Chapter 22: Toxicology Flashcards
A state of overwhelming obsession or physical need to continue the use of a substance.
Addiction
A substance that is used to neutralize or counteract a poison.
Antidote
A severe withdrawal syndrome seen in alcoholics who are deprived of ethyl alcohol; characterized by restlessness, fever, sweating, disorientation, agitation, and seizures; can be fatal if untreated.
Delirium Tremens (DT)
Vomiting
Emesis
An agent that produces false perception in any one of the five senses.
Hallucinogen
Vomiting blood.
Hematemesis
A sleep-induced effect or agent.
Hypnotic
Swallowing; taking a substance by mouth.
Ingestion
A form, provided by manufacturers and compounders (blenders) of chemicals, containing information about chemical composition, physical and chemical properties, health and safety hazards, emergency response, and waste disposal of a specific material.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
A drug that produces sleep or altered mental consciousness.
Narcotic
A subset of the opioid family, referring to natural, non-synthetic opioids.
Opiate
A synthetically produced narcotic medication, drug, or agent similar to the opiate morphine, but not derived from opium; used to relieve pain.
Opioid
An excessive quantity of a drug that, when taken, can have a toxic or lethal consequence.
Overdose
A substance whose chemical action could damage structures or impair function when introduced into the body.
Poison
A substance that decreases activity and excitement.
Sedative
An agent that produces an excited state.
Stimulant
The misuse of any substance to produce a desired effect.
Substance Abuse
The need for increasing amounts of a drug to achieve the same effect.
Tolerance
The study of toxic or poisonous substances.
Toxicology
A poison or harmful substance produced by bacteria, animals, or plants.
Toxin
What specific considerations should be accounted for during the scene size-up?
What questions should be added to the standard SAMPLE Hx outline?
Signs/Symptoms of Anticholinergic Agents
Signs/Symptoms of Cholinergic Agents
Signs/Symptoms of Sympathomimetic Agents
Signs/Symptoms of Sedative-Hypnotic Agents
Signs/Symptoms of Opioids
Outline the treatment principles for toxin exposure.
List the indications for naloxone.
Suspected Opioid Overdose
Respiratory Failure/Arrest
List the contraindications for naloxone.
Altered Mental Status w/adequate breathing
Cardiac Arrest
Outline the dosage for naloxone (NREMT standard).
0.1 mg/kg up to 2mg
Repeat every 2-3 minutes as needed.
Maximum dosage = follow local protocol.
Outline the dosage for naloxone (ICEMA standard).
What route can naloxone be delivered according to the NREMT standard?
Intranasal Route
What route can naloxone be delivered according to the ICEMA standard?
Intranasal and Intramuscular Routes
MSDS
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
DT
Delirium Tremens (DT)
