CHAPTER 7 Flashcards
Musculature of the Back
1
Q
bones involved in back muscle attachment
- _____ bone of the skull
- vertebrae (_____, _____, _____)
- -the _____ or _____ is a single posterior projection from the junction of the two _____
- -the _____ is a lateral projection from the junction of a pedicle and a lamina. it is _____
- _____
- _____
- -iliac crest
-clavicle
- scapula
- -the _____ is the ledge that overlies the shoulder joint
- -the _____ is a prominent ridge continuous laterally with the acromion. its posterior surface is its _____, the edges of which are the _____ and the _____
- -the _____ parallels the vertebral column
- humerus
- -an _____ is found between the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle
A
occipital cervical thoracic lumbar spine spinous process laminae transverse process paired sacrum hip bone acromion scapular spine crest upper lip lower lip medial border intertubercular groove
2
Q
what are the superficial muscles of the back
A
trapezius latissimus dorsi levator scapulae rhomboid minor rhomboid major
3
Q
trapezius
origin:
- _____ skull (_____)
- _____ of all _____ via _____ (_____)
- _____ of all _____
insertion:
- _____ of the _____
- _____
- _____ of the _____ of the _____, _____
action:
- _____ of the _____ in which the _____ moves _____
- _____ of the _____ and _____ (upper fibers)
- _____ of the _____ and _____ (lower fibers)
innervation
- _____, _____
- _____ of _____
the insertion of the trapezius embraces the origin of the _____
the _____ is one of the _____ cranial nerves; it is _____
A
posterior occipital bone spinous processes cervical vertebrae ligament ligamentum nuchae spinous processes vertebrae lateral third clavicle acromion crest spine scapula superior lip upward rotation scapula inferior angle laterally elevation scapula lateral clavicle depression scapula lateral clavicle CN XI accessory nerve ventral rami C3 and C4 deltoid accessory nerve 12 CN XI
4
Q
latissimus dorsi origin: -\_\_\_\_\_ -\_\_\_\_\_ of the \_\_\_\_\_ -\_\_\_\_\_ of the \_\_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_ --via \_\_\_\_\_ -\_\_\_\_\_
insertion
-_____ or _____ of the _____
action
- _____ of the _____ at the _____
- _____ of the _____ at the _____
- _____ of the _____ at the _____
innervation:
-_____
A
lower 3 or 4 ribs spinous processes lower 6 thoracic vertebrae spinous processes lumbar and sacral vertebrae aponeurosis iliac crest intertubercular groove sulcus humerus adduction arm shoulder joint extension arm shoulder joint medial rotation arm shoulder joint thoracodorsal nerve
5
Q
levator scapulae
origin:
-_____ of _____
insertion:
-_____ of the _____, _____ to the _____
action:
-_____
innervation:
-_____
A
transverse processes of CV1 to CV4 medial border scapula superior scapular spine elevation of the scapula ventral rami of C3 and C4
6
Q
rhomboid minor
origin:
-_____
insertion:
-_____ of the _____, _____ the _____
action:
-_____
innervation:
-_____
A
spinous processes of CV7 and TV1 medial border scapula at scapular spine adduction of the scapula dorsal scapular nerve
7
Q
rhomboid major
origin:
- _____
insertion:
-_____ of the _____, _____ to the _____
action:
-_____
innervation:
-_____
A
spinous processes of TV2 to TV5 medial border scapula inferior scapular spine adduction of the scapula dorsal scapular nerve
8
Q
what are the muscles of the deep back
A
erector spinae (sacrospinalis) splenius transversaospinal group -semispinalis --semispinalis capitis (biventer cervicis) --semispinalis cervicis --semispinalis thoracis -multifidus -rotatores --longus --brevis suboccipital muscles
9
Q
erector spinae
- consists of a series of _____ longitudinally coursing muscles and constitutes the _____ muscular mass of the back
- _____ the _____, it presents the following columns of muscle, from medial to lateral:
a. the _____ is a _____ muscle along the _____
b. the _____ is the intermediate muscle extending all the way to the _____; it is the _____ column
c. the _____ is the most lateral muscle, extending from the _____ to the _____ - the erector spinae is an important _____ muscle that holds the spine erect by _____ the _____
- innervation is _____ from the _____
A
three largest above 12th rib spinalis centimeter wide spinous processes longissimus skull longest iliocostalis ilium ribs postural extending vertebral column segmental dorsal rami
10
Q
splenius
- the splenius is a deep back muscle located in the _____
- it consists of two parts:
a. the _____ is the superior part that extends from the _____ and _____ to the _____
b. the inferior part, _____, courses from _____ upward to _____
c. the two parts are continuous at their _____, separable only at their _____ - when one side acts, the _____ and _____ rotate toward the _____ side; when both act together, the _____ and cervical column _____
- innervation is _____ from the _____
A
neck splenius capitis ligamentum nuchae CV7-TV4 skull splenius cervicis TV3-TV6 CV1-CV3 origin insertion head cervical column same head extend segmental dorsal rami
11
Q
transversospinal group
-the transversospinal group includes the following muscles:
_____, _____, _____
-generally, all the muscles in this group originate from the _____ and insert into the _____ of certain vertebrae _____ it
A
semispinalis multifidus rotatores transverse process spinous process above
12
Q
semispinalis (courses _____ vertebral segments)
- is a deep back muscle that occupies the _____ of the _____
- it consists of three regional parts:
1. _____ is also called _____ because of its prominent intervening _____
2. _____, which is _____ to semispinalis capitis
3. _____, which is _____ to semispinalis capitis in the _____ region - semispinalis capitis _____ the _____ and _____ toward the _____ side; semispinalis cervicis and throacis rotate _____ toward the _____ side
- innervation is _____ from _____
A
4-6 upper half vertebral column semispinalis capitis biventer cervicis tendon semispinalis cervicis deep semispinalis thoracis inferior thoracic exends head rotates same vertebrae opposite segmental dorsal rami
13
Q
multifidus (courses _____ vertebral segments)
- multifundi are deep back muscles that are best developed in the _____ deep to the _____
- they _____ the _____ toward the _____ side
- innervation is _____ from the _____
A
2-4 lumbar region erector spinae rotate vertebral column opposite segmental dorsal rami
14
Q
rotatores (courses _____ vertebral segments)
- deep back muscles that are best developed in the _____ deep to _____
- -they lie directly on the _____ in the groove between the _____ and the _____ and are the _____ back muscles
- _____ crosses two vertebrae, and _____ attaches to the next vertebra
- they _____ the _____ toward the _____ side
- innervation is _____ from the _____
A
1-2 thoracic region semispinalis thoracis laminae spines transverse processes deepest rotatores longus rotatores brevis rotate vertebral column opposite segmental dorsal rami
15
Q
suboccipital muscles
-_____ suboccipital muscles lie in the _____; three of these make up the _____
a. _____
b. _____
c. _____
d. _____
A
four deep neck suboccipital triangle rectus capitis posterior major recuts capitis posterior minor (not part of triangle) obliquus capitis inferior obliquus capitis superior
