Chapter 7: Inside the Cell

Question 1

What are the two types of cells?

Answer 1

prokaryotic and eukaryotic

Question 2

What are some things all cells contain?

Answer 2

plasma membrane, DNA, ribosomes, and cytosol

Question 3

What are some examples of prokaryotic cells?

Answer 3

bacteria and archea

Question 4

What are some characteristics of prokaryotic cells?

Answer 4

smaller and simpler in structure
high surface area to volume ratio which makes it easy for molecules to move across the membrane and for the cell to use the molecules and nutrients to utilize them for cellular functions

Question 5

What are some characteristics of eukaryotic cells?

Answer 5

bigger and more complex
a smaller surface area ratio which makes it more difficult for molecules to be used for cellular functions. Organelles tackle this.

Question 6

What are the benefits of organelles?

Answer 6

incompatible chemical reactions are physically separated from each other
▪ Collaborative chemical reactions are confined and become more efficient

Question 7

Function of the nucleus and ribosomes

Answer 7

carry out genetic control of the cell

Question 8

Which organelles manufacture, distribute, and break down molecules?

Answer 8

Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, and peroxisomes

Question 9

What organelles are responsible for energy processing?

Answer 9

mitochondria in all cells and the chloroplasts in plant cells

Question 10

What organelles are responsible for structural support, movement, and communication between cells?

Answer 10

cytoskeleton, plasma membrane, plant cell wall

Question 11

What organelle only occurs in animal cells, not plant cells?

Answer 11

Centrioles

Question 12

What organelles only occur in plant cells, not animal cells?

Answer 12

A large central vacuole, chloroplasts, and a cell wall