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EMTC C105 (Cerro Coso) > Chapter 19: GI and Urologic Emergencies > Flashcards

Chapter 19: GI and Urologic Emergencies Flashcards

1
Q

A condition of sudden onset of pain within the abdomen, usually indicating peritonitis; immediate medical or surgical treatment is necessary.

A

Acute Abdomen

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2
Q

Inflammation or infection of the appendix.

A

Appendicitis

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3
Q

Inflammation of the gallbladder.

A

Cholecystitis

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4
Q

Inflammation of the bladder.

A

Cystitus

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5
Q

Inflammation in small pockets at weak areas in the muscle walls.

A

Diverticulitis

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6
Q

Vomiting.

A

Emesis

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7
Q

A condition in which the sphincter between the esophagus and the stomach opens, allowing stomach acid to move into the esophagus, usually resulting in a burning sensation within the chest; also called acid reflux.

A

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

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8
Q

Involuntary muscle contractions (spasm) of the abdominal wall; an effort to protect the inflamed abdomen.

A

Guarding

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9
Q

Vomiting blood.

A

Hematemesis

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10
Q

The protrusion of an organ or tissue through an abnormal body opening.

A

Hernia

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11
Q

Paralysis of the bowel, arising from any one of several causes; stops contractions that move material through the intestine.

A

Ileus

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12
Q

Solid crystalline masses formed in the kidney, resulting from an excess of insoluble salts or uric acid crystallizing in the urine; may become trapped anywhere along the urinary tract.

A

Kidney Stones

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13
Q

Black, foul-smelling, tarry stool containing digested blood.

A

Melena

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14
Q

Inflammation of the pancreas.

A

Pancreatitis

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15
Q

The membrane lining the abdominal cavity.

A

Parietal Peritoneum

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16
Q

Inflammation of the peritoneum.

A

Peritonitis

17
Q

Pain felt in an area of the body other than the area where the cause of pain is located.

A

Referred Pain

18
Q

Complete obstruction of blood circulation in a given organ as a result of compression or entrapment; an emergency situation causing death of tissue.

A

Strangulation

19
Q

Severe kidney failure resulting in the buildup of waste products within the blood. Eventually brain functions will be impaired.

A

Uremia

20
Q

An infection, usually of the lower urinary tract (urethra and bladder) that occurs when the normal flora bacteria enter the urethra and grow.

A

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

21
Q

The membrane covering the abdominal organs.

A

Visceral Peritoneum

22
Q

How is pain fellt differently between the parietal peritoneum and visceral peritoneum?

A

If a problem exists with the parietal peritoneum, pain is localized while pain is generalized if there is an issue with the visceral peritoneum.

23
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Appendicitis

A
  • Localized pain lower right quadrant
  • Referred pain umbilical area
  • Nausea/Vomiting
  • Fever
  • Chills
  • Rebound Tenderness
24
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Cholecystitis

A
  • Localized pain upper right quadrant
  • Referred pain right shoulder, right upper back, right flank
  • Commonly produces symptoms ~30 min post fatty meal / at night
  • Nausea/Vomiting
  • Bloating/Gas
  • Belching
  • Pain may be steady or come in waves
25
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Ulcer

A
  • Burning/gnawing pain in stomach that subsides post meal & reemerges 2-3 hours later
  • Localized pain in upper abdomen or upper part of back
  • Nausea/Vomiting
  • Belching
  • Heartburn
  • Hematemesis
  • Melena
26
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Diverticulitis

A
  • Localized pain left lower quadrant
  • Fever
  • Malaise
  • Body Aches/Chills
  • Nausea/Vomiting
27
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Cystitis

A
  • Tenderness just above pubic bone
  • Midline lower abdominal pain
  • Hematuria
  • Urgency/Frequent Urinatiion
  • Burning Urination
28
Q

Why are UTI’s more common in people who have a uterus?

A

The urethra is shorter and the opening is closer to the anus.

29
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Kidney Stones

A
  • Localized flank pain that can radiate to groin
  • Nausea/Vomiting
  • Hematuria
  • Difficulty urinating (blockage)
30
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Chronic Kidney Disease

A
  • Malaise
  • Altered Mental Status
  • Nausea
  • Headache
  • Cramps
  • Edema
31
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Pancreatitis

A
  • Severe localized pain in upper quadrants radiating to back
  • Nausea/Vomiting
  • Abdominal distention
  • Tenderness
32
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Esophagitis

A
  • Heartburn
  • Pain swallowing
  • Nausea/Vomiting
  • Mouth sores
  • Hematemesis
33
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Esophageal Varices

A
  • Fatigue
  • Weight loss
  • Jaundice
  • Anorexia
  • Abdominal edema
  • Abdominal pain
  • Nausea/Vomiting
  • Difficulting swallowing
  • Hematemesis
34
Q

A tear in the junction between the esophagus and the stomach, causing severe bleeding and potentially death.

A

Mallory-Weiss Tear

35
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Gastroenteritis

A
  • Nausea/Vomiting/Diarrhea
  • Abdominal cramping
  • Fever
  • Anorexia
  • Dehydration
36
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Hemorrhoids

A
  • Bright red blood during defecation
  • Rectal itching
  • Small rectal mass
37
Q

A procedure to remove waste products and excess fluid from the blood when the kidneys stop working properly.

A

Dialysis

38
Q

GERD

A

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

39
Q

UTI

A

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

EMTC C105 (Cerro Coso) (29 decks)

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