Chapter 7: Learning Flashcards
learning
a lasting change caused by experience-has to be inferred from behaviour, it cannot be directly observed
how do scientists study learning?
by measuring change in behavioural responses
what are two categories of learning?
associative and non-associative
associative learning
learning that involves forming associations between stimuli
non-associative learning
learning that does not involve forming new associations between stimuli
non-associative learning is a result following:
repeated exposure to a single stimulus or event, causes a relatively permanent change in the strength of the response
what are two types of non-associative learning?
habituation and sensitization
habituation
the process of habituating, in which individuals pay less attention to a stimulus after it is presented to them over and over again
overall habitation is a _____ response to stimulus
DECREASE
dishabituation
a form of non-associative learning whereby there is a recovery of attention to a novel stimulus following habituation
sensitization
a form of non-associative learning whereby a strong stimulus results in an exaggerated response to the subsequent presentation of weaker stimuli
sensitization involves an _______ in response with learning
INCREASE
horror movies manipulate:
our sensitization response
the majority learning is:
associative learning
what are two major types of associative learning and describe them:
classical (associate two stimuli, eventually respond the same way to both), operant/instrumental (associate stimuli with the consequences that follow)
conditioning
the association of events in the environment; a type of learning