Chapter 7: Parts of Eukaryotic Cells Flashcards
Nucleus
- Contains chromosomes, nucleolus, nuclear lamina
- information storage and transmission, ribosome subunit assembly, structural support
Ribosomes
- contain a complex of RNA and proteins
- protein synthesis
Rough ER
- contains a network of branching sacks with ribosomes attached
- protein synthesis and processing
Smooth ER
- contains a network of branching sacks and enzymes
- responsible for lipid synthesis and processing
Golgi Apparatus
responsible for protein, lipid, and carbohydrate processing
Lysosomes
Are responsible for digestion and recycling
Vacuoles
Are responsible for storage, digestion, and recycling
In plant cells, the large central vacuole is responsible for water balance
Peroxisomes
responsible for the oxidation of fatty acids, ethanol, or other compounds
Mitochondria
ATP production!
Chloroplasts
- made of pigments and enzymes that use light energy to make sugars
- production of sugars via photosynthesis
Cytoskeleton
made of filaments and microtubules
- responsible for structural support, movement of materials, and in some species the movement of the whole cell!
Plasma Membrane
has selective permeability that is responsible for maintaining the intracellular environment
Cell Wall and Extracellular Matrix
the cell wall only occurs in plant eukaryotic cells, not animal cells; provides protection and structural support, binds tissue cells together
Centrioles
Only in animal cells, and help animal cells reproduce.
Cytosol
the fluid portion of the cytoplasm, excluding the contents of membrane-bound organelles
