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EMTC C105 (Cerro Coso) > Chapter 17: Cardiovascular Emergencies > Flashcards

Chapter 17: Cardiovascular Emergencies Flashcards

1
Q

A group of symptoms caused by myocardial ischemia; includes angina and myocardial infarction.

A

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)

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2
Q

A heart attack; death of heart muscle following obstruction of blood flow to it.

A

Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI)

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3
Q

Transient (short-lived) chest discomfort caused by partial or temporary blockage of blood flow to the heart muscle.

A

Angina Pectoris

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4
Q

The front surface of the body.

A

Anterior

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5
Q

The main artery, which receives blood from the left ventricle and delivers it to all the other arteries that carry blood to the tissues of the body.

A

Aorta

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6
Q

A weakness in the wall of the aorta that makes it susceptible to rupture.

A

Aortic Aneurysm

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7
Q

The one-way valve that lies between the left ventricle and the aorta and keeps blood from flowing back into the left ventricle after the left ventricle ejects blood into the aorta.

A

Aortic Valve

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8
Q

A tracing on an ECG that is the result of interference, such as patient movement, rather than the heart’s electrical activity.

A

Artifact

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9
Q

The complete absence of all heart electrical activity.

A

Asystole

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10
Q

A disorder in which cholesterol and calcium build up inside the walls of blood vessels, eventually leading to partial or complete blockage of blood flow.

A

Atherosclerosis

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11
Q

One of the two upper chambers of the heart.

A

Atrium

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12
Q

The ability of cardiac muscle cells to contract without stimulation from the nervous system.

A

Automaticity

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13
Q

The part of the nervous system that controls the involuntary activities of the body such as the heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion of food.

A

Autonomic Nervous System

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14
Q

A slow heart rate, less than 60 beats/min.

A

Bradycardia

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15
Q

When the heart fails to generate effective and detectable blood flow; pulses are not palpable even if muscular and electrical activity continues in the heart.

A

Cardiac Arrest

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16
Q

A measure of the volume of blood circulated by the heart in 1 minute, multiplying stroke volume by heart rate.

A

Cardiac Output

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17
Q

A state in which not enough oxygen is delivered to the tissues of the body, caused by low output of blood from the heart. It can be a severe complication of a large acute myocardial infarction, as well as other conditions.

A

Cardiogenic Shock

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18
Q

A disorder in which the heart loses part of its ability to effectively pump blood, usually as a result of damage to the heart muscle and usually resulting in a backup of fluid into the lungs.

A

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

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19
Q

The blood vessels that carry blood and nutrients to the heart muscle.

A

Coronary Arteries

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20
Q

To shock a fibrillating (chaotically beating) heart with specialized electric current in an attempt to restore regular heart beat.

A

Defibrillate

21
Q

Swelling in the part of body closest to the ground, caused by collection of fluid in the tissues; a possible sign of congestive heart failure.

A

Dependent Edema

22
Q

Widening of a tubular structure such as the coronary artery,

A

Dilation

23
Q

A condition in which the inner layers of an artery, such as an aorta, become separated, allowing blood at high pressures to flow between the layers.

A

Dissecting Aneurysm

24
Q

An irregular or abnormal heart rhythm.

A

Dysrhythmia

25
Q

An emergency situation created by excessively high blood pressure, which can lead to serious complications such as stroke or aneurysm.

A

Hypertensive Emergency

26
Q

Death of a body issue, caused by interruption of its blood supply.

A

Infarction

27
Q

The part of the body closest to the feet.

A

Inferior

28
Q

A lack of oxygen that deprives tissues of nutrients, resulting from partial or complete blockage of blood flow.

A

Ischemia

29
Q

The inside diameter of an artery or other hollow structure.

A

Lumen

30
Q

The heart muscle.

A

Myocardium

31
Q

A blockage, usually of a tubular structure such as a blood vessel.

A

Occlusion

32
Q

The part of the autonomic nervous system that controls rest and digest functions.

A

Parasympathetic Nervous System

33
Q

Th flow of blood through body tissues and vessels.

A

Perfusion

34
Q

The back surface of the body.

A

Posterior

35
Q

The return of a pulse and effective blood flow to the body in a patient who previously was in cardiac arrest.

A

Return Of Spontaneous Circulation (ROSC)

36
Q

The volume of blood ejected with each ventricular contraction.

A

Stroke Volume

37
Q

The part of the body or any body part nearer to the head.

A

Superior

38
Q

The part of the autonomic nervous system that controls active functions such as responding to fear (also known as the fight-or-flight system).

A

Sympathetic Nervous System

39
Q

A fainting spell or transient loss of consciousness.

A

Syncope

40
Q

A rapid heart rate, more than 100 beats/min.

A

Tachycardia

41
Q

A blood clot that has formed within a blood vessel and is floating within the bloodstream.

A

Thromboembolism

42
Q

One of two chambers of the lower heart.

A

Ventricle

43
Q

Disorganized, ineffective quivering of the ventricles, resulting in no blood flow and state of cardiac arrest.

A

Ventricular Fibrillation

44
Q

A rapid heart rhythm in which the electrical impulse begins in the ventricle (instead of the atrium), which may result in inadequate blood flow and eventually deteriorate into cardiac arrest.

A

Ventricular Tachycardia

45
Q

ACS

A

Acute Coronary Syndrome

46
Q

AMI

A

Acute Myocardial Infarction

47
Q

CHF

A

Congestive Heart Failure

48
Q

ROSC

A

Return Of Spontaneous Circulation

EMTC C105 (Cerro Coso) (29 decks)

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