Chapter 7

Question 1

what molecules make up the plasma membrane

Answer 1

phospholipids, glycolipids, sterols, membrane proteins

Question 2

where are hydrophobic amino acids usually located?

Answer 2

interior of protein and interior of membrane

Question 3

what are transport proteins

Answer 3

allow things to come through lipid bilayer

Question 4

where do hydrophilic amino acids tend to be located?

Answer 4

exterior of the protein

Question 5

What is an erythrocyte

Answer 5

No nucleus or other organelles

red blood cell

Question 6

Lipid rafts

Answer 6

cluster of lipids and proteins in the plasma membrane

Question 7

Functions of the membrane

Answer 7

Defines the boundaries 
Loci for specific functions
Transport proteins
Receptors
Cell-to-cell communication

Question 8

Fluid mosaic model

Answer 8

membrane has a mosaic of proteins embedded in or attached to it

Question 9

Three major classes of membrane lipids

Answer 9

Phospholipids, glycolipids, sterols

Question 10

Phosphoglyceride

Answer 10

type of phospholipid
Glycerol based
common in plants and bacteria

Question 11

Sphingolipid

Answer 11

type of phospholipid
sphingosine based
common in animal

Question 12

General functions of membrane proteins

Answer 12

transporters, receptors, and adhesion

Question 13

three classes of membrane proteins

Answer 13

integral, peripheral, lipid-anchored

Question 14

Three types of movement of the membrane

Answer 14

rotation, lateral diffusion, transverse diffusion

Question 15

lateral diffusion

Answer 15

lipids trading places in the plane of the membrane

Question 16

transverse diffusion

Answer 16

lipids passing through membrane interior to the other side (rare)

Question 17

Tm

Answer 17

transition temperature of lipids from a gel to a fluid

Question 18

affect of chain length on Tm

Answer 18

longer chains have higher Tm

Question 19

high Tm means

Answer 19

less fluid

Question 20

Saturated fatty acids affect on Tm

Answer 20

higher Tm

Question 21

Sterols affect on membrane at high temperatures

Answer 21

decrease fluidity

Question 22

Sterols affect on membrane at low temperatures

Answer 22

increase fluidity (because phospholipids can’t get as close together)

Question 23

Monotopic membrane proteins

Answer 23

embedded in single layer of lipid membrane (doesn’t span the whole thing)

Question 24

Bitopic membrane proteins

Answer 24

single pass through membrane

Question 25

Multitopic membrane proteins

Answer 25

multipass

Question 26

Peripheral membrane proteins associate with…

Answer 26

just lipids, just integral membrane proteins, or both

Question 27

Evidence for the mobility of membrane proteins

Answer 27

freeze-fracture images and mouse and human cell fusion

Question 28

Glycoproteins and glycolipids form…

Answer 28

Glycocalyx- carbohydrate coating on exoplasmic leaflet

Question 29

Functions of glycoproteins

Answer 29

defense, adhesion, cellular uptake, and embryonic development