Chapter 7 - Psychological Disorders Flashcards
Maladaptive Functioning
Some aspect of the individual’s behavior negatively impacts others or leads to self-defeating outcomes
Positive Symptoms
Behaviors, thoughts, or feelings added to normal behavior
Negative Symptoms
Symptoms that involve the absence of normal or desired behaviors
Delusions
False beliefs discordant with reality and not shared by others in the individual’s culture
Hallucinations
Perceptions that are not due to external stimuli
Affect
Experience and display of emotion
Schizophrenia
Disorder characterized by a break between an individual and reality
- “split mind”
- Prodromal, active, and residual phases
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
Both personality disorder and psychotic symptoms, with the personality symptoms having been already established before psychotic symptoms present
Delusion Disorder
Psychotic symptoms are limited to delusions and are present for at least a month
Depressive Disorders
Characterized by feelings of sadness that are severe enough, in both magnitude and duration, to meet specific criteria
- Sadness, changes in sleep, loss of interest, guilt, low energy, decreased cocnentration, change in appetite, psychomotor retardation and agitation, suicidal thoughts
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
2 week or longer period in which 5 of 9 depressive symptoms are encountered
Persistent Depressive Disorder (PPD)
Individual experiences a period, lasting at least 2 years, in which they experience a depressed mood on the majority of days
Bipolar I disorder
Presence of manic episodes
- major depressive episodes not required
Bipolar II disorder
Presence of both major depressive disorder and hypomanic episodes
Catecholamine theory of depression
Too much norepinephrine and serotonin in the synapse leads to mania, while too little leads to depression
