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NS372—Assessment > Chapter 7—Nutrition > Flashcards

Chapter 7—Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

carbs should be ___% calories

A

45-65

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2
Q

__ amino acids total

A

22

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3
Q

how many nonessential amino acids?

A

14

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4
Q

how many essential amino acids?

A

8

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5
Q

fats and oils

A

triglycerides

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6
Q

solid at room temp - animal products - raise LDL

A

saturated fats

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7
Q

liquid at room temp - fish and plant products - reduce LDL & triglycerides

A

unsaturated fats

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8
Q

turns a good fat into a bad fat

A

hydrogenation

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9
Q

what is cholesterol essential to?

A

cellular maintenance and repair

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10
Q

_DL is good, _DL is bad

A

HDL good
LDL bad

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11
Q

function of phospholipids

A

emulsifiers
promote nerve conduction
plasma membrane

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12
Q

ex of a phospholipid

A

lecithin

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13
Q

how many mins daily of sunlight required for vitamin D?

A

10-20 mins

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14
Q

fat & water soluble vitamins

A

fat - ADEK
water - BC

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15
Q

essential to metabolism & cell synthesis
essential to prevent spina bifida

A

folate

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16
Q

“wasting” - loss of body fat and muscle

A

cachexia

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17
Q

4 food safety rules

A
  • Clean - wash hands, surfaces often
  • Separate - raw meats from other foods
  • Cook - to right temp
  • Chill - refrigerate food promptly
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18
Q

hepatitis a transmission

A

fecal-oral

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19
Q

sources of listeria

A

improperly processed deli meat & unpasteurized milk

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20
Q

source of e coli

A

improperly cooked meat

crops contaminated with feces

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21
Q

sources of salmonella

A

raw poultry

eggs

22
Q

Warfarin + vit K

A

K ↓ warfarin’s effects

23
Q

Insulin/diabetic meds + alcohol

A

alcohol ↑ effects

hypoglycemia

24
Q

Digoxin + fiber, herbs

A

fiber ↓ absorption of digoxin

ginseng ↑ levels

St John’s Wort ↓ levels

25
Q

grapefruit ↑ levels of which 3 drugs?

A

statins

ca channel blockers

erectile dysfunction drugs

26
Q

Antibiotics + dairy

A

dairy delays/prevents absorption

27
Q

MAOIs + tyramine

A

hypertension

28
Q

Thyroid drugs + calcium foods

A

↓ effect of thyroid hormones

29
Q

CBC labs can exclude…

A

anemias from iron, folate, B12

30
Q

why are serum albumin labs less useful?

A

inflammation makes it unreliable in most hospitalized pts

31
Q

use of prealbumin labs

A

acute changes in pt’s nutritional status

renal dysfunction causes ↑ levels

32
Q

high transferrin indicates…

A

iron deficiency

33
Q

transferrin altered by…

A

renal dysfunction

contraceptives

34
Q

nutritional info gained from creatinine & BUN labs

A

negative nitrogen balance indicates more loss than intake

35
Q

types of nutritional screening tools

A
  • 24-hour recall
  • 3-day food diary
  • Food frequency questionnaires
  • Direct observation (I&O)
36
Q

deficiency causing alopecia

A

protein deficiency

37
Q

deficiency causing hair brittleness

A

biotin

38
Q

deficiency causing hair color change

A

zinc

39
Q

deficiency causing hair dryness

A

vit A & E

40
Q

deficiency causing acneform lesions, follicular keratosis, xerosis, ecchymosis, intradermal petechiae, erythema, scrotal dermatitis, angular palpebritis

(skin things)

A

vit A

41
Q

deficiency causing Biot spots, conjunctival xerosis

A

vit A

42
Q

deficiency causing Angular stomatitis

A

B12

43
Q

deficiency causing atrophic papillae

A

niacin

44
Q

deficiency causing bleeding gums

A

vit C

45
Q

deficiency causing cheilosis (swelling/fissuring of lips)

A

B12

46
Q

deficiency causing glossitis (3)

A

niacin, folate, B12

47
Q

deficiency causing magenta tongue

A

B2

48
Q

deficiency causing genu valum

A

vit D

49
Q

deficiency causing loss of DTR

A

B2

50
Q

healthy BMI

A

18.5-24.9

51
Q

how to do MAMC

A

measure in between acromion & olecranon

NS372—Assessment (17 decks)

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