Chapter 22: Toxicology

Question 1

A state of overwhelming obsession or physical need to continue the use of a substance.

Answer 1

Addiction

Question 2

A substance that is used to neutralize or counteract a poison.

Answer 2

Antidote

Question 3

A severe withdrawal syndrome seen in alcoholics who are deprived of ethyl alcohol; characterized by restlessness, fever, sweating, disorientation, agitation, and seizures; can be fatal if untreated.

Answer 3

Delirium Tremens (DT)

Question 4

Vomiting

Answer 4

Emesis

Question 5

An agent that produces false perception in any one of the five senses.

Answer 5

Hallucinogen

Question 6

Vomiting blood.

Answer 6

Hematemesis

Question 7

A sleep-induced effect or agent.

Answer 7

Hypnotic

Question 8

Swallowing; taking a substance by mouth.

Answer 8

Ingestion

Question 9

A form, provided by manufacturers and compounders (blenders) of chemicals, containing information about chemical composition, physical and chemical properties, health and safety hazards, emergency response, and waste disposal of a specific material.

Answer 9

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

Question 10

A drug that produces sleep or altered mental consciousness.

Answer 10

Narcotic

Question 11

A subset of the opioid family, referring to natural, non-synthetic opioids.

Answer 11

Opiate

Question 12

A synthetically produced narcotic medication, drug, or agent similar to the opiate morphine, but not derived from opium; used to relieve pain.

Answer 12

Opioid

Question 13

An excessive quantity of a drug that, when taken, can have a toxic or lethal consequence.

Answer 13

Overdose

Question 14

A substance whose chemical action could damage structures or impair function when introduced into the body.

Answer 14

Poison

Question 15

A substance that decreases activity and excitement.

Answer 15

Sedative

Question 16

An agent that produces an excited state.

Answer 16

Stimulant

Question 17

The misuse of any substance to produce a desired effect.

Answer 17

Substance Abuse

Question 18

The need for increasing amounts of a drug to achieve the same effect.

Answer 18

Tolerance

Question 19

The study of toxic or poisonous substances.

Answer 19

Toxicology

Question 20

A poison or harmful substance produced by bacteria, animals, or plants.

Answer 20

Toxin

Question 21

What specific considerations should be accounted for during the scene size-up?

Answer 21

Question 22

What questions should be added to the standard SAMPLE Hx outline?

Answer 22

Question 23

Signs/Symptoms of Anticholinergic Agents

Answer 23

Question 24

Signs/Symptoms of Cholinergic Agents

Answer 24

Question 25

Signs/Symptoms of Sympathomimetic Agents

Answer 25

Question 26

Signs/Symptoms of Sedative-Hypnotic Agents

Answer 26

Question 27

Signs/Symptoms of Opioids

Answer 27

Question 28

Outline the treatment principles for toxin exposure.

Answer 28

Question 29

List the indications for naloxone.

Answer 29

Suspected Opioid Overdose
Respiratory Failure/Arrest

Question 30

List the contraindications for naloxone.

Answer 30

Altered Mental Status w/adequate breathing
Cardiac Arrest

Question 31

Outline the dosage for naloxone (NREMT standard).

Answer 31

0.1 mg/kg up to 2mg
Repeat every 2-3 minutes as needed.
Maximum dosage = follow local protocol.

Question 32

Outline the dosage for naloxone (ICEMA standard).

Answer 32

Question 33

What route can naloxone be delivered according to the NREMT standard?

Answer 33

Intranasal Route

Question 34

What route can naloxone be delivered according to the ICEMA standard?

Answer 34

Intranasal and Intramuscular Routes

Question 35

MSDS

Answer 35

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

Question 36

DT

Answer 36

Delirium Tremens (DT)