Chapter 7: Life Span Development Flashcards
What nervous system changes occur during the Older Adult Years?
Motor / sensory network slower.
Brain cells decrease.
Sleep patterns change.
Brain shrinkage - creates more room for brain to move.
Begin to feel isolation / depression as friends / family pass away & they grapple with own mortality.
What phrase or word matches this definition?
A person who is 6 to 12 years of age.
School Age
What phrase or word matches this definition?
The basic filtering units in the kidneys.
Nephrons
What phrase or word matches this definition?
A child age 3 to 6 years.
Preschooler
What phrase or word matches this definition?
A young person age 12 to 18 years old.
Adolescent
What developmental changes occur during the School Age Years?
Grow ~ 4lbs (2kg) / year and ~ 2.5in (6cm) / year.
Baby teeth replaced by permanent teeth.
Brain activity increases significantly.
Develop preconventional, conventional, and postconventional reasoning.
Develop their self-concept and self-esteem.
What characteristics about an infant’s respiratory system is different than that of an adult and what can these features lead to?
Tongue is larger in proportion to oral cavity - obstruction.
Airway is proportionally shorter / narrower - obstruction.
Trachea is flexible - obstruction.
Lungs are fragile - forceful ventilations can easily cause barotrauma.
Rib cage is less rigid / sits horizontally - diaphragmatic breathing (belly).
Low numbers of alveoli - low oxygen reserve / inability to compensate for long durations.
What phrase or word matches this definition?
Areas where the neonate’s or infant’s skull has not fused together; usually disappear at approximately 18 months of age.
Fontanelles
What developmental changes occur during the Adolescent Years?
Vital signs level off within adult ranges.
Growth spurts (beginning with hands/feet progressing to long bones and then to torso).
Pubic / axillary hair appear.
Vocal sound changes range / depth.
Breasts / thighs increase in size.
Menstruation begins.
Sperm production.
Need for privacy / personal space becomes more important.
Self-consciousness increases.
Develops personal code of ethics.
What phrase or word matches this definition?
An infant reflex in which the infant starts sucking when their lips are stroked.
Sucking Reflex
What phrase or word matches this definition?
A newborn age birth to 1 month.
Neonate
What phrase or word matches this definition?
A type of reasoning in which a child acts almost purely to avoid punishment or to get what they want.
Preconventional Reasoning
What respiratory system changes occur during the Older Adult Years?
Size of airway increases.
Alveoli surface area decreases.
Elasticity of lungs decreases & overall intercostal / diaphragm muscle strength decreases - chest more fragile / less respiratory reserve.
Upper airway protective structures decrease function - leads to more choking.
Immune cells decrease function - more respiratory infections.
What phrase or word matches this definition?
Injury caused by pressure to enclosed body surfaces, for example, from too much pressure in the lungs.
Barotrauma
What phrase or word matches this definition?
An adult age 41 to 60 years.
Middle Adult
What developmental changes occur during the Early Adult Years?
Physical peak reached between age 19 and 25.
Lifelong habits solidied.
Disks in spine begin to settle.
Fatty tissue increases.
Muscle strength decreases.
Reflexes slow.
Often become parents.
What do bulging fontanelles indicate?
Increased Intracranial Pressure
What developmental changes occur during the toddler years?
Develop more alveoli.
Start developing acquired immunity with more exposure to other children.
Muscle mass / bone density increases.
Bladder control.
Transitions from using language for communicating wants to using it creatively / playfully.
Start understanding concept of cause / effect.
Start to recognize gender differences.
What psychosocial changes do infants experience during the first 12 months?
