CHAPTER 20 Flashcards
Neck
1
Q
the _____ is the region of the body between the head and the thorax
A
neck
2
Q
bones
- the neck has _____ bones
- it has _____ cervical vertebrae
- CV1 atlas
- CV2 axis
- CV3-6
- CV7 vertebra prominens
- the eighth bone is the _____
- -this bone lies in the _____ portion of the neck between the _____ and the _____
- -it is a _____ shaped bone with an opening _____
- -anteriorly, it presents a _____
- –projecting from the body posteriorly are the larger _____ and the smaller _____
- -it does not articulate with any other _____, but it is _____ by the attaching _____
A
8 7 hyoid bone anterior mandible neck U shaped posteriorly body greater horns lesser horns bone suspended muscles
3
Q
cartilages
- _____ (voice box)
- -a cartilaginous organ located at the upper end of the trachea
- _____ (windpipe)
- -a cartilaginous pipe that extends from the larynx above inferiorly through the neck into the thorax
A
larynx
trachea
4
Q
glands
- _____
- -endocrine gland located on either side of the trachea just below the _____
- -it consists of _____ lobes connected across the trachea by the _____
- _____
- -two to four endocrine glands are located on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland
- -the thyroid and parathyroid glands are both supplies by the _____ and _____
A
thyroid gland larynx 2 isthmus parathyroid gland superior inferior thyroid arteries
5
Q
muscles of the neck
name the 6
A
platysma (subcutaneous muscle) sternocleidomastoid infrahyoid muscles suprahyoid muscles scalene muscles prevertebral muscles
6
Q
name the suprahyoid muscles (4)
A
digastric
stylohyoid
mylohyoid
geniohyoid
7
Q
relationships to the scalene anterior
- anterior to the scalene anterior:
- -_____, _____, _____, _____, _____
- posterior to the scalene anterior:
- -_____, _____
A
phrenic nerve, common carotid artery and internal common carotid artery, internal jugular vein, subclavian vein, vagus nerve
subclavian artery, brachial plexus
8
Q
scalene triangle
A
scalene anterior (anterior boundary) scalene medius (posterior) first rib (inferior)
9
Q
prevertebral muscles
A
longus capitis longus cervicis (colli)
10
Q
nerves of the neck
- cervical plexus:
- -the cervical plexus is a _____ plexus formed by the _____ of _____
- -the plexus is arranged as an irregular series of _____ from which the branches of the plexus arise
- -the branches of the plexus supply the _____ and _____ muscles; in addition, two named branches are given off:
- the phrenic nerve
- arises from _____
- courses through the neck _____ to the _____
- courses through the thorax _____ to the _____
- innervates one muscle, the _____ - the ansa cervicalis
- loop of _____ that lies anterior to the _____
- posses two roots: the _____ connects with the _____. it is derived from _____. the _____ is derived from _____ and _____
- supplies all _____ except the _____
-the \_\_\_\_\_ branches of the cervical plexus provide \_\_\_\_\_ supply to the \_\_\_\_\_ region and \_\_\_\_\_ they include the following: -\_\_\_\_\_ (\_\_\_\_\_) -\_\_\_\_\_ (\_\_\_\_\_) -\_\_\_\_\_ (\_\_\_\_\_) -\_\_\_\_\_ (\_\_\_\_\_)
- CN X, Vagus nerve
- -the vagus nerve is cranial nerve X
- -it arises from the brain and courses through a foramen I the skull
- -it courses through the neck in the _____
- -it courses through the thorax _____ to the _____
- -it courses through the _____ of the _____ and enters the abdomen, where it supplies _____
- sympathetic trunk
- -it is a part of the _____
- -it is located in the neck _____ to the _____
A
spinal nerve ventral rami C1 to C4 loops scalene prevertebral ventral ramus C4 (C3, C5) anterior scalene anterior anterior root of the lung diaphragm nervous tissue carotid sheath superior root hypoglossal nerve C1 inferior root C2 and C3 infrahyoid muscles thyrohyoid superficial cutaneous neck superior chest lesser occipital (C2, C3) greater auricular (C2, C3) transverse cervical (C2, C3) supraclavicular (C3, C4) carotid sheath posterior root of the lung esophageal opening diaphragm abdominal organs autonomic nervous system posterior carotid sheath
11
Q
vessels of the neck
the vessels of the neck include the following:
(4)
the arch of the aorta has three main branches:
the brachiocephalic trunk divides into the following:
(3)
in general, the subclavian arteries supply the _____, and the carotid arteries supply the _____ and _____
A
common carotid arteries and their branches
subclavian arteries and their branches
subclavian veins
jugular veins
brachiocephalic trunk
left common carotid artery
left subclavian artery
right subclavian artery right common carotid artery upper limbs head neck
12
Q
common carotid arteries
- the right common carotid artery arises from the _____
- the left common carotid artery arises from the _____
- each ascends through the neck in its respective _____
- each common carotid artery terminates at the upper border of the respective side of the _____ by dividing into its terminal branches
- internal carotid artery
- -each artery ascends within its respective _____
- -each artery enters the _____ through the _____ to supply the brain
- -it _____ give off any branches in the neck
- external carotid artery
- -each ascends toward its respective _____
- -each artery gives off _____ named branches that supply all the structures of the _____ on its respective side
- -the first branch is the _____
A
brachiocephalic trunk arch of the aorta carotid sheath thyroid cartilage carotid sheath cranial cavity carotid canal does not ear 8 neck superior thyroid artery
13
Q
subclavian arteries
- the right subclavian artery arises as a branch of the _____
- the left subclavian artery arises as a branch of the _____
- each subclavian artery courses through the _____ on its respective side _____ to the _____ muscle
- each subclavian artery courses over the _____ on its respective side, and at the lateral border of the first rib its name changes to the _____
- each subclavian artery has branches, one of which is the _____
- -each vertebral artery ascends though its respective foramina in the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae. it enters the cranial cavity through the _____, and joints with the vertebral artery of the opposite side to form the _____. this artery supplies the _____ and is part of the _____
A
brachiocephalic trunk arch of the aorta neck posterior scalene anterior first rib axillary artery vertebral artery foramen magnum basilar artery brain circle of willis
14
Q
subclavian veins
- each subclavian vein arises as a continuation of its respective _____ at the _____ border of the _____
- each subclavian vein courses through its respective side of the neck _____ to the _____; the muscle separates it from its respective _____
- each subclavian vein terminates by joining with its respective _____ to form the _____
A
axillary vein lateral first rib anterior scalene anterior muscle subclavian artery internal jugular vein brachiocephalic vein
15
Q
external jugular veins
- each external jugular vein arises from its respective side from veins draining the _____ and _____
- each external jugular vein courses superficially on its respective side across the _____ muscle
- each external jugular vein terminates by joining its respective _____
A
scalp
face
sternocleidomastoid
subclavian vein
