving defect in cell-mediated immunity system; syndrome of opportunistic infections occurring in final stages of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); virus attacks T4 lymphocytes and destroys them, reducing person's ability to fight infection
65
AIDS-related complex (ARC)
Early stage of AIDS; there is a positive test for virus, but only mild symptoms of weight loss, fatigue, skin rash, and anorexia
66
graft versus host disease (GVHD)
Serious complication of bone marrow trans. plant (graft); immune cells from donor bone marrow attack recipient's (host's) tissues
67
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (im-yoo-noh-dih-FIH-shen-see)
Virus that causes AIDS; also known as a retrovirus
68
immunocompromised (im-yoo-noh-KOM-proh-myzd)
Having immune system that is unable to respond properly to pathogens;
69
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) (KAP-oh-seez / sar-KOH-mah)
Form of skin cancer frequently seen in patients with AIDS; consists of brownish-purple papules that spread from skin and metastasize to internal organs;
70
multiple myeloma (my-eh-LOH-mah)
Originates in plasma cells (type of lymphocyte responsible for making antibodies); over time, these malignant cells collect in bone marrow, resulting in a bone marrow tumor; may spread to skeleton
71
opportunistic infections
Infectious diseases associated with patients who have compromised immune systems and therefore lowered resistance to infections and parasites; may be result of HIV infection
72
pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) (noo-moh-SIS-tis / noo-MOH-nee-ah)
Pneumonia common in patients with weakened immune systems, such as AIDS patients
73
sarcoidosis (sar-koyd-OH-sis)
Autoimmune disease of unknown cause that forms fibrous lesions commonly appearing in lymph nodes, liver, skin, lungs, spleen, eyes, and small bones of hands and feet
74
severe combined immunodeficiency immun/o syndrome (SCIDS)
Disease seen in children born with nonfunctioning immune system; often these children are forced to live in sealed sterile rooms
75
carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriacee (CRE) infection (kar-bah-PEN-em / ree-ZISS-tent / en-ter-oh-bak-teer-ee-AY-see-ee)
Infection by group of bacteria that have resistance to powerful group of antibiotics called carbapenems; almost all infections occur in healthcare settings, especially among patients with ventilators, urinary catheters, intravenous catheters, or on long-term antibiotics
76
Clostridium difficile (C. diff) infection (klaw-STRIH-dee-um / dif-ee-SEEL)
Infection with C. diff bacteria causes inflammation of colon; symptoms may include diarrhea, nausea, fever, and abdominal pain; most commonly occurs in persons with conditions requiring extended use of antibiotics; infection spread through contact with contaminated feces
77
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection (meth-ih-SIL-in / ree-ZISS-tent / staf-ih-loh-KOK-us / OR-ee-iss)
Infecting bacteria are resistant to many common antibiotics, such as methicillin, oxacillin, penicillin, and amoxicillin; spread through contact with contaminated surface, often improperly washed hands

Medical Terminology (34 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions